Comparative Efficacy of Different Insecticides Against Cucurbit Fruit Fly <i>(Bactrocera cucurbitae)</i> on Bottle Gourd <i>(Lagenaria siceraria) </i>in Sarlahi District, Nepal

Manish Gautam; Susan Poudel; Nishchal Dhungana; Nabin Bhusal

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.11

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Comparative Efficacy of Different Insecticides Against Cucurbit Fruit Fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae) on Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) in Sarlahi District, Nepal

Manish Gautam, Susan Poudel, Nishchal Dhungana, Nabin Bhusal

Published in International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management (Volume 6, Issue 2)

Received: 27 March 2021 Accepted: 14 April 2021 Published: 14 May 2021

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Abstract

The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the comparative efficacy of different Insecticides against cucurbit fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae in Bottle Gourd laid out at farmer’s field in Sarlahi district. The research was designed under RCBD with 6 treatments (T1 = Spinosad @ 200ml/ha, T2 = Dichlorovos 76% EC @2ml/litre water, T3 = Lambda cyhalothrin 5% EC @ 1-2 ml/litre water, T4 = Jholmal @10ml/ litre water, T5 = Multineem (Azadirachtin 0.03%) @ 10ml/ litre water and T6 = Control (water spray) and 3 replications accommodating 12 plants in each plot. The insecticides were applied as first, second, and third sprays at pre-set, post-set, and harvest stage of Bottle Gourd in 10 days intervals between each spray and data collection being done on 3^rd, 7^th, and 10^th day after each spray. The results showed significant variation for studied traits. The maximum number of fruit fly per plant was 8.40 (10DAS-III) during the experiment. Cucurbit fruit flies preferred young fruits and flowers for oviposition and the results obtained high pre-set damage of 43.85% (10DAS-I) and post-set damage of 68.14% (10DAS-II). The highest fruit infestation was 52.41% & 53.71% based on number and weight respectively under control treatment. Under Spinosad treatment, the lowest insect population (1.33 at 3DAS-III) was obtained with least pre-set damage, post-set damage, and minimum fruit infestation of the insect by number (27.29%) and weight (25.90%) followed by Dichlorovos and Lambda-cyhalothrin for similar traits. While, Jholmal and Azadirachtin were inferior in controlling the fruit fly population and reducing the infestation at pre-set, post-set, and harvest stage. However, Azadirachtin and Lambda-cyhalothrin were on par in terms of post-set damage (46.32% and 47.50%), respectively. The results revealed that Spinosad is the best bio-pesticide against Cucurbit fruit fly in Bottle Gourd with Dichlorovos and Lambda-cyhalothrin next in order while Jholmal and Azadirachtin offered a better quality of fruits and higher yield in Bottle Gourd. While chemical insecticides may seem effective for short term, we must opt to use eco-friendly pesticides/botanicals such as Spinosad, Jholmal and Azadirachtin for pest management and thus further study is required to explore the comparative efficacy of bio-pesticides/botanicals against chemical insecticides for fruit fly management in Bottle Gourd.

Published in	International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management (Volume 6, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.11
Page(s)	27-37
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cucurbit Fruit Fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae, Spinosad, Insecticides, Jholmal

References

[1]	Balas, T., Virani, V., & Parekh, K. (2018). Comparative efficacy of different insecticides against fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillet) on cucumber. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 6(4).
[2]	MoALD. (2011/12-2017/18). Statistical Informaion on Nepalese Agriculture. Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development.
[3]	Sohrab, Hasan, & Prasad. (2018). Investigation on Level of Infestation and Management of Cucurbit Fruit Fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) in Different Cucurbit Crops. International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscienece.
[4]	Dhillon, M., Singh, R., Naresh, J., & Sharma, H. (2005). The melon fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae: A review of its biology and management. Journal of Insect Science.
[5]	Nath, P., & Bhushan, S. (2006). Screening of cucurbit crops against fruit fly. Annals of Plant Protection Sciences, 14 (2).
[6]	Srinivasan, P. (1959). Guard your Bitter Gourd against the fruit fly. Indian Farming, 9(8).
[7]	Lall, B., & Singh, B. (1969). Studies on the biology and control of melon fly, Dacus cucurbitae (Coq.) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Labdev Journal of Science and Technology.
[8]	Maharjan, R., Regmi, R., & Poudel, K. (2015). Monitoring and varietal screening cucurbit fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett (Diptera: Tephritidae) on cucumber in Bhaktapur and Kathmandu, Nepal. International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, 3 (4), 714-720.
[9]	Bharadiya, A., & Bhut, J. (2017). Effect of different insecticides against fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett infesting sponge gourd. International Journal of Chemical Studies, 5(5).
[10]	Sarker, N. C. (2017). Incidence and Damage Severity of Chewing Insect and Pests and Fruit Fly on Bottle Gourd and their Managements. Department of Entomology. Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University.
[11]	Shivangi, Lekha, & Swami, H. (2017). Bio-intensive management of fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett.) in cucumber. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 5 (3).
[12]	Sapkota, R., Dahal, K., & Thapa, R. (2010). Damage assessment and management of cucurbit fruit flies in spring-summer squash. International Journal of Nematology and Entomology, 1 (4).
[13]	Mir, S. H., & Mir, G. M. (2015). Evaluation of Neem Seed Kernel Extract for the Management of Melon Fly, Bactrocera Cucurbitae Coquillett in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). 11(1).
[14]	Ferdousi, S. A. (2017). Effectiveness of traps and insecticides for the management of cucurbit fruit fly.
[15]	Pradhan, M. (1977). Relative susceptibilities of some vegetables grown in Kathmandu Valley to Dacus cucurbitae Coq. Nepalese Journal of Agriculture.
[16]	Lad, S. S., Naik, K. V., & Golvankar, G. M. (2020). Efficacy of some insecticides against melon fruit fly, bactrocera spp. on Bitter Gourd. Journal of Experimental Zoology, India, 23(1), 635-641.
[17]	Abrol, D., Gupta, D., & Sharma, I. (2019). Evaluation of insecticides, biopesticides and clay for the management of fruit fly, Bactrocera spp. infesting Bottle Gourd. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 7 (1), 311-314.
[18]	Sawai, H., Godse, S., Narangalkar, A., Haldankar, P., & Sanas, A. (2014). Bio efficacy of some insecticides against fruit flies infesting ridge gourd. J. Soils and Crops.
[19]	Iqbal, A. (2018). Efficacy of Different Ecofriendly Management Practices in Controlling Cucurbit Fruit Fly on Bitter Gourd.
[20]	Rajapakse, R., & Ratnasekera, D. (2007). The Management of the Major Insect Pests Bactocera cucurbilae (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Aulacaphora spp.(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Cucurbits in Southern Sri Lanka under Three Intensive Systems: Integrated, Chemical and Organic Agriculture. Acta Horticulturae.
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Manish Gautam, Susan Poudel, Nishchal Dhungana, Nabin Bhusal. (2021). Comparative Efficacy of Different Insecticides Against Cucurbit Fruit Fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae) on Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) in Sarlahi District, Nepal. International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, 6(2), 27-37. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.11

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ACS Style

Manish Gautam; Susan Poudel; Nishchal Dhungana; Nabin Bhusal. Comparative Efficacy of Different Insecticides Against Cucurbit Fruit Fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae) on Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) in Sarlahi District, Nepal. Int. J. Nat. Resour. Ecol. Manag. 2021, 6(2), 27-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.11

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AMA Style

Manish Gautam, Susan Poudel, Nishchal Dhungana, Nabin Bhusal. Comparative Efficacy of Different Insecticides Against Cucurbit Fruit Fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae) on Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) in Sarlahi District, Nepal. Int J Nat Resour Ecol Manag. 2021;6(2):27-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.11,
  author = {Manish Gautam and Susan Poudel and Nishchal Dhungana and Nabin Bhusal},
  title = {Comparative Efficacy of Different Insecticides Against Cucurbit Fruit Fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae) on Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) in Sarlahi District, Nepal},
  journal = {International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {27-37},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnrem.20210602.11},
  abstract = {The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the comparative efficacy of different Insecticides against cucurbit fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae in Bottle Gourd laid out at farmer’s field in Sarlahi district. The research was designed under RCBD with 6 treatments (T1 = Spinosad @ 200ml/ha, T2 = Dichlorovos 76% EC @2ml/litre water, T3 = Lambda cyhalothrin 5% EC @ 1-2 ml/litre water, T4 = Jholmal @10ml/ litre water, T5 = Multineem (Azadirachtin 0.03%) @ 10ml/ litre water and T6 = Control (water spray) and 3 replications accommodating 12 plants in each plot. The insecticides were applied as first, second, and third sprays at pre-set, post-set, and harvest stage of Bottle Gourd in 10 days intervals between each spray and data collection being done on 3rd, 7th, and 10th day after each spray. The results showed significant variation for studied traits. The maximum number of fruit fly per plant was 8.40 (10DAS-III) during the experiment. Cucurbit fruit flies preferred young fruits and flowers for oviposition and the results obtained high pre-set damage of 43.85% (10DAS-I) and post-set damage of 68.14% (10DAS-II). The highest fruit infestation was 52.41% & 53.71% based on number and weight respectively under control treatment. Under Spinosad treatment, the lowest insect population (1.33 at 3DAS-III) was obtained with least pre-set damage, post-set damage, and minimum fruit infestation of the insect by number (27.29%) and weight (25.90%) followed by Dichlorovos and Lambda-cyhalothrin for similar traits. While, Jholmal and Azadirachtin were inferior in controlling the fruit fly population and reducing the infestation at pre-set, post-set, and harvest stage. However, Azadirachtin and Lambda-cyhalothrin were on par in terms of post-set damage (46.32% and 47.50%), respectively. The results revealed that Spinosad is the best bio-pesticide against Cucurbit fruit fly in Bottle Gourd with Dichlorovos and Lambda-cyhalothrin next in order while Jholmal and Azadirachtin offered a better quality of fruits and higher yield in Bottle Gourd. While chemical insecticides may seem effective for short term, we must opt to use eco-friendly pesticides/botanicals such as Spinosad, Jholmal and Azadirachtin for pest management and thus further study is required to explore the comparative efficacy of bio-pesticides/botanicals against chemical insecticides for fruit fly management in Bottle Gourd.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparative Efficacy of Different Insecticides Against Cucurbit Fruit Fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae) on Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) in Sarlahi District, Nepal
AU  - Manish Gautam
AU  - Susan Poudel
AU  - Nishchal Dhungana
AU  - Nabin Bhusal
Y1  - 2021/05/14
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.11
T2  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
JF  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
JO  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
SP  - 27
EP  - 37
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-3061
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.11
AB  - The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the comparative efficacy of different Insecticides against cucurbit fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae in Bottle Gourd laid out at farmer’s field in Sarlahi district. The research was designed under RCBD with 6 treatments (T1 = Spinosad @ 200ml/ha, T2 = Dichlorovos 76% EC @2ml/litre water, T3 = Lambda cyhalothrin 5% EC @ 1-2 ml/litre water, T4 = Jholmal @10ml/ litre water, T5 = Multineem (Azadirachtin 0.03%) @ 10ml/ litre water and T6 = Control (water spray) and 3 replications accommodating 12 plants in each plot. The insecticides were applied as first, second, and third sprays at pre-set, post-set, and harvest stage of Bottle Gourd in 10 days intervals between each spray and data collection being done on 3rd, 7th, and 10th day after each spray. The results showed significant variation for studied traits. The maximum number of fruit fly per plant was 8.40 (10DAS-III) during the experiment. Cucurbit fruit flies preferred young fruits and flowers for oviposition and the results obtained high pre-set damage of 43.85% (10DAS-I) and post-set damage of 68.14% (10DAS-II). The highest fruit infestation was 52.41% & 53.71% based on number and weight respectively under control treatment. Under Spinosad treatment, the lowest insect population (1.33 at 3DAS-III) was obtained with least pre-set damage, post-set damage, and minimum fruit infestation of the insect by number (27.29%) and weight (25.90%) followed by Dichlorovos and Lambda-cyhalothrin for similar traits. While, Jholmal and Azadirachtin were inferior in controlling the fruit fly population and reducing the infestation at pre-set, post-set, and harvest stage. However, Azadirachtin and Lambda-cyhalothrin were on par in terms of post-set damage (46.32% and 47.50%), respectively. The results revealed that Spinosad is the best bio-pesticide against Cucurbit fruit fly in Bottle Gourd with Dichlorovos and Lambda-cyhalothrin next in order while Jholmal and Azadirachtin offered a better quality of fruits and higher yield in Bottle Gourd. While chemical insecticides may seem effective for short term, we must opt to use eco-friendly pesticides/botanicals such as Spinosad, Jholmal and Azadirachtin for pest management and thus further study is required to explore the comparative efficacy of bio-pesticides/botanicals against chemical insecticides for fruit fly management in Bottle Gourd.
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Manish Gautam

Faculty of Agriculture, Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal
Susan Poudel

Faculty of Agriculture, Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal
Nishchal Dhungana

Faculty of Agriculture, Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal
Nabin Bhusal

Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur Chitwan, Nepal

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Manish Gautam, Susan Poudel, Nishchal Dhungana, Nabin Bhusal. (2021). Comparative Efficacy of Different Insecticides Against Cucurbit Fruit Fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae) on Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) in Sarlahi District, Nepal. International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, 6(2), 27-37. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.11

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ACS Style

Manish Gautam; Susan Poudel; Nishchal Dhungana; Nabin Bhusal. Comparative Efficacy of Different Insecticides Against Cucurbit Fruit Fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae) on Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) in Sarlahi District, Nepal. Int. J. Nat. Resour. Ecol. Manag. 2021, 6(2), 27-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.11

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AMA Style

Manish Gautam, Susan Poudel, Nishchal Dhungana, Nabin Bhusal. Comparative Efficacy of Different Insecticides Against Cucurbit Fruit Fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae) on Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) in Sarlahi District, Nepal. Int J Nat Resour Ecol Manag. 2021;6(2):27-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.11,
  author = {Manish Gautam and Susan Poudel and Nishchal Dhungana and Nabin Bhusal},
  title = {Comparative Efficacy of Different Insecticides Against Cucurbit Fruit Fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae) on Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) in Sarlahi District, Nepal},
  journal = {International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {27-37},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnrem.20210602.11},
  abstract = {The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the comparative efficacy of different Insecticides against cucurbit fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae in Bottle Gourd laid out at farmer’s field in Sarlahi district. The research was designed under RCBD with 6 treatments (T1 = Spinosad @ 200ml/ha, T2 = Dichlorovos 76% EC @2ml/litre water, T3 = Lambda cyhalothrin 5% EC @ 1-2 ml/litre water, T4 = Jholmal @10ml/ litre water, T5 = Multineem (Azadirachtin 0.03%) @ 10ml/ litre water and T6 = Control (water spray) and 3 replications accommodating 12 plants in each plot. The insecticides were applied as first, second, and third sprays at pre-set, post-set, and harvest stage of Bottle Gourd in 10 days intervals between each spray and data collection being done on 3rd, 7th, and 10th day after each spray. The results showed significant variation for studied traits. The maximum number of fruit fly per plant was 8.40 (10DAS-III) during the experiment. Cucurbit fruit flies preferred young fruits and flowers for oviposition and the results obtained high pre-set damage of 43.85% (10DAS-I) and post-set damage of 68.14% (10DAS-II). The highest fruit infestation was 52.41% & 53.71% based on number and weight respectively under control treatment. Under Spinosad treatment, the lowest insect population (1.33 at 3DAS-III) was obtained with least pre-set damage, post-set damage, and minimum fruit infestation of the insect by number (27.29%) and weight (25.90%) followed by Dichlorovos and Lambda-cyhalothrin for similar traits. While, Jholmal and Azadirachtin were inferior in controlling the fruit fly population and reducing the infestation at pre-set, post-set, and harvest stage. However, Azadirachtin and Lambda-cyhalothrin were on par in terms of post-set damage (46.32% and 47.50%), respectively. The results revealed that Spinosad is the best bio-pesticide against Cucurbit fruit fly in Bottle Gourd with Dichlorovos and Lambda-cyhalothrin next in order while Jholmal and Azadirachtin offered a better quality of fruits and higher yield in Bottle Gourd. While chemical insecticides may seem effective for short term, we must opt to use eco-friendly pesticides/botanicals such as Spinosad, Jholmal and Azadirachtin for pest management and thus further study is required to explore the comparative efficacy of bio-pesticides/botanicals against chemical insecticides for fruit fly management in Bottle Gourd.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparative Efficacy of Different Insecticides Against Cucurbit Fruit Fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae) on Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) in Sarlahi District, Nepal
AU  - Manish Gautam
AU  - Susan Poudel
AU  - Nishchal Dhungana
AU  - Nabin Bhusal
Y1  - 2021/05/14
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.11
T2  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
JF  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
JO  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
SP  - 27
EP  - 37
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-3061
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.11
AB  - The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the comparative efficacy of different Insecticides against cucurbit fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae in Bottle Gourd laid out at farmer’s field in Sarlahi district. The research was designed under RCBD with 6 treatments (T1 = Spinosad @ 200ml/ha, T2 = Dichlorovos 76% EC @2ml/litre water, T3 = Lambda cyhalothrin 5% EC @ 1-2 ml/litre water, T4 = Jholmal @10ml/ litre water, T5 = Multineem (Azadirachtin 0.03%) @ 10ml/ litre water and T6 = Control (water spray) and 3 replications accommodating 12 plants in each plot. The insecticides were applied as first, second, and third sprays at pre-set, post-set, and harvest stage of Bottle Gourd in 10 days intervals between each spray and data collection being done on 3rd, 7th, and 10th day after each spray. The results showed significant variation for studied traits. The maximum number of fruit fly per plant was 8.40 (10DAS-III) during the experiment. Cucurbit fruit flies preferred young fruits and flowers for oviposition and the results obtained high pre-set damage of 43.85% (10DAS-I) and post-set damage of 68.14% (10DAS-II). The highest fruit infestation was 52.41% & 53.71% based on number and weight respectively under control treatment. Under Spinosad treatment, the lowest insect population (1.33 at 3DAS-III) was obtained with least pre-set damage, post-set damage, and minimum fruit infestation of the insect by number (27.29%) and weight (25.90%) followed by Dichlorovos and Lambda-cyhalothrin for similar traits. While, Jholmal and Azadirachtin were inferior in controlling the fruit fly population and reducing the infestation at pre-set, post-set, and harvest stage. However, Azadirachtin and Lambda-cyhalothrin were on par in terms of post-set damage (46.32% and 47.50%), respectively. The results revealed that Spinosad is the best bio-pesticide against Cucurbit fruit fly in Bottle Gourd with Dichlorovos and Lambda-cyhalothrin next in order while Jholmal and Azadirachtin offered a better quality of fruits and higher yield in Bottle Gourd. While chemical insecticides may seem effective for short term, we must opt to use eco-friendly pesticides/botanicals such as Spinosad, Jholmal and Azadirachtin for pest management and thus further study is required to explore the comparative efficacy of bio-pesticides/botanicals against chemical insecticides for fruit fly management in Bottle Gourd.
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
ER  -

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