Production of Biogas and Electric Energy in the Rural Environment
Valente Ribeiro Muhongo,
Guido Joaquim Prego,
Agostinho Frederico Valentim
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, December 2022
Pages:
66-74
Received:
12 September 2022
Accepted:
3 November 2022
Published:
14 November 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijrse.20221104.11
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Abstract: Data from the Ministry of Energy and Water indicate that in Angola only 70% of the population has access to electricity, with rural areas being the least covered. The rural environment, however, has local energy resources that, once harnessed, can contribute to solving the problem of electricity production, as an essential asset for the production of goods and an increase in the population's standard of living. The fact that large amounts of cattle, goats, pigs and others are found in rural Angola, particularly in the various agricultural farms, biogas can be an alternative for generating energy in rural areas. The objective of this work is to show the possibility of producing biogas through animal manure to use it as fuel for heat production and for engines and consequently the generation of electricity. Finally, encourage the country to obtain energy through this route. The methodology used was the bibliographic review carried out within the scope of the project “Construction and experimentation of biogas energy installations for rural territories. Case study: Bairro Caimama located in Plantações da Ganda, municipality of Ganda, province of Benguela, Angola”, which served as support for the discussion and even the necessary understanding of the biodigester being a fundamental part for the production of biogas, as well as the elaboration of the final project for the Mechanical Engineering Degree. In the project, necessary calculations are made for the production of biogas from cow manure to later be used to operate the motor-generator, with the possibility of burning the biogas for cooking food. The motor-generator produces electrical energy that would be sent to the local grid for consumption. The operation of the engine-generator with biogas replaces the use of fossil fuels, which in fact represents a very high cost center for the localities. In addition to the high costs of fossil fuels that are reduced to zero with the production of biogas, the production of biofertilizer in this process is also highlighted, which can be used for crops on farms, thus providing greater productivity in the fields and constituting another gain. Thus, the rural environment will solve the problem of waste management using the biodigester and gaining with lower fuel, energy and biofertilizer costs.
Abstract: Data from the Ministry of Energy and Water indicate that in Angola only 70% of the population has access to electricity, with rural areas being the least covered. The rural environment, however, has local energy resources that, once harnessed, can contribute to solving the problem of electricity production, as an essential asset for the production ...
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Case Analysis of the Optical Parameters of Thermal Solar Flat-Plate Collector on Heat Fluid Transfer and Pressure
Serigne Thiao,
Awa Mar,
Omar Drame,
Diouma Kobor,
Issakha Youm
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, December 2022
Pages:
75-83
Received:
14 November 2022
Accepted:
29 November 2022
Published:
15 December 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijrse.20221104.12
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Abstract: Solar thermal collectors are the key component of active solar cooling/heating systems. This article presents a theoretical study to evaluate the effects of optical parameters such as the transmission coefficient of the glass on the outlet temperature of heat transfer fluid. We have therefore developed a detailed model for flat plate solar collectors where a detailed analysis of the effects of parameters such as glass cover thickness and transmission coefficient will be analyzed. To simplify our study, we have considered an area of flat solar collector approximately equal to 1m2. A numerical procedure is implemented to obtain the solution for the nonlinear set of equations representing the mathematical model. A computational fluid dynamic program with ANSYS is adapted to simulate the outlet temperatures of the heat transfer fluid as function of the glass cover thickness and the optical parameters. The effects of the glass cover thickness and optical parameters such as transmission coefficients on the outlet temperatures of the heat transfer fluid are analyzed. The results obtained show that the optimal thickness and the optimal transmission coefficient of the glass are respectively 6 mm and 0.9. We have also shown that for good resistance to pressure, the optical transmission coefficient must be equal to 0.9. The outlet temperature of the heat transfer fluid can reach 75°C, therefore able to meet our drying and solar heating needs.
Abstract: Solar thermal collectors are the key component of active solar cooling/heating systems. This article presents a theoretical study to evaluate the effects of optical parameters such as the transmission coefficient of the glass on the outlet temperature of heat transfer fluid. We have therefore developed a detailed model for flat plate solar collecto...
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