Research Article
Performance Evaluation of Coffee (coffea arabica L.) Selections on Growth and Yield in Southern Ethiopia
Meseret Degefa*
,
Habtamu Gebreselassie,
Dejene Bekele,
Kidist Shewangezaw,
Wondagegnehu Gebretsaddik,
Ketema Manaye,
Leta Ajema,
Rahil Mengestu
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 2, June 2025
Pages:
18-25
Received:
18 December 2024
Accepted:
2 January 2025
Published:
17 April 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajpb.20251002.11
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Ethiopia is the center of origin and has a varied genetic foundation for Arabica coffee, but there is still a lack of yield-competitive enhanced varieties, which is why the average productivity in the country is significantly lower than the global average. The average national productivity is quite low as a result. To find high-yielding coffee for commercial usage, it may be helpful to further assess the performance of the top-performing selections for growth and yield characteristics at the full bearing stage. Therefore, it is crucial to create pure line coffee types that are stable, disease resistant, and high yielding in order to close this gap and increase coffee productivity. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the genotypes of pure lines coffee for yield and yield components. In order to illustrate the growth and yield characteristics of eleven Arabica pure line coffee genotypes and three standard checks, the experiment was carried out at Awada, Leku, and Wonago. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was used to carry out the experiment between 2015 and 2020. Data were gathered on plant height, number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, length of the longest primary branch, number of main stem nodes, stem girth, internode length on the main stem, canopy diameter, number of nodes on longest primary, and yield per hectare. The findings showed that there were differences between the growth features. Total plant height (1.88–3.34 m), stem diameter (2.93–4.42 cm), canopy diameter (153.58–195.17 cm), number of main stem nodes (30.47–42.00), primary branch number (59.93–82.93), secondary branch number (12.97–37.80), average length of primary branches (92.50–116.10 cm), and number of nodes on longest primary (18.43–29.07) at Awada. Stem diameter (2.78–4.20 cm), canopy diameter (171.19–216.33 cm), number of main stem nodes (29.27–34.93), inter node length on the main stem (4.99–6.77 cm), number of primary branches (55.67–119.67), number of secondary branches (37.80–76.53), average length of primary branches (90.73–125.07 cm), and number of nodes on longest primary (22.27–61.67) of the plant are all measured at Leku. The number of main stem nodes (27.02-31.13), inter node length on the main stem (6.82 - 14.83 cm), number of primary branches (54.00 - 60.93), number of secondary branches (10.73 - 23.73), average length of primary branches (90.20 - 102.40 cm), stem diameter (2.97 - 3.64 cm), canopy diameter (149.67 - 202.17 cm), and number of nodes on longest primary (20.00 - 25.40) are all measured at Wonago. According to the study's findings, pure line selection 9634 (1684 kg/ha) had the highest overall yield per hectare, followed by 9615 (1671 kg/ha) and 85298 (902 kg/ha), which had the lowest. Awada, Leku and Wonago, there will be a better probability of getting improved pure line Arabica coffee varieties inside south Ethiopian producing climate. To suggest an appropriate and stable pure line variety for coffee growers in the South, the experiment should be conducted again at a different representative trial site.
Abstract: Ethiopia is the center of origin and has a varied genetic foundation for Arabica coffee, but there is still a lack of yield-competitive enhanced varieties, which is why the average productivity in the country is significantly lower than the global average. The average national productivity is quite low as a result. To find high-yielding coffee for ...
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