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Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment-Trickling Filter with Moringa oleifera Seeds for Improved Energy Recovery from Wastewater Treatment Plants in Malawi
Chimwemwe Mndelemani,
Yinling Song,
Fankai Wei,
Ya Chen
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, March 2018
Pages:
26-31
Received:
22 March 2018
Accepted:
15 April 2018
Published:
21 May 2018
Abstract: Only 10% of the population in Malawi has access to electricity and there is increasing surface water pollution especially in urban areas. This research was conducted with the objectives of improving electricity generation and reducing water pollution in Malawi. A chemically enhanced primary treatment-trickling filter (CEPT-TF) system with Moringa oleifera (MO) seeds as a coagulant is proposed for municipal wastewater (WW) treatment to achieve both objectives. CEPT improves energy recovery by increasing the proportion of captured raw COD whose anaerobic digestion gives higher CH4 yield than secondary COD. The COD removal efficiency of MO was investigated by conducting jar tests and COD tests using WW samples from three different WWTPs in Suzhou New District, China. The amount of energy recoverable was estimated using an equation derived from COD removal efficiencies and the stoichiometric relationships between COD and CH4. The results showed a COD removal efficiency of 74% with MO concentration of 50mg/l for 880mg/l COD which is an average COD for municipal WW in Malawi. It is found that the WWTPs in Malawi’s two big cities of Blantyre and Lilongwe have the potential of producing 9,781.86kWh/d of electricity. CEPT-TF will offer sustainable solutions in Malawi, MO can be planted on sites creating closed loop systems as it provides the coagulant and gets watered and nourished with the effluent from the WWTP.
Abstract: Only 10% of the population in Malawi has access to electricity and there is increasing surface water pollution especially in urban areas. This research was conducted with the objectives of improving electricity generation and reducing water pollution in Malawi. A chemically enhanced primary treatment-trickling filter (CEPT-TF) system with Moringa o...
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An Optimization Analysis on Testing Method for Cooking Oil Fumes Control Equipment in China
Jun-Xiao,
Lihua-Wang,
Yan-Liu,
Haien-Xiang
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, March 2018
Pages:
32-35
Received:
15 May 2018
Accepted:
31 May 2018
Published:
19 June 2018
Abstract: Cooking Oil fumes have become one of the most important pollutants in China's society. Oil fume purification equipment has emerged as the times require. China has issued inspection standards for the quality control of such products, but these standards have some drawbacks such as poor operation, low test accuracy, and poor data reproducibility. According to actual work experience, this method is based on the sampling process and the extraction solution. The recommendations for optimization of the air-tightness, air-tightness, exhaust emissions, and testing instruments are provided in 5 areas, which provide references for the quality inspection of such products.
Abstract: Cooking Oil fumes have become one of the most important pollutants in China's society. Oil fume purification equipment has emerged as the times require. China has issued inspection standards for the quality control of such products, but these standards have some drawbacks such as poor operation, low test accuracy, and poor data reproducibility. Acc...
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Hydrological Study Using SWAT and Global Weather, a Case Study in the Huai Khun Kaeo Watershed in Thailand
Sombat Chuenchooklin,
Udomporn Pangnakorn
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, March 2018
Pages:
36-41
Received:
20 June 2018
Published:
21 June 2018
Abstract: The Huai Khun Kaeo watershed was chosen to study the hydrological productions from 2007 to 2013. There is lack of the hydrological observation data which can be considered as the Prediction in Ungauged Basin (PUB). It locates between the Sakae Krang river basin in Uthai Thani and the Tha Chin river basin in Chai Nat provinces, Thailand. The soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) was applied for the simulation of the hydrological response unit productions based on the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) from global weather data. The results of daily streamflow from the model were compared to the observed data at the hydrological observation station downstream end of the watershed. The results showed the Nash and Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) of 0.10, correlation (R2) of 0.275, and the root mean square error (RSME) of 23.8 with a mean discharge of 11.0 cubic meters per second, respectively.
Abstract: The Huai Khun Kaeo watershed was chosen to study the hydrological productions from 2007 to 2013. There is lack of the hydrological observation data which can be considered as the Prediction in Ungauged Basin (PUB). It locates between the Sakae Krang river basin in Uthai Thani and the Tha Chin river basin in Chai Nat provinces, Thailand. The soil an...
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The Influences of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (SHMP) and Methyl Orange (MO) on Enzyme Hydrolysis of Excess Sludge
Cao Lu,
Xue Fei,
Liu Eryan,
Li Dengxing,
Asif Hussain,
Taimore Hussain
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, March 2018
Pages:
42-49
Received:
20 June 2018
Published:
21 June 2018
Abstract: The effect of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (SHMP) and Methyl Orange (MO) on the hydrolysis of sludge were investigated under the optimum condition of alkaline protease hydrolysis. The results showed that as the concentration of SHMP was increased, the content of Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand (SCOD), protein, and polysaccharide in the sludge hydrolysate gradually raised. When the concentration of SHMP was 0.1g/g·tss, the contents of SCOD, protein, and polysaccharide increased by 17.16%, 50%, and 9.72% respectively. With the increase of MO concentration, SCOD decreased gradually. When the concentration of SHMP was 0.02g/g·tss, the SCOD decreased by 10.3%. An increase of 13% in the protein content was noted, when the concentration was 0.02g/g·tss. On the contrary, there was a slight reduction of the polysaccharide content i.e. 2.4%. The concentration of the polysaccharide was found to be the lowest at the concentration of 0.002g/g·tss. From the aforementioned results combined with three-dimensional fluorescence map of sludge EPS, it was found that SHMP promoted the hydrolysis of sludge by alkaline protease and accelerated the dissolution of intracellular organic matter. Herein, the MO inhibited alkaline protease hydrolysis of sludge, which hindered the dissolution of intracellular organics.
Abstract: The effect of Sodium Hexametaphosphate (SHMP) and Methyl Orange (MO) on the hydrolysis of sludge were investigated under the optimum condition of alkaline protease hydrolysis. The results showed that as the concentration of SHMP was increased, the content of Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand (SCOD), protein, and polysaccharide in the sludge hydrolysat...
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Application of Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation for the Air Quality Assessment in the Selected Cities of China
Linan Yu,
Haiyang He,
Guoming Zhang
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, March 2018
Pages:
50-55
Received:
20 June 2018
Published:
21 June 2018
Abstract: In this research, the air quality of six selected cities in China are evaluated according to the air monitoring data. Air pollutants including SO2, NO2, PM10, PM2.5, CO and O3 are chose as air quality indicators and compared with the ambient air quality standards of China (GB3095-2012). Using the fuzzy theory, the fuzzy synthetic evaluation model are constructed, and the air quality of the six selected cities are evaluated. Results show that the air quality of Beijing, Tianjing, Taiyuan, Dalian, Wuhan and Kunming in the year of 2014 belong to the second level in the ambient air quality standards of China (GB3095-2012). The air quality of the cities also obey the order: Kunming > Dalian > Taiyuan > Beijing > Wuhan > Tianjing. It seems that PM2.5 and PM10 are the main pollutants in the atmosphere of the six selected cities. These results can help the environmental regulators to make the right policy in environmental management.
Abstract: In this research, the air quality of six selected cities in China are evaluated according to the air monitoring data. Air pollutants including SO2, NO2, PM10, PM2.5, CO and O3 are chose as air quality indicators and compared with the ambient air quality standards of China (GB3095-2012). Using the fuzzy theory, the fuzzy synthetic evaluation model a...
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Study on Geological Disaster Susceptibility in Nanyang and Xiangyang Basin
Yongpeng Fu,
Yiyong Li,
Bei Wang,
Lei Wang,
Xueping Li
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, March 2018
Pages:
56-62
Received:
20 June 2018
Published:
21 June 2018
Abstract: Nanyang and Xiangyang Basin is located in the east of Qinling Mountains and Daba Mountain, and the west of Dabie Mountain and Tongbai Mountain. Its north is the Funiu Mountain seated at the east end of Qinling Mountain, and the south is the east end of the Daba Mountains. The main geological environment problems in the area include collapse, landslides, ground fissure, high fluorine water, expansive soil etc. On the basis of collecting the data of geological environment in the basin area, the article regards Nanyang and Xiangyang Basin area and its surrounding area as research objects, and then builds the geological environment database of the study area through GIS platform. Based on the analysis of the factors that affect the geological disasters susceptibility in the study area, an evaluation index system of geological disaster susceptibility was established. The paper expounds the process and steps of applying analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to geological disaster susceptibility assessment, and uses this method (AHP) to establish the hierarchical analysis structural model and the judgment matrix of geological disaster susceptibility comprehensive evaluation, so as to determine the influence of geological disasters. The weight of degree factors establishes a mathematical model for the evaluation of susceptibility to catastrophic disasters in geological disasters and comprehensive evaluation of susceptibility to geology in regional geological disasters. Through using the evaluation module developed by MapGIS, the geological disaster susceptibility of the study area can be divided, and there are four zones: highly-prone area, mid-prone areas, low-prone areas, undeveloped area. This article analyzes the causes of geological disaster susceptibility in the study area, and the research results can provide the basis for geological environment management, planning and disaster prevention and reduction in the study area. At the same time, the reliability of the evaluation results is discussed by comparing the evaluation results with actual geological disasters.
Abstract: Nanyang and Xiangyang Basin is located in the east of Qinling Mountains and Daba Mountain, and the west of Dabie Mountain and Tongbai Mountain. Its north is the Funiu Mountain seated at the east end of Qinling Mountain, and the south is the east end of the Daba Mountains. The main geological environment problems in the area include collapse, landsl...
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