Research Article
The Impact of Solid Waste Management on Community Livelihoods in Gasabo District, Rwanda: A Case Study of Nduba Landfill (2019-2023)
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, December 2025
Pages:
108-126
Received:
8 August 2025
Accepted:
5 September 2025
Published:
22 October 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajere.20251004.11
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Abstract: Solid waste management (SWM) has a direct and critical impact on the livelihoods of communities, especially those residing near major landfills. In Kigali, the Nduba Landfill faces immense pressure from rapid urbanization and poor waste handling practices, resulting in widespread environmental degradation, health issues, and economic hardship for nearby populations. Informal waste pickers also face unsafe working conditions and limited income opportunities due to the absence of formal recognition and support systems. Therefore, the study aimed to the effect of solid waste management and community livelihood in Nduba Landfill. The study employed a descriptive survey design using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The sample was 357 respondents and the data were analyzed using SPSS through descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analysis. Findings revealed a generally high level of community satisfaction with existing waste management practices, reflected in mean ratings of 4.1 to 4.3, indicating positive perceptions. However, laboratory results showed serious environmental issues. Water samples had critically low dissolved oxygen levels (0.16 mg/L) and elevated Chemical Oxygen Demand (5004.5 mg/L) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (88.92 mg/L), signaling heavy organic pollution. Soil tests found an alkaline pH of 8.03 and trace metals within acceptable limits, though lead presence (20 mg/kg) requires long-term monitoring. These findings conclude that effective waste management not only sustains acceptable environmental conditions but also significantly enhances socio-economic outcomes for the local community. The most pressing concern identified was the poor water quality caused by landfill leachate, posing serious health risks to the community. The study recommends the installation of effective leachate treatment systems, formal recognition and protection of informal waste pickers, and investment in waste-to-energy initiatives to promote environmental sustainability and strengthen community livelihoods.
Abstract: Solid waste management (SWM) has a direct and critical impact on the livelihoods of communities, especially those residing near major landfills. In Kigali, the Nduba Landfill faces immense pressure from rapid urbanization and poor waste handling practices, resulting in widespread environmental degradation, health issues, and economic hardship for n...
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