Two composting systems: passive aerated system, horizontal-vertical system; active aerated system, turned windrow system was designed, constructed and studied for thirteen weeks to compare the maturity and safety of compost processed in them. Waste materials with the following percentage composition: river reed (75%), clay (10%), banana stalk / stem (5%), cow manure / dung (4%), rice chaff (4%), cocoa seed husk (1%), and poultry manure (1%) was processed in the two different systems. Compost materials were weekly sampled from top, bottom and mid portions of the compost masses in each of the systems and bulked to constitute a representative sample for the respective systems. From the weekly representative samples for the two systems, 5g subsamples were used for the determination of the germination index and microbial load for the compost masses. However temperature readings of the compost masses in both systems were recorded insitu daily at three different points using a long stem thermometer and the their respective averages used as the weekly readings for the systems. Temperature and the germination indices of composts processed in the two systems were used as parameters to assess the maturity; and the microbial load and its survival to assess the safety of the compost churned out. There were significant differences in the temperatures recorded in the two different systems during the composting period (p-value = 4.75 x 10-7, at α = 0.05). The total viable counts recorded in HV and TW ranged between 6.90 - 7.75logCFU/g of compost and 7.11–7.79logCFU/g of compost respectively which were significantly different (p-value = 0.027, at α = 0.05). The total fungi counts recorded in HV and T-W ranged between 1.11 – 2.32logCFU/g of compost and 1.68 - 2.40logCFU/g of compost respectively. Compost masses in all the systems had germination indices more than 150%.T-W had a higher rate of decomposition and maturity comparatively, hence a better composting system based on compost maturity. Penicillium spp. survived the process and it is known to produces mycotoxins which cause illnesses in humans. It is recommended that compost end-users, farmers, and producers use protectives and observe good hygiene in order to safeguard their health.
| Published in | International Journal of Science, Technology and Society (Volume 3, Issue 4) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijsts.20150304.24 |
| Page(s) | 202-209 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Passive Aerated Systems, Active Aerated Systems, Germination Index, Maturity
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APA Style
Kutsanedzie F., Ofori V., Diaba K. S. (2015). Maturity and Safety of Compost Processed in HV and TW Composting Systems. International Journal of Science, Technology and Society, 3(4), 202-209. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20150304.24
ACS Style
Kutsanedzie F.; Ofori V.; Diaba K. S. Maturity and Safety of Compost Processed in HV and TW Composting Systems. Int. J. Sci. Technol. Soc. 2015, 3(4), 202-209. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsts.20150304.24
AMA Style
Kutsanedzie F., Ofori V., Diaba K. S. Maturity and Safety of Compost Processed in HV and TW Composting Systems. Int J Sci Technol Soc. 2015;3(4):202-209. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsts.20150304.24
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ijsts.20150304.24,
author = {Kutsanedzie F. and Ofori V. and Diaba K. S.},
title = {Maturity and Safety of Compost Processed in HV and TW Composting Systems},
journal = {International Journal of Science, Technology and Society},
volume = {3},
number = {4},
pages = {202-209},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijsts.20150304.24},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20150304.24},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijsts.20150304.24},
abstract = {Two composting systems: passive aerated system, horizontal-vertical system; active aerated system, turned windrow system was designed, constructed and studied for thirteen weeks to compare the maturity and safety of compost processed in them. Waste materials with the following percentage composition: river reed (75%), clay (10%), banana stalk / stem (5%), cow manure / dung (4%), rice chaff (4%), cocoa seed husk (1%), and poultry manure (1%) was processed in the two different systems. Compost materials were weekly sampled from top, bottom and mid portions of the compost masses in each of the systems and bulked to constitute a representative sample for the respective systems. From the weekly representative samples for the two systems, 5g subsamples were used for the determination of the germination index and microbial load for the compost masses. However temperature readings of the compost masses in both systems were recorded insitu daily at three different points using a long stem thermometer and the their respective averages used as the weekly readings for the systems. Temperature and the germination indices of composts processed in the two systems were used as parameters to assess the maturity; and the microbial load and its survival to assess the safety of the compost churned out. There were significant differences in the temperatures recorded in the two different systems during the composting period (p-value = 4.75 x 10-7, at α = 0.05). The total viable counts recorded in HV and TW ranged between 6.90 - 7.75logCFU/g of compost and 7.11–7.79logCFU/g of compost respectively which were significantly different (p-value = 0.027, at α = 0.05). The total fungi counts recorded in HV and T-W ranged between 1.11 – 2.32logCFU/g of compost and 1.68 - 2.40logCFU/g of compost respectively. Compost masses in all the systems had germination indices more than 150%.T-W had a higher rate of decomposition and maturity comparatively, hence a better composting system based on compost maturity. Penicillium spp. survived the process and it is known to produces mycotoxins which cause illnesses in humans. It is recommended that compost end-users, farmers, and producers use protectives and observe good hygiene in order to safeguard their health.},
year = {2015}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Maturity and Safety of Compost Processed in HV and TW Composting Systems AU - Kutsanedzie F. AU - Ofori V. AU - Diaba K. S. Y1 - 2015/07/14 PY - 2015 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20150304.24 DO - 10.11648/j.ijsts.20150304.24 T2 - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society JF - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society JO - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society SP - 202 EP - 209 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-7420 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20150304.24 AB - Two composting systems: passive aerated system, horizontal-vertical system; active aerated system, turned windrow system was designed, constructed and studied for thirteen weeks to compare the maturity and safety of compost processed in them. Waste materials with the following percentage composition: river reed (75%), clay (10%), banana stalk / stem (5%), cow manure / dung (4%), rice chaff (4%), cocoa seed husk (1%), and poultry manure (1%) was processed in the two different systems. Compost materials were weekly sampled from top, bottom and mid portions of the compost masses in each of the systems and bulked to constitute a representative sample for the respective systems. From the weekly representative samples for the two systems, 5g subsamples were used for the determination of the germination index and microbial load for the compost masses. However temperature readings of the compost masses in both systems were recorded insitu daily at three different points using a long stem thermometer and the their respective averages used as the weekly readings for the systems. Temperature and the germination indices of composts processed in the two systems were used as parameters to assess the maturity; and the microbial load and its survival to assess the safety of the compost churned out. There were significant differences in the temperatures recorded in the two different systems during the composting period (p-value = 4.75 x 10-7, at α = 0.05). The total viable counts recorded in HV and TW ranged between 6.90 - 7.75logCFU/g of compost and 7.11–7.79logCFU/g of compost respectively which were significantly different (p-value = 0.027, at α = 0.05). The total fungi counts recorded in HV and T-W ranged between 1.11 – 2.32logCFU/g of compost and 1.68 - 2.40logCFU/g of compost respectively. Compost masses in all the systems had germination indices more than 150%.T-W had a higher rate of decomposition and maturity comparatively, hence a better composting system based on compost maturity. Penicillium spp. survived the process and it is known to produces mycotoxins which cause illnesses in humans. It is recommended that compost end-users, farmers, and producers use protectives and observe good hygiene in order to safeguard their health. VL - 3 IS - 4 ER -
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