Talcum Powder as a Nucleating Agent and Reinforcing Filler in PHBV Composites

Arjang Aminishahsavarani; Ali Salimian; Karnik Tarverdi; Hari Upadhyaya

doi:doi:10.11648/j.cm.20220601.12

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Talcum Powder as a Nucleating Agent and Reinforcing Filler in PHBV Composites

Arjang Aminishahsavarani, Ali Salimian, Karnik Tarverdi, Hari Upadhyaya

Published in Composite Materials (Volume 6, Issue 1)

Received: 8 September 2020 Accepted: 19 September 2020 Published: 5 February 2022

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Abstract

PHBV/talc composites at concentrations of 100/0, 90/10, 85/15, and 80/20 were prepared by extrusion compounding followed by injection molding. The effect of talcum powder on crystallinity, thermal and thermomechanical, mechanical and morphological properties of PHBV/talc composites were investigated by DSC, XRD, TGA, SEM, DMA, and mechanical testing. It was found that talc can change the sluggish crystallinity of PHBV. The talc enhanced the nucleation of the PHBV in the composites which lead to a faster crystallization rate. The heat distortion temperature, crystallinity, and the modulus of PHBV/talc composite also increased. The HDT value of the talc-filled PHBV is significantly higher than the pure PHBV, The HDT value of PHBV increases from 129.87°C to 145.48°C with adding the 20% weight fraction of talc. The DMA result revealed that the storage modulus of the composites increased with an increase in the content of talc. The change in storage modulus demonstrated the reinforcing effect of talc. The isothermal crystallization behavior of PHBV studied by DSC and analyzed by Avrami equation indicate that with the addition of the talc, the crystallization rate of the PHBV increases in the composites. Talc therefore enhances the nucleation of the PHBV in the composites. SEM images showed a fine dispersion of talc in the polymer matrix. The tensile modulus results were theoretically supported by the application of the Halpin-Tsai equation which supported the accuracy of the results obtained from the tensile tests.

Published in	Composite Materials (Volume 6, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.cm.20220601.12
Page(s)	7-16
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Bioplastic, Nucleating Agent, Reinforcing Filler, Extrusion, Crystalization Composite

References

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[3]	Liu, W, J, Yang, H, L, Wang, Z, Dong, L, S, Liu, J, J, (2002), ”Effect of nucleating agents on the crystallization of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-co-3-Hydroxyvalerate)”, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 86, Pages 2145–2152, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
[4]	Kai, W, He, Y, Inoue, Y, (2005), “Fast crystallization of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) with talc and boron nitride as nucleating agents”, Journal of Polymer International, Volume 54, Issue 5, Pages 780–789.
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[12]	Kunioka, M. Tamaki, A. and Doi, Y., (1989), “Crystalline and thermal properties of bacterial copolyesters: poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) and poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate),” Macromolecules, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 694–697.
[13]	Li, G.; Helms, J. E.; Pang, S. S., Schulz, K,(2001), “Analytical Modeling of Tensile Strength of Particulate-Filled Composites”. Polym. Compos. Vol22, Pages 593-603.
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APA Style

Arjang Aminishahsavarani, Ali Salimian, Karnik Tarverdi, Hari Upadhyaya. (2022). Talcum Powder as a Nucleating Agent and Reinforcing Filler in PHBV Composites. Composite Materials, 6(1), 7-16. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cm.20220601.12

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ACS Style

Arjang Aminishahsavarani; Ali Salimian; Karnik Tarverdi; Hari Upadhyaya. Talcum Powder as a Nucleating Agent and Reinforcing Filler in PHBV Composites. Compos. Mater. 2022, 6(1), 7-16. doi: 10.11648/j.cm.20220601.12

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AMA Style

Arjang Aminishahsavarani, Ali Salimian, Karnik Tarverdi, Hari Upadhyaya. Talcum Powder as a Nucleating Agent and Reinforcing Filler in PHBV Composites. Compos Mater. 2022;6(1):7-16. doi: 10.11648/j.cm.20220601.12

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@article{10.11648/j.cm.20220601.12,
  author = {Arjang Aminishahsavarani and Ali Salimian and Karnik Tarverdi and Hari Upadhyaya},
  title = {Talcum Powder as a Nucleating Agent and Reinforcing Filler in PHBV Composites},
  journal = {Composite Materials},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {7-16},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cm.20220601.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cm.20220601.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cm.20220601.12},
  abstract = {PHBV/talc composites at concentrations of 100/0, 90/10, 85/15, and 80/20 were prepared by extrusion compounding followed by injection molding. The effect of talcum powder on crystallinity, thermal and thermomechanical, mechanical and morphological properties of PHBV/talc composites were investigated by DSC, XRD, TGA, SEM, DMA, and mechanical testing. It was found that talc can change the sluggish crystallinity of PHBV. The talc enhanced the nucleation of the PHBV in the composites which lead to a faster crystallization rate. The heat distortion temperature, crystallinity, and the modulus of PHBV/talc composite also increased. The HDT value of the talc-filled PHBV is significantly higher than the pure PHBV, The HDT value of PHBV increases from 129.87°C to 145.48°C with adding the 20% weight fraction of talc. The DMA result revealed that the storage modulus of the composites increased with an increase in the content of talc. The change in storage modulus demonstrated the reinforcing effect of talc. The isothermal crystallization behavior of PHBV studied by DSC and analyzed by Avrami equation indicate that with the addition of the talc, the crystallization rate of the PHBV increases in the composites. Talc therefore enhances the nucleation of the PHBV in the composites. SEM images showed a fine dispersion of talc in the polymer matrix. The tensile modulus results were theoretically supported by the application of the Halpin-Tsai equation which supported the accuracy of the results obtained from the tensile tests.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Talcum Powder as a Nucleating Agent and Reinforcing Filler in PHBV Composites
AU - Arjang Aminishahsavarani
AU - Ali Salimian
AU - Karnik Tarverdi
AU - Hari Upadhyaya
Y1 - 2022/02/05
PY - 2022
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cm.20220601.12
DO - 10.11648/j.cm.20220601.12
T2 - Composite Materials
JF - Composite Materials
JO - Composite Materials
SP - 7
EP - 16
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2994-7103
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cm.20220601.12
AB - PHBV/talc composites at concentrations of 100/0, 90/10, 85/15, and 80/20 were prepared by extrusion compounding followed by injection molding. The effect of talcum powder on crystallinity, thermal and thermomechanical, mechanical and morphological properties of PHBV/talc composites were investigated by DSC, XRD, TGA, SEM, DMA, and mechanical testing. It was found that talc can change the sluggish crystallinity of PHBV. The talc enhanced the nucleation of the PHBV in the composites which lead to a faster crystallization rate. The heat distortion temperature, crystallinity, and the modulus of PHBV/talc composite also increased. The HDT value of the talc-filled PHBV is significantly higher than the pure PHBV, The HDT value of PHBV increases from 129.87°C to 145.48°C with adding the 20% weight fraction of talc. The DMA result revealed that the storage modulus of the composites increased with an increase in the content of talc. The change in storage modulus demonstrated the reinforcing effect of talc. The isothermal crystallization behavior of PHBV studied by DSC and analyzed by Avrami equation indicate that with the addition of the talc, the crystallization rate of the PHBV increases in the composites. Talc therefore enhances the nucleation of the PHBV in the composites. SEM images showed a fine dispersion of talc in the polymer matrix. The tensile modulus results were theoretically supported by the application of the Halpin-Tsai equation which supported the accuracy of the results obtained from the tensile tests.
VL - 6
IS - 1
ER -

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Author Information

Arjang Aminishahsavarani

Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London, UK
Ali Salimian

Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London, UK
Karnik Tarverdi

Wolfson Centre for Material Processing, Brunel University London, London, UK
Hari Upadhyaya

Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London, UK

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APA Style

Arjang Aminishahsavarani, Ali Salimian, Karnik Tarverdi, Hari Upadhyaya. (2022). Talcum Powder as a Nucleating Agent and Reinforcing Filler in PHBV Composites. Composite Materials, 6(1), 7-16. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cm.20220601.12

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ACS Style

Arjang Aminishahsavarani; Ali Salimian; Karnik Tarverdi; Hari Upadhyaya. Talcum Powder as a Nucleating Agent and Reinforcing Filler in PHBV Composites. Compos. Mater. 2022, 6(1), 7-16. doi: 10.11648/j.cm.20220601.12

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AMA Style

Arjang Aminishahsavarani, Ali Salimian, Karnik Tarverdi, Hari Upadhyaya. Talcum Powder as a Nucleating Agent and Reinforcing Filler in PHBV Composites. Compos Mater. 2022;6(1):7-16. doi: 10.11648/j.cm.20220601.12

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@article{10.11648/j.cm.20220601.12,
  author = {Arjang Aminishahsavarani and Ali Salimian and Karnik Tarverdi and Hari Upadhyaya},
  title = {Talcum Powder as a Nucleating Agent and Reinforcing Filler in PHBV Composites},
  journal = {Composite Materials},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {7-16},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cm.20220601.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cm.20220601.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cm.20220601.12},
  abstract = {PHBV/talc composites at concentrations of 100/0, 90/10, 85/15, and 80/20 were prepared by extrusion compounding followed by injection molding. The effect of talcum powder on crystallinity, thermal and thermomechanical, mechanical and morphological properties of PHBV/talc composites were investigated by DSC, XRD, TGA, SEM, DMA, and mechanical testing. It was found that talc can change the sluggish crystallinity of PHBV. The talc enhanced the nucleation of the PHBV in the composites which lead to a faster crystallization rate. The heat distortion temperature, crystallinity, and the modulus of PHBV/talc composite also increased. The HDT value of the talc-filled PHBV is significantly higher than the pure PHBV, The HDT value of PHBV increases from 129.87°C to 145.48°C with adding the 20% weight fraction of talc. The DMA result revealed that the storage modulus of the composites increased with an increase in the content of talc. The change in storage modulus demonstrated the reinforcing effect of talc. The isothermal crystallization behavior of PHBV studied by DSC and analyzed by Avrami equation indicate that with the addition of the talc, the crystallization rate of the PHBV increases in the composites. Talc therefore enhances the nucleation of the PHBV in the composites. SEM images showed a fine dispersion of talc in the polymer matrix. The tensile modulus results were theoretically supported by the application of the Halpin-Tsai equation which supported the accuracy of the results obtained from the tensile tests.},
 year = {2022}
}

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