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The Use of Human Five Senses as Models to Enhanced Music in Worship in Abeokuta, Nigeria
Israel Oluwagbemiga Odewole
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
177-184
Received:
5 April 2019
Accepted:
27 May 2019
Published:
12 May 2020
Abstract: Worship music has become a key identifier for local churches. Descriptors like “contemporary,” “traditional,” “blended,” and “arts” are often innuendos for music styles and song repertoires. The task of planning the worship songs for a weekly gathering is not about perpetuating perceptions about your church. Worship planners should apply several principles as they select and arrange songs for worship gatherings. We commend coherence with the content of the sermon as a high priority for worship planning, since God’s word is His means for making us wise rebuking, correcting, training, completing, and equipping us, the whole service should prepare believers to hear, accept, believe, love, submit to, and obey the scriptures. Songs have a unique capacity for summarizing and reinforcing Christian instruction. In order to avoid proselytizing, the model for the evaluation of the evangelical church in Abeokuta takes into account all of the elements presented in the literature as reviewed in in this article. The driving force for this model is the material that emerged in field survey, the analysis and findings. Owing to the general findings and suggestions of those that are engaging the Music in Worship, a sustainable model illustrated with the concept of our five human senses will be proposed in this article. Using the five senses to appreciate beauty is to engage all five senses – hearing, sight, tough, smell and taste – in the world of order.
Abstract: Worship music has become a key identifier for local churches. Descriptors like “contemporary,” “traditional,” “blended,” and “arts” are often innuendos for music styles and song repertoires. The task of planning the worship songs for a weekly gathering is not about perpetuating perceptions about your church. Worship planners should apply several pr...
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Vision and Blurriness: A Postcolonial Study of Uzma Aslam Khan’s Novel The Geometry of God
Qasim Ali Kharal,
Zona Zafar
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
185-190
Received:
21 January 2020
Accepted:
11 February 2020
Published:
12 May 2020
Abstract: The aim of present research paper is to challenge the ‘Vision’ of west through metaphorical representation of Mehwish’s blindness. The researcher intends to focus upon the use of blindness, which through performance and functional equivalency produces challenge to vision (Eurocentrism). The re-understanding encourages her test the marginalization or "othering" of the blind by deconstructing the myths about visual impairment. Dr. Kenneth’s concept of ‘blindness’ is taken as theoretical framework. Further, Schor’ concept of ‘blindness as metaphor’ is also taken to support the main argument of the research. Dr. Kenneth Jernigan in his book Blindness as Metaphor challenges the traditional concept of blindness. As previously, it is described as ‘disability to see something’ [1], lose or deformity of eyesight. He emphasized to not define blindness merely “in medical and measurable terms something which must be defined not medically or physically but functionally” [2]. Presented thesis has taken blindness as a metaphor to counter attack the European narrative of ‘enlightenment ‘as it functionally failed to enlighten the ‘other’ civilization. Uzma Aslam Khan through her implicit characterization and metaphorical treatment blindness is challenging the oculocentrism. Thus, through physical blindness and functional capabilities of Mehwish, metaphorically Khan challenges the Western mindset of enlightenment.
Abstract: The aim of present research paper is to challenge the ‘Vision’ of west through metaphorical representation of Mehwish’s blindness. The researcher intends to focus upon the use of blindness, which through performance and functional equivalency produces challenge to vision (Eurocentrism). The re-understanding encourages her test the marginalization o...
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The Writing Techniques Used in Presentation of Love Theme in Some of Muyaka’s Poems (1979)
Ogongi Ruth Atieno,
Oluoch Stephen,
Karithi Francis
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
191-195
Received:
9 February 2020
Accepted:
25 February 2020
Published:
12 May 2020
Abstract: Poetry is one of the genres in Swahili literature; it is categorized in written literature. Poetry is composed and presented to the audience however; each author has his way of communicating his messages which promote themes. This research is on The writing techniques used in presentation of love themes in some of Muyaka’s Poems. Although there are studies that have been carried out concerning the elaboration of themes by researchers, there was still a shortage of research done basing on The writing techniques used in presentation of love themes in some of Muyaka’s Poems. The main objective is to analyse the writing techniques used in presentation of love theme in some of Muyaka’s poems in Muyaka’s poetry book. The research is conducted in Muyaka’s poetry. The selection of this poetic book was done using purposive technique. This is a library based research hence the technique used to collect the data is the document analysis technique. Data is analyzed descriptively based on the prisms. The main purpose of this paper is to cover the gap that has been left without being researched on which is writing techniques used in presentation of love themes in some of Muyaka’s Poems. The research is guided by two theories; New Critism that emphasizes on the close reading analysis and Stylistic theory that emphasizes on how language can be used in a literally work. The method mainly involved the use of observation and reading. The data is analyzed based on the prisms of the two theories. The findings indicated that the writing techniques used in presentation of love themes are used effectively in Swahili poetry, the writing techniques used include Similes, Imagery, Hyperbole, Repetition, Rhetorical questions metaphors, Sayings, and Parables, the study revealed that the techniques used in the presentation of love themes are appropriate hence they are likely to make the language interesting, to enable the reader think, encourage community members and it makes communication effective. This paper will help a common man to be aware of how love themes can be presented in the African society, the countries that use Swahili language will give guidance to their scholars on poetry, also this work will be a good reference material to other research works.
Abstract: Poetry is one of the genres in Swahili literature; it is categorized in written literature. Poetry is composed and presented to the audience however; each author has his way of communicating his messages which promote themes. This research is on The writing techniques used in presentation of love themes in some of Muyaka’s Poems. Although there are...
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Representation of Social Actors in Financial times Report on China’s Panda Diplomacy
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
196-205
Received:
27 February 2020
Accepted:
10 March 2020
Published:
15 May 2020
Abstract: Communicators have a range of referential options to represent individuals and groups, who in Critical Discourse Analysis are often termed “social actors” or “participants”. These choices allow communicators to place people in the social world and highlight certain aspects of their identity while downplaying others. Choosing one social category instead of another means foregrounding certain features and backgrounding others, leading to different views and interpretations of the persons represented. This paper takes a quantitative study of the social actors represented in Jamil Anderlini’s article on China’s panda diplomacy published in the Financial Times, identifying and analyzing referential strategies adopted in representing participants involved in the social practice, mainly focusing on the discussion of such representation means as inclusion/exclusion, assimilation/ individualization, association/dissociation and their indications for the revelation of the writer’s attitudes, beliefs and political stance. The study reveals that the writer’s representation of participants tends to be bi-polarized, holding sharply different attitudes towards the main social actors—China, foreign countries and zoos, researchers and FT, depicting China as a crafty, deceptive, and intimidating manipulator of panda diplomacy while other countries as innocent, ignorant and helpless victims. This difference can be partly explained by Teun van Dijk’s “ideological square” in which China is a typical out-group, emphasized as a communist, authoritarian country in opposition to the democratic West to which the writer belongs.
Abstract: Communicators have a range of referential options to represent individuals and groups, who in Critical Discourse Analysis are often termed “social actors” or “participants”. These choices allow communicators to place people in the social world and highlight certain aspects of their identity while downplaying others. Choosing one social category ins...
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Corpora-Based Comparative Analysis of Synonyms “Situation, Environment and Circumstance”
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
206-216
Received:
7 May 2020
Accepted:
25 May 2020
Published:
4 June 2020
Abstract: This study compares the frequency, collocation and semantic prosody of situation, environment and circumstance in Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) and Written English Corpus of Chinese Learners (WECCL). Vocabulary is the cornerstone of second language learning and its development is one of the hot topics in second language acquisition researches. Huge in size, subtle in semantic difference and often presented in minimal contexts, synonyms in English remain a permanent challenge for Chinese English learners. Traditional synonym differentiation usually relies on item-by-item analysis of lexical meanings and introspective qualitative methods like intuition, experience, etc. However, in practice, such guesswork is far from satisfactory. With the rapid development of information technology, corpus linguistics provides a key to the study of synonyms. Based on corpus data, this paper compares and analyzes the selected synonyms using Antconc, Chi-square Calculator and BFSU Collocator. Findings indicate: 1) In terms of use frequency, Chinese students tend to overuse synonyms compared with native speakers; 2) In terms of salient collocations, Chinese students use the synonyms with lots of semantic ambiguity but few collocation types; 3) In terms of semantic prosody, on the Chinese students’ side, inadequate accuracy is comparatively conspicuous as well as semantic prosody misuse. Preliminary cause analysis points to two main factors influencing Chinese students’ mastery of synonyms, respectively L1 negative transfer and the misleading effect of Chinese-English dictionaries. Based on the above analysis, this paper puts forward some suggestions for teaching synonyms and compiling dictionaries.
Abstract: This study compares the frequency, collocation and semantic prosody of situation, environment and circumstance in Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) and Written English Corpus of Chinese Learners (WECCL). Vocabulary is the cornerstone of second language learning and its development is one of the hot topics in second language acquisition...
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Hamlet Between the Characters of Bukara and Učitelj/Teacher: On the Most Famous Play by Ivo Brešan
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
217-223
Received:
21 February 2020
Accepted:
2 April 2020
Published:
15 June 2020
Abstract: The paper discusses the most famous play written by the Croatian playwright Ivo Brešan /1936 – 2017/, which is based on Hamlet. The issue of representation, even defence of literary, aesthetic and ethical values comes up quite often in Brešan's plays on the grounds of an equal mechanism: between primitivism and brutality on the one side (following Hegel: Brešan's "Antithesis") and enlightenment and idealism on the other ("Thesis") there is a literary text as an extension of the Thesis; it is a template with a purpose to build up a new dramatic storytelling, which will be adjusted to spatial, social and philosophical circumstances to which the author belongs. A literary text in Brešan's plays functions as a mediator (be it Shakespeare's Hamlet or another play) and enters the zone of "popularization"; it has the role of an "arbiter" (Souriau) that emphasizes the values of the Thesis (the transfer between the scope of "serious" literature and reality) presented as a structure that should be made accessible to a wider audience, regardless of whether the receiver has recognized the mediator text or not. From the conscience of such a construction arise the questions on stratifications and goals of a transfer or "borrowing" from classic literature. We can conclude that the mediator text, in this case Shakespeare's Hamlet, with the milieu associated to it (Antithesis) together make Brešan’s Synthesis, which turns into a new potential Thesis. A classic text that was meant for Elizabethan people throughout the centuries turned into an elitist canon of the educated and grew distant from its roots and its primary purpose of folk entertainment. In the 20th century the same text receives a role of a highly valuable work of art, and the performance based upon it turns into an aesthetic event meant for the educated. Created and represented this way in Croatian playwriting during the 1960s and 1970s (in SFRY, i.e. former, communist Yugoslavia) – Shakespeare's text was used as a foundation for the construction of a new text, and this new text (as a reaction to the repression in the social system) – Brešan's The Stage Play of Hamlet in the Village of Mrduša Donja (today considered a classic play in Croatian literature) – is to be used by a future playwright for creating a new literary work, i.e. for a new intertextuality.
Abstract: The paper discusses the most famous play written by the Croatian playwright Ivo Brešan /1936 – 2017/, which is based on Hamlet. The issue of representation, even defence of literary, aesthetic and ethical values comes up quite often in Brešan's plays on the grounds of an equal mechanism: between primitivism and brutality on the one side (following ...
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A Study on the Acceptation of Toni Morrison in the Past 30 Years in China
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
224-232
Received:
20 May 2020
Accepted:
4 June 2020
Published:
15 June 2020
Abstract: Toni Morrison, as a great classic in contemporary American literature for her profound studies of black ethnic history, ethnic culture, ethnic identity and black feminism has attracted wide attention in Chinese academic circles. Taking the academic papers about Morrison from CNKI as the data source, this study applies CiteSpace III, a visualization software, to conduct a visual map analysis through several indexes such as the authors, the institutions they come from and the high frequency keywords in their papers. Through the analysis of the prolific authors, the high-output institutions and the emerging hotspots in this field, the overall features of Toni Morrison-research among the past 30 years is revealed, the present research status of this subject in China is uncovered and future development trend is predicted. It’s hoped that this paper will comprehensively and profoundly display the historical context and current situation of Morrison’s research in China, help the researchers find and summarize the existing problems and shortcomings, and put forward constructive suggestions to promote a healthy and sustainable development of Morrison’s research.
Abstract: Toni Morrison, as a great classic in contemporary American literature for her profound studies of black ethnic history, ethnic culture, ethnic identity and black feminism has attracted wide attention in Chinese academic circles. Taking the academic papers about Morrison from CNKI as the data source, this study applies CiteSpace III, a visualization...
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Misrepresentation, Resistance and (Re) Constructing Space in the Plays of Bate Besong and Ngugi Wa Thiong’o and Micere Gathae Mugo
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
233-239
Received:
24 May 2020
Accepted:
15 June 2020
Published:
4 July 2020
Abstract: This paper examines resistance to both colonial and neo-colonial oppression, exploitation, dictatorship and marginalisation as an authorial ideology in the plays of Bate Besong, Ngugi Wa Thiong’o and Micere Gathae Mugo. In an attempt to (re) construct their misrepresented identities and create a conducive environment for the oppressed and marginalised masses, the playwrights create in their plays, characters whose principal objectives are to radically dismantle all forms of socio-cultural, economic and historical inequalities as an attempt to emancipate themselves and the masses from the excesses of colonial and neo-colonial leadership politics. Consequently, resistance is projected in the plays under study as an ancestral imperative, a social expectation and a pressing personal need towards reconstructing space for the postcolonial masses. From a Marxist and Postcolonial theoretical paradigms, this paper sustains the argument that in the plays of Besong, Ngugi and Micere, there is a radical and contestatory content and this is initiated by the kind of nauseating images and stereotypical representations given to the oppressed masses by colonial and neo-colonial leadership. The analysis in this paper reveals that resistance becomes a pivotal alternative and a condition sine qua non for the Anglophone Cameroonian and Kenyan masses to liberate their societies from the bondage imposed by colonialist in partnership with the neo-colonialist. As a result, resistance as an ideology becomes unavoidable towards deconstruction, deligitimacy and reassertion of the historical and cultural identities of the postcolonial people.
Abstract: This paper examines resistance to both colonial and neo-colonial oppression, exploitation, dictatorship and marginalisation as an authorial ideology in the plays of Bate Besong, Ngugi Wa Thiong’o and Micere Gathae Mugo. In an attempt to (re) construct their misrepresented identities and create a conducive environment for the oppressed and marginali...
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Nationalism in Lin Shu’s Translation of Haggard’s Adventure Stories
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
240-244
Received:
15 June 2020
Accepted:
2 July 2020
Published:
6 July 2020
Abstract: Sir Henry Rider Haggard’s adventure stories are the great and influential contributions in the numerous works in Lin Shu’s translated novels, which are also popular in late Qing China. Moreover, the nationalism started from the late Qing period, which has great influence on the national renaissance in terms of dealing with the national crisis and inspiring the national spirits or reform and exploration. In practice, the translation works have great contribution, among which Lin Shu’s fiction translation is of highest value. His translation works are analyzed from the aspects of source text selection, translation principle and skills. As a translator, Lin interfered with the original text by his prefaces and epilogues in the process of translation. It is necessary to discuss reasons why Lin Shu translated large amount of Haggard’s adventure stories from the perspective of nationalism on Lin’s sense of mission in translation during then society. It also tries to figure out the great influence and meaning of Lin’s translated novels from Haggard’s adventure stories in the academic circle of late Qing China.
Abstract: Sir Henry Rider Haggard’s adventure stories are the great and influential contributions in the numerous works in Lin Shu’s translated novels, which are also popular in late Qing China. Moreover, the nationalism started from the late Qing period, which has great influence on the national renaissance in terms of dealing with the national crisis and i...
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Implicature and Deixis of Novel Laskar Pelangi and Novel Mimpi-Mimpi Lintang by Andrea Hirata
Sitti Aida Azis,
Aziz Thaba,
Rukayah,
Abdul Kadir
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
245-254
Received:
20 June 2020
Accepted:
8 July 2020
Published:
17 July 2020
Abstract: The purpose of this study are; (1) Describe the implicatures contained in the Laskar Pelangi novel and the dreams of Lintang Maryamah Karpov by Andrea Hirata, (2) Describe deixis contained in the Laskar Pelangi novel and the dreams of Lintang Maryamah Karpov by Andrea Hirata. This research includes qualitative descriptive research. The focus of this research is identifying; (1) variety and form of implicature (2) variety of deixis. Data collection uses marking reading techniques and note taking techniques. Data analysis using the mindset includes; (1) data reduction, (2) presentation, and (3) data conclusions and verification. The results of this study, namely the variety of implicatures contained in the novel Laskar Pelangi by Andrea Hirata are divided into three, namely conventional implicatures, presupposition implicatures, and non-conventional implicatures. The various implicatures are then realized in four forms, namely sentence statements, command sentences, question sentences, and exclamation sentences. Similarly, the novel Laskar Pelangi novel by Andrea Hirata Maryamah Karpov was found to range and form the same implicatures. Deixis in the novel Laskar Pelangi by Andrea Hirata can be divided into five, namely individual deixis, place deixis, time deixis, discourse deixis, and social deixis. Individual deixis is divided into two, namely the first person deixis and the third person deixis. Deixis place is divided into three, namely proximal deixis, semiproximal deixis, and distal deixis. Deixis time divided into three namely deixis plainly past, deixis present, and future deixis. Discourse deixis is divided into two, namely anaphora deixis and katafora deixis. Social deixis is divided into two, namely deixis euphemism and deixis of honorifics. The five deixis are also found in Maryamah Karpov's novel. But, in Maryamah Karpov's novel, the variety of katafora dixis is not found.
Abstract: The purpose of this study are; (1) Describe the implicatures contained in the Laskar Pelangi novel and the dreams of Lintang Maryamah Karpov by Andrea Hirata, (2) Describe deixis contained in the Laskar Pelangi novel and the dreams of Lintang Maryamah Karpov by Andrea Hirata. This research includes qualitative descriptive research. The focus of thi...
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The Transformation of Appropriation in Contemporary Art
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
255-258
Received:
21 June 2020
Accepted:
4 July 2020
Published:
28 July 2020
Abstract: Appropriation is one of the most commonly used techniques in contemporary art. It can be seen in various art forms, such as painting, sculpture, photography, video. Due to the emergence of appropriation, artists have great opportunities to lend fresh perspectives to pre-existing objects and images and can embody new sentiments in their creations. Since Marcel Duchamp’s ready-mades were introduced to the art world, they had considerable influence on the appropriation over the past 100 years. The first section of this study is to analyse the current situation of appropriation in contemporary art by comparing two ready-mades of Marcel Duchamp and Maurizio Cattelan. In the second section, the focus will be on the aesthetic transformation of appropriation, which encompasses ready-mades, signs and phenomena. Due to significant transformations, appropriation is not confined to artistic creations, and it can be seen in the production of popular culture. The last section of this study will investigate the influence of appropriation on popular culture by taking popular brand Supreme as an example. Addressing this transformation will enable a comprehensive understanding of how to use appropriation appropriately, helping creators to make full use of its merits, thus producing more emotional and meaningful works. This paper enable the author to reach the conclusion that excessive and inappropriate appropriations produce flawed works and can cultivate a misunderstanding of both the original works and the appropriation iteself.
Abstract: Appropriation is one of the most commonly used techniques in contemporary art. It can be seen in various art forms, such as painting, sculpture, photography, video. Due to the emergence of appropriation, artists have great opportunities to lend fresh perspectives to pre-existing objects and images and can embody new sentiments in their creations. S...
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A Survey on Chinese Elements of English Textbooks in Senior High School
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
259-271
Received:
22 June 2020
Accepted:
14 July 2020
Published:
4 August 2020
Abstract: In order to help senior middle school students and teachers have a better understanding of Chinese elements in the New Senior English for China (2017) (shortened as NSEFC) textbooks, and help teachers to increase their cultural awareness in English teaching and cultivate students’ cultural competence, this study analyzes the content, presentation forms and types of Chinese elements in NSEFC textbooks and takes survey research of questionnaires for students and teachers in two senior high schools. At the same time, the in-depth interview of qualitative research, 15 experts are interviewed to explore the understanding of Chinese elements, cultural awareness and cultural expectations in teaching and learning of users of textbooks. Finally, according to the discussion, some suggestions for English textbook editors and teachers will be proposed, namely Chinese elements are not systematically presented in English textbook, and lack of well designed for different level test on traditional Chinese culture. This will promote the further improvement revision of English textbook. It can also boost students’ motivation on Chinese elements culture-related content, which is conducive to enhance their cross cultural awareness and the goal of developing students’ cultural competence.
Abstract: In order to help senior middle school students and teachers have a better understanding of Chinese elements in the New Senior English for China (2017) (shortened as NSEFC) textbooks, and help teachers to increase their cultural awareness in English teaching and cultivate students’ cultural competence, this study analyzes the content, presentation f...
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