Remote Sensing Based Estimation of Evapo-Transpiration Using Selected Algorithms: The Case of Wonji Shoa Sugar Cane Estate, Ethiopia
Mulugeta Genanu,
Tena Alamirew,
Gabriel Senay,
Mekonnen Gebremichael
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, February 2017
Pages:
1-13
Received:
27 November 2016
Accepted:
10 December 2016
Published:
22 March 2017
Abstract: Remote sensing datasets are increasingly being used to provide spatially explicit large scale evapotranspiration (ET) estimates. The focus of this study was to estimate and thematically map on a pixel-by-pixel basis, the actual evapotranspiration (ETa) of the Wonji Shoa Sugarcane Estate using the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL), Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) and Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) algorithms. The results obtained revealed that the ranges of the daily ETa estimated on January 25, February 26, September 06 and October 08, 2002 using SEBAL were 0.0 - 6.85, 0.0 – 9.36, 0.0 – 3.61, 0.0 – 6.83 mm/day; using SSEB 0.0 - 6.78, 0.0 – 7.81, 0.0 – 3.65, 0.0 – 6.46 mm/day, and SSEBop were 0.05 - 8.25, 0.0 – 8.82, 0.2 – 4.0, 0.0 – 7.40 mm/day, respectively. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values between SSEB and SEBAL, SSEBop and SEBAL, and SSEB and SSEBop were 0.548, 0.548, and 0.99 for January 25, 2002; 0.739, 0.753, and 0.994 for February 26, 2002;0.847, 0.846, and 0.999 for September 06, 2002; 0.573, 0.573, and 1.00 for October 08, 2002, respectively. The standard deviation of ETa over the sugarcane estate showed high spatio-temporal variability perhaps due to soil moisture variability and surface cover. The three algorithm results showed that well watered sugarcane fields in the mid-season growing stage of the crop had higher ETa values compared with the other dry agricultural fields confirming that they consumptively use more water. Generally during the dry season, ETa is limited to water surplus areas only and in wet season, ETa was high throughout the entire sugarcane estate. The evaporation fraction (ETrF) results also followed the same pattern as the daily ETa over the sugarcane estate. The total crop and irrigation water requirement and effective rainfall estimated using the Cropwat model were 2468.8, 2061.6 and 423.8 mm/yr for January 2001 planted and 2281.9, 1851.0 and 437.8 mm/yr for March 2001 planted sugarcanes, respectively. The mean annual ETa estimated for the whole estate were 107 Mm3, 140 Mm3, and 178 Mm3 using SEBAL, SSEB, and SSEBop, respectively. Even though the algorithms should be validated through field observation, they have potential to be used for effective estimation of ET in the sugarcane estate.
Abstract: Remote sensing datasets are increasingly being used to provide spatially explicit large scale evapotranspiration (ET) estimates. The focus of this study was to estimate and thematically map on a pixel-by-pixel basis, the actual evapotranspiration (ETa) of the Wonji Shoa Sugarcane Estate using the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL), S...
Show More
Energy Consumption and Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks Applications in Smart Cities: Simulation for Urban Mobility
Mustapha Kabrane,
Salah-Ddine Krit,
Lahoucine El Maimouni,
Hassan Oudani,
Kaoutar Bendaoud,
Mohamed Elasikri,
Khaoula Karimi,
Hicham El Bousty
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, February 2017
Pages:
14-21
Received:
19 March 2017
Accepted:
5 April 2017
Published:
24 April 2017
Abstract: From now to 2030, the world urban mobility will increase by 50%. This increase will be mainly performed in developing countries which already suffer from congestion traffic especially in large cities where road traffic reaches a high density. This situation leads to a serious impact on the economic and social growth. The urban traffic management has become an essential factor. Within the framework of a Moroccan city like Casablanca (1.5 million vehicles a day run there ), an efficient road traffic management turns to be necessary so as to solve the serious problem of traffic jams and to decrease the problem of traffic jams and improve the fluidity of the road traffic. We are settling intelligent systems transport (IST) such as the case of smart cities. The traffic simulation is a better way to evaluate a road traffic network. The latter is simulated by using two simulators, Green Light district (GLD) and Simulator Urban Mobility (SUMO). We have been working with an Open Street Map in the SUMO traffic, in order to get closer to reality. This study describes a low cost and energy saving urban monitoring mobility system based on wireless sensor networks (WSNs ). Simulation results show that our suggested algorithm is efficacious and practical in different cases; it could reduce the number of packages sent from each sensor placed on the track. This proposed solution provides the sensor networks with a longer lifetime of sensor networks:by reducing its energy consumption.
Abstract: From now to 2030, the world urban mobility will increase by 50%. This increase will be mainly performed in developing countries which already suffer from congestion traffic especially in large cities where road traffic reaches a high density. This situation leads to a serious impact on the economic and social growth. The urban traffic management ha...
Show More
