Monitoring of CO<sub>2</sub> in the Nyiragongo Volcano Cracks on Bugarura and Munigi Sites from January 2019 to January 2020

Faustin Safari Habari; Marcel Bahati Rusimbuka; Arsène Tumaini Sadiki; Mathieu Mapendano Yalire; Charles Muhigirwa Balagizi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.12

Monitoring of CO₂ in the Nyiragongo Volcano Cracks on Bugarura and Munigi Sites from January 2019 to January 2020

Faustin Safari Habari, Marcel Bahati Rusimbuka, Arsène Tumaini Sadiki, Mathieu Mapendano Yalire, Charles Muhigirwa Balagizi

Published in International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management (Volume 6, Issue 2)

Received: 16 April 2021 Accepted: 5 May 2021 Published: 20 May 2021

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Abstract

In the area north of Lake Kivu, in the western part of the African Rift, deep fractures allow the uptake of gas, especially carbon dioxide. The Nyiragongo territory is located in the western part of the African Rift Valley. The deep fractures allow gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO₂), to rise. CO₂ is a heavier-than-air gas, asphyxiating, irritating to the eyes, nose and throat, and deadly at concentrations above 15%. The variation of CO₂ in the different stations allows us to study the behaviour of the Nyiragongo volcano although in our stations we have not reached the lethal concentration of CO₂. The volcanic activity of Nyiragongo is therefore closely monitored by the inhabitants, and any news of increased activity agitates the inhabitants of the region, especially those living in the Nyiragongo territory. Here we report a short carbon dioxide monitoring time series for five stations (BUGARURA I, II, III, IV and MUNIGI stations). The various variations in CO₂ give us information about the activity of the Nyiragongo Volcano in the crater. The active volcanoes of the Virunga chain expose the Nyiragongo region to numerous natural hazards such as lava flows, gas plumes, dissolved gases in Lake Kivu and risks related to epidemiological diseases and armed conflicts.

Published in	International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management (Volume 6, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.12
Page(s)	38-41
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Monitoring, Carbon Dioxide, Crack, Volcano

References

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[9]	HANSELL A., OPPENHEIMER C. (2004). Health hazards from volcanic gases: a systematic literature review. Arch Environ Health 2004; 59 (No. 12): 628–39.
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[15]	M. M. KASEREKA, M. M. YALIRE, A. S. MINANI, C. V. SAMBA, A. K. BISUSA, E. K. KAMATE, N. MASHAGIRO, M. SYAUSWA, J. K. KAVUKE. (2017). Risks associate with mazuku in the Goma area, Democratic Republic of the Congo (east africa rift).

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Faustin Safari Habari, Marcel Bahati Rusimbuka, Arsène Tumaini Sadiki, Mathieu Mapendano Yalire, Charles Muhigirwa Balagizi. (2021). Monitoring of CO2 in the Nyiragongo Volcano Cracks on Bugarura and Munigi Sites from January 2019 to January 2020. International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, 6(2), 38-41. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.12

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Faustin Safari Habari; Marcel Bahati Rusimbuka; Arsène Tumaini Sadiki; Mathieu Mapendano Yalire; Charles Muhigirwa Balagizi. Monitoring of CO2 in the Nyiragongo Volcano Cracks on Bugarura and Munigi Sites from January 2019 to January 2020. Int. J. Nat. Resour. Ecol. Manag. 2021, 6(2), 38-41. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.12

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AMA Style

Faustin Safari Habari, Marcel Bahati Rusimbuka, Arsène Tumaini Sadiki, Mathieu Mapendano Yalire, Charles Muhigirwa Balagizi. Monitoring of CO2 in the Nyiragongo Volcano Cracks on Bugarura and Munigi Sites from January 2019 to January 2020. Int J Nat Resour Ecol Manag. 2021;6(2):38-41. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.12,
  author = {Faustin Safari Habari and Marcel Bahati Rusimbuka and Arsène Tumaini Sadiki and Mathieu Mapendano Yalire and Charles Muhigirwa Balagizi},
  title = {Monitoring of CO2 in the Nyiragongo Volcano Cracks on Bugarura and Munigi Sites from January 2019 to January 2020},
  journal = {International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {38-41},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnrem.20210602.12},
  abstract = {In the area north of Lake Kivu, in the western part of the African Rift, deep fractures allow the uptake of gas, especially carbon dioxide. The Nyiragongo territory is located in the western part of the African Rift Valley. The deep fractures allow gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO2), to rise. CO2 is a heavier-than-air gas, asphyxiating, irritating to the eyes, nose and throat, and deadly at concentrations above 15%. The variation of CO2 in the different stations allows us to study the behaviour of the Nyiragongo volcano although in our stations we have not reached the lethal concentration of CO2. The volcanic activity of Nyiragongo is therefore closely monitored by the inhabitants, and any news of increased activity agitates the inhabitants of the region, especially those living in the Nyiragongo territory. Here we report a short carbon dioxide monitoring time series for five stations (BUGARURA I, II, III, IV and MUNIGI stations). The various variations in CO2 give us information about the activity of the Nyiragongo Volcano in the crater. The active volcanoes of the Virunga chain expose the Nyiragongo region to numerous natural hazards such as lava flows, gas plumes, dissolved gases in Lake Kivu and risks related to epidemiological diseases and armed conflicts.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Monitoring of CO2 in the Nyiragongo Volcano Cracks on Bugarura and Munigi Sites from January 2019 to January 2020
AU  - Faustin Safari Habari
AU  - Marcel Bahati Rusimbuka
AU  - Arsène Tumaini Sadiki
AU  - Mathieu Mapendano Yalire
AU  - Charles Muhigirwa Balagizi
Y1  - 2021/05/20
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.12
T2  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
JF  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
JO  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
SP  - 38
EP  - 41
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-3061
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.12
AB  - In the area north of Lake Kivu, in the western part of the African Rift, deep fractures allow the uptake of gas, especially carbon dioxide. The Nyiragongo territory is located in the western part of the African Rift Valley. The deep fractures allow gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO2), to rise. CO2 is a heavier-than-air gas, asphyxiating, irritating to the eyes, nose and throat, and deadly at concentrations above 15%. The variation of CO2 in the different stations allows us to study the behaviour of the Nyiragongo volcano although in our stations we have not reached the lethal concentration of CO2. The volcanic activity of Nyiragongo is therefore closely monitored by the inhabitants, and any news of increased activity agitates the inhabitants of the region, especially those living in the Nyiragongo territory. Here we report a short carbon dioxide monitoring time series for five stations (BUGARURA I, II, III, IV and MUNIGI stations). The various variations in CO2 give us information about the activity of the Nyiragongo Volcano in the crater. The active volcanoes of the Virunga chain expose the Nyiragongo region to numerous natural hazards such as lava flows, gas plumes, dissolved gases in Lake Kivu and risks related to epidemiological diseases and armed conflicts.
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Faustin Safari Habari

Geochemistry an d Environment Department, Goma Volcano Observatory, Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo
Marcel Bahati Rusimbuka

Geochemistry an d Environment Department, Goma Volcano Observatory, Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo
Arsène Tumaini Sadiki

Seismological Department, Goma Volcano Observatory, Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo
Mathieu Mapendano Yalire

Geochemistry an d Environment Department, Goma Volcano Observatory, Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo
Charles Muhigirwa Balagizi

Geochemistry an d Environment Department, Goma Volcano Observatory, Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo

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APA Style

Faustin Safari Habari, Marcel Bahati Rusimbuka, Arsène Tumaini Sadiki, Mathieu Mapendano Yalire, Charles Muhigirwa Balagizi. (2021). Monitoring of CO2 in the Nyiragongo Volcano Cracks on Bugarura and Munigi Sites from January 2019 to January 2020. International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, 6(2), 38-41. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.12

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ACS Style

Faustin Safari Habari; Marcel Bahati Rusimbuka; Arsène Tumaini Sadiki; Mathieu Mapendano Yalire; Charles Muhigirwa Balagizi. Monitoring of CO2 in the Nyiragongo Volcano Cracks on Bugarura and Munigi Sites from January 2019 to January 2020. Int. J. Nat. Resour. Ecol. Manag. 2021, 6(2), 38-41. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.12

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AMA Style

Faustin Safari Habari, Marcel Bahati Rusimbuka, Arsène Tumaini Sadiki, Mathieu Mapendano Yalire, Charles Muhigirwa Balagizi. Monitoring of CO2 in the Nyiragongo Volcano Cracks on Bugarura and Munigi Sites from January 2019 to January 2020. Int J Nat Resour Ecol Manag. 2021;6(2):38-41. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.12,
  author = {Faustin Safari Habari and Marcel Bahati Rusimbuka and Arsène Tumaini Sadiki and Mathieu Mapendano Yalire and Charles Muhigirwa Balagizi},
  title = {Monitoring of CO2 in the Nyiragongo Volcano Cracks on Bugarura and Munigi Sites from January 2019 to January 2020},
  journal = {International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {38-41},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnrem.20210602.12},
  abstract = {In the area north of Lake Kivu, in the western part of the African Rift, deep fractures allow the uptake of gas, especially carbon dioxide. The Nyiragongo territory is located in the western part of the African Rift Valley. The deep fractures allow gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO2), to rise. CO2 is a heavier-than-air gas, asphyxiating, irritating to the eyes, nose and throat, and deadly at concentrations above 15%. The variation of CO2 in the different stations allows us to study the behaviour of the Nyiragongo volcano although in our stations we have not reached the lethal concentration of CO2. The volcanic activity of Nyiragongo is therefore closely monitored by the inhabitants, and any news of increased activity agitates the inhabitants of the region, especially those living in the Nyiragongo territory. Here we report a short carbon dioxide monitoring time series for five stations (BUGARURA I, II, III, IV and MUNIGI stations). The various variations in CO2 give us information about the activity of the Nyiragongo Volcano in the crater. The active volcanoes of the Virunga chain expose the Nyiragongo region to numerous natural hazards such as lava flows, gas plumes, dissolved gases in Lake Kivu and risks related to epidemiological diseases and armed conflicts.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Monitoring of CO2 in the Nyiragongo Volcano Cracks on Bugarura and Munigi Sites from January 2019 to January 2020
AU  - Faustin Safari Habari
AU  - Marcel Bahati Rusimbuka
AU  - Arsène Tumaini Sadiki
AU  - Mathieu Mapendano Yalire
AU  - Charles Muhigirwa Balagizi
Y1  - 2021/05/20
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.12
T2  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
JF  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
JO  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
SP  - 38
EP  - 41
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-3061
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210602.12
AB  - In the area north of Lake Kivu, in the western part of the African Rift, deep fractures allow the uptake of gas, especially carbon dioxide. The Nyiragongo territory is located in the western part of the African Rift Valley. The deep fractures allow gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO2), to rise. CO2 is a heavier-than-air gas, asphyxiating, irritating to the eyes, nose and throat, and deadly at concentrations above 15%. The variation of CO2 in the different stations allows us to study the behaviour of the Nyiragongo volcano although in our stations we have not reached the lethal concentration of CO2. The volcanic activity of Nyiragongo is therefore closely monitored by the inhabitants, and any news of increased activity agitates the inhabitants of the region, especially those living in the Nyiragongo territory. Here we report a short carbon dioxide monitoring time series for five stations (BUGARURA I, II, III, IV and MUNIGI stations). The various variations in CO2 give us information about the activity of the Nyiragongo Volcano in the crater. The active volcanoes of the Virunga chain expose the Nyiragongo region to numerous natural hazards such as lava flows, gas plumes, dissolved gases in Lake Kivu and risks related to epidemiological diseases and armed conflicts.
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
ER  -

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