Research Article
Serum Lipid Level in Mother with Pre-eclampsia Attending in a Selected Tertiary Hospital in Bangladesh
Syeda Farhana Naznin*
,
Md Ahashan Habib
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 5, October 2025
Pages:
259-265
Received:
14 February 2025
Accepted:
8 April 2025
Published:
15 September 2025
Abstract: Background: Pre-eclampsia is a disorder of pregnancy, characterized by new onset of hypertension and proteinuria that develops after 20 weeks of gestation in a previously normotensive women. Abnormal lipid profile and species may have a role in the promotion of oxidative stress and vascular dysfunction seen in pre-eclampsia. Predominantly the atherogenic low density lipoprotein (LDL) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM) are increased in association with hyperlipidaemia in pre-eclampsia. There is a pronounced physiological hyperlipidaemia, involving serum levels of triglycerides, and cholesterol in normal pregnancy. Preeclampsia is associated with substantial risks for the mother and fetus. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Child and Mother Health, Matuail, Dhaka Bangladesh from May 2021 to April 2022. Total 42 pregnant women (>20 weeks) with pre-eclampsia and 42 normotensive pregnant women (>20 weeks) were included. All patients were selected according to inclusion criteria. Purposing sampling method was used to collect data from Institute of Child and Mother Health, Matuail, Dhaka Bangladesh. Collected data were analyzed by using computerized methods of analysis (SPSS version 16 and Microsoft Office Excel). Results: Total cholesterol levels in Pre-eclampsia group was >200mg/dl in 73.8% patients and <200mg/dl in 26.2% patients. HDL-C levels was <40mg/dl in 16.7% patients and >40mg/dl in 83.3% patients. LDL-C was >159mg/dl in 52.4% and <159mg/dl in 47.6% patients, Triglyceride was >200mg/dl in 92.9% and <200mg/dl in 7.1% patients. In normal pregnancy, Total cholesterol was >200mg/dl in 42.9% and <200mg/dl in 57.1% patients, LDL-C was >159mg/dl in 19.0% and <159mg/dl in 81.0%patients, Triglyceride was >200mg/dl in 73.8% and <200mg/dl in 26.2% patients. Total cholesterol, LDL-C, and Triglyceride were increase in pre-eclampsia when compared to normal pregnancy, which was statistically significant (p<0.05), but no significant difference in HDL-C between two groups (p>0.05). Significant positive pearson’s correlation test between blood pressure and levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C, and Triglycerides. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient test. There is a correlation between dyslipidemia and maternal and fetal outcome in both pre-eclampsia and normotensive pregnancy. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia is significantly evident in pre-eclampsia and plays an important pathological role.
Abstract: Background: Pre-eclampsia is a disorder of pregnancy, characterized by new onset of hypertension and proteinuria that develops after 20 weeks of gestation in a previously normotensive women. Abnormal lipid profile and species may have a role in the promotion of oxidative stress and vascular dysfunction seen in pre-eclampsia. Predominantly the ather...
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Research Article
A Biomedical Design of a Femtotesla Ferromagnetic Detector with Quasi-Super Conductor
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 5, October 2025
Pages:
266-271
Received:
11 September 2025
Accepted:
11 October 2025
Published:
22 October 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajhr.20251305.12
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Abstract: This paper presents a flexible femto-tesla detector design using multi-level cascade modules (quantum magnetic chips, semiconductor cooling, graphene superconductors, power supply, and control circuits). The quantum magnetic chip could be any quantum effect-based chip such as tunnel magnetoresistance, superconducting quantum interference devices, spin exchange relaxation-free, optically pumped magnetometers, semiconductor cooling device could be made of bismuth telluride, lead telluride, silicon–germanium, and bismuth antimonide alloys with copper or graphene coated ceramic plate, soft version is preferable to prevent long term cracking issue, the superconductor could be zero resistance based or Meissner effect based, critical temperature high one is preferable, such as graphene, quasi superconduct like Ohno Continuous Casting (CCC) is acceptable as well, power supply and control circuits must be extreme low noise made with the latest chip technology like silicon carbide and silicon nitride. Such design is mainly meant for educational usage. The lower cost is the main design goal. Its magnetic focusing lens combines semiconductors with room-temperature quasi-superconductors. A tapered superconducting disk with a central elliptical hole concentrates magnetic flux by repelling field lines toward the hole, amplifying field strength. Civilian applications include detecting biological magnetism, say, monitoring the student attention level during the study, diagnosing Alzheimer’s and depression in humans/pets. The high-end military uses involve long-range detection of stealth submarines, carriers, tanks, and stealth aircraft. The main challenge of designing such a system is to understand the environment magnetic noise fluctuation patterns, as such, we have conducted short and long term measurements to catch the effect of Moon cycle on the background noise, these data and analysis will allow us to design an advanced Karman filter to remove the Moon noise, to see femto-Tesla variation in a more accurate design.
Abstract: This paper presents a flexible femto-tesla detector design using multi-level cascade modules (quantum magnetic chips, semiconductor cooling, graphene superconductors, power supply, and control circuits). The quantum magnetic chip could be any quantum effect-based chip such as tunnel magnetoresistance, superconducting quantum interference devices, s...
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