Development of a Brake Pad with Environment-friendly for a Bus
Yunfa Qiao,
Ronghui Lin,
Shuaichao Li
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, December 2019
Pages:
36-42
Received:
7 July 2019
Accepted:
31 July 2019
Published:
13 August 2019
DOI:
10.11648/j.cm.20190302.11
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Abstract: The application of disc brakes on a large bus is more and more. The development of a brake pad with high performance and environmental protection for a bus has important social significance and economic value. The effects of the hardness of friction plate on brake noise was studied experimentally. The results show that the hardness of friction plate has a significant influence on brake noise, the lower the hardness, the more difficult to brake noise. The green raw materials with high quality were chosen, a formula of friction plate was optimized by using quadratic response surface regression mathematics models, a brake pad with environment-friendly was developed. It is verified that the developed one has high stability friction coefficient, low wear rate, and it brakes noiselessly by brake noise and friction performance test. The road experiment for the developed one was carried out. The results indicate that the average service life for the developed one improved significantly, the front wheel by about 59%, and the rear wheel by about 74%, compared with the auxiliary brake pad.
Abstract: The application of disc brakes on a large bus is more and more. The development of a brake pad with high performance and environmental protection for a bus has important social significance and economic value. The effects of the hardness of friction plate on brake noise was studied experimentally. The results show that the hardness of friction plat...
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Preparation of Reactive and Additive Flame Retardant with Different Oxidation State of Phosphorus on the Thermal and Flammability of Thermoplastic Polyurethane
Fei Lin,
Haizhen Lin,
Junmu Ke,
Jingling Liu,
Xin Bai,
Denglong Chen
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, December 2019
Pages:
43-53
Received:
25 October 2019
Accepted:
15 November 2019
Published:
22 November 2019
DOI:
10.11648/j.cm.20190302.12
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Abstract: A novel phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant polyols (FRPE) was synthesized from condensation reaction with adipic acid (AA), ethylene glycol (MEG), diethylene glycol (DEG), maleic acid (MA), 9, 10-dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐ 10‐oxide (DOPO) and tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate (THEIC) as raw materials. The structure of FRPE was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR)，thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and Gel permeation chromatography (GPC). FRPE was used as a flame retardant in the preparation of thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU). The effects of FRPE on the mechanical, thermal, and flame retardant properties of TPU were investigated. The another aim of this study is an investigation of the effect of different oxidation state of phosphorus in phosphorus-based flame retardants on the thermal and flame retardant properties of TPU. Three different oxidation states of phosphorus (triphenylphosphite (TPPI) (+3), triphenylphosphate (TPP) (+5), and FRPE (+1)), with different thermal stabilities at a constant phosphorus content (0.8 wt%) have been utilized. Thermal and flame retardant properties were evaluated by TGA and cone calorimetry test (CCT), respectively. the surface morphology of char residue after CCT was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). the flame-retardant mechanism of these three flame retardant were investigation by FTIR-TG. The result show that the flame retardant properties of TPU composites were significantly improved, and the flame retardant mechanism of different oxidation state phosphorus flame retardants are presented.
Abstract: A novel phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant polyols (FRPE) was synthesized from condensation reaction with adipic acid (AA), ethylene glycol (MEG), diethylene glycol (DEG), maleic acid (MA), 9, 10-dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐ 10‐oxide (DOPO) and tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate (THEIC) as raw materials. The structure of FRPE was characte...
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