On the Surface Independent Signals Within the ENSO Events

Mingqiang Fang

doi:doi:10.11648/j.earth.20180703.14

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On the Surface Independent Signals Within the ENSO Events

Mingqiang Fang

Published in Earth Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 3)

Received: 16 May 2018 Accepted: 31 May 2018 Published: 13 June 2018

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Abstract

By analyzing the two types of El Niño Southern-Oscillation (ENSO) indices, i.e., the Central Pacific (CP) type index and the Eastern Pacific (EP) type index by Ren and Jin (2011), this study finds that the low correlation between the two types of indices by some previous studies should be reconsidered. Then based on previous ideas of the unified Niño index systems, the new ocean surface regions for the CP and EP El Niño indices’ calculation are defined. The features of the new CP and EP El Niño indices are consistent with sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) evolution along the Pacific equator. This study suggests that, concerning the El Niño characteristics, the CP and EP El Niño indices are not necessarily independent of each other; but their differences are almost absolutely independent of the unified Niño region SSTA. The results quantitatively confirm the relationship between the Trans-Niño Index (TNI) and Niño 3.4 indices (which are nearly independent of each other and provide different flavors for each El Niño event). Results presented here contribute to a better understanding of the nature of the El Niño events.

Published in	Earth Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.earth.20180703.14
Page(s)	124-137
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Unified Niño Regions, Thermal Centroid, ENSO, Central Pacific, Eastern Pacific

References

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Mingqiang Fang. (2018). On the Surface Independent Signals Within the ENSO Events. Earth Sciences, 7(3), 124-137. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180703.14

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ACS Style

Mingqiang Fang. On the Surface Independent Signals Within the ENSO Events. Earth Sci. 2018, 7(3), 124-137. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20180703.14

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AMA Style

Mingqiang Fang. On the Surface Independent Signals Within the ENSO Events. Earth Sci. 2018;7(3):124-137. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20180703.14

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@article{10.11648/j.earth.20180703.14,
  author = {Mingqiang Fang},
  title = {On the Surface Independent Signals Within the ENSO Events},
  journal = {Earth Sciences},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {124-137},
  doi = {10.11648/j.earth.20180703.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180703.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.earth.20180703.14},
  abstract = {By analyzing the two types of El Niño Southern-Oscillation (ENSO) indices, i.e., the Central Pacific (CP) type index and the Eastern Pacific (EP) type index by Ren and Jin (2011), this study finds that the low correlation between the two types of indices by some previous studies should be reconsidered. Then based on previous ideas of the unified Niño index systems, the new ocean surface regions for the CP and EP El Niño indices’ calculation are defined. The features of the new CP and EP El Niño indices are consistent with sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) evolution along the Pacific equator. This study suggests that, concerning the El Niño characteristics, the CP and EP El Niño indices are not necessarily independent of each other; but their differences are almost absolutely independent of the unified Niño region SSTA. The results quantitatively confirm the relationship between the Trans-Niño Index (TNI) and Niño 3.4 indices (which are nearly independent of each other and provide different flavors for each El Niño event). Results presented here contribute to a better understanding of the nature of the El Niño events.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - On the Surface Independent Signals Within the ENSO Events
AU  - Mingqiang Fang
Y1  - 2018/06/13
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180703.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.earth.20180703.14
T2  - Earth Sciences
JF  - Earth Sciences
JO  - Earth Sciences
SP  - 124
EP  - 137
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5982
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180703.14
AB  - By analyzing the two types of El Niño Southern-Oscillation (ENSO) indices, i.e., the Central Pacific (CP) type index and the Eastern Pacific (EP) type index by Ren and Jin (2011), this study finds that the low correlation between the two types of indices by some previous studies should be reconsidered. Then based on previous ideas of the unified Niño index systems, the new ocean surface regions for the CP and EP El Niño indices’ calculation are defined. The features of the new CP and EP El Niño indices are consistent with sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) evolution along the Pacific equator. This study suggests that, concerning the El Niño characteristics, the CP and EP El Niño indices are not necessarily independent of each other; but their differences are almost absolutely independent of the unified Niño region SSTA. The results quantitatively confirm the relationship between the Trans-Niño Index (TNI) and Niño 3.4 indices (which are nearly independent of each other and provide different flavors for each El Niño event). Results presented here contribute to a better understanding of the nature of the El Niño events.
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Mingqiang Fang

Ocean Remote Sensing Institute, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China

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APA Style

Mingqiang Fang. (2018). On the Surface Independent Signals Within the ENSO Events. Earth Sciences, 7(3), 124-137. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180703.14

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ACS Style

Mingqiang Fang. On the Surface Independent Signals Within the ENSO Events. Earth Sci. 2018, 7(3), 124-137. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20180703.14

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AMA Style

Mingqiang Fang. On the Surface Independent Signals Within the ENSO Events. Earth Sci. 2018;7(3):124-137. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20180703.14

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.earth.20180703.14,
  author = {Mingqiang Fang},
  title = {On the Surface Independent Signals Within the ENSO Events},
  journal = {Earth Sciences},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {124-137},
  doi = {10.11648/j.earth.20180703.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180703.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.earth.20180703.14},
  abstract = {By analyzing the two types of El Niño Southern-Oscillation (ENSO) indices, i.e., the Central Pacific (CP) type index and the Eastern Pacific (EP) type index by Ren and Jin (2011), this study finds that the low correlation between the two types of indices by some previous studies should be reconsidered. Then based on previous ideas of the unified Niño index systems, the new ocean surface regions for the CP and EP El Niño indices’ calculation are defined. The features of the new CP and EP El Niño indices are consistent with sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) evolution along the Pacific equator. This study suggests that, concerning the El Niño characteristics, the CP and EP El Niño indices are not necessarily independent of each other; but their differences are almost absolutely independent of the unified Niño region SSTA. The results quantitatively confirm the relationship between the Trans-Niño Index (TNI) and Niño 3.4 indices (which are nearly independent of each other and provide different flavors for each El Niño event). Results presented here contribute to a better understanding of the nature of the El Niño events.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - On the Surface Independent Signals Within the ENSO Events
AU  - Mingqiang Fang
Y1  - 2018/06/13
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180703.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.earth.20180703.14
T2  - Earth Sciences
JF  - Earth Sciences
JO  - Earth Sciences
SP  - 124
EP  - 137
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5982
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180703.14
AB  - By analyzing the two types of El Niño Southern-Oscillation (ENSO) indices, i.e., the Central Pacific (CP) type index and the Eastern Pacific (EP) type index by Ren and Jin (2011), this study finds that the low correlation between the two types of indices by some previous studies should be reconsidered. Then based on previous ideas of the unified Niño index systems, the new ocean surface regions for the CP and EP El Niño indices’ calculation are defined. The features of the new CP and EP El Niño indices are consistent with sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) evolution along the Pacific equator. This study suggests that, concerning the El Niño characteristics, the CP and EP El Niño indices are not necessarily independent of each other; but their differences are almost absolutely independent of the unified Niño region SSTA. The results quantitatively confirm the relationship between the Trans-Niño Index (TNI) and Niño 3.4 indices (which are nearly independent of each other and provide different flavors for each El Niño event). Results presented here contribute to a better understanding of the nature of the El Niño events.
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download