Utilization of Algae for the Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Applications
Sanjay Singh,
Preeti Maurya,
Khushaboo Soni
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
1-9
Received:
4 February 2023
Accepted:
27 February 2023
Published:
9 March 2023
Abstract: This study aims to provide an overview of silver nanoparticles and their applications. Among the many applications for nanoparticles, nanoparticle synthesis is a particularly appealing research issue. Silver nanoparticle synthesis is an emerging field due to its wide applications in different fields. Silver nanoparticles are manufactured using a variety of processes, including physical, chemical, and biological approaches. Physical and chemical procedures are both expensive and dangerous. As a result, biological procedure is considered cleanest and safest as no toxic chemicals are used in this. The biological procedure includes the use of microbes, algae, and plant extract for the nanoparticle synthesis. Algal-mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles is easy, nontoxic, environmentally friendly, and requires less time. Algae have the high capacity to take metals and reduce metal ions apart from their wider distribution and abundant availability. Algae can help in mass scale production of nanoparticles at a low cost. Several physical factors such as algal extract concentration, the effect of pH, time, and temperature controlled the formation and stabilization of silver nanoparticles. AgNPs are important because of their antimicrobial, antifungal, anticancer, and wound-healing activities. Algal-synthesized AgNPs are increasingly being used in biomedicine. Targeted drug delivery techniques employ silver nanoparticles. The benefit of wound healing by silver nanoparticles includes cytokine release, which inhibits mast cell infiltration and so acts as an anti-inflammatory agent. Nanoparticles maintain electrical and optical features that can be applied to biosensors. The high-quality production of algae-mediated silver nanoparticles will enhance the properties and usefulness of AgNPs for commercial use. Silver nanoparticles boost membrane permeability and generate a hole in E. coli bacteria's cell wall. This review highlighted the wide applications of silver nanoparticles in the field of medicines, therapeutics, cosmetics, biosensors, etc. and their different methods of synthesis.
Abstract: This study aims to provide an overview of silver nanoparticles and their applications. Among the many applications for nanoparticles, nanoparticle synthesis is a particularly appealing research issue. Silver nanoparticle synthesis is an emerging field due to its wide applications in different fields. Silver nanoparticles are manufactured using a va...
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Anti-Bacterial Activities of Green Synthesized ZnO and CuO Nanoparticles from Leaf Extracts of Warburgia ugandensis
Lemeitaron Njenga,
Kiplagat Ayabei,
Teresa Akenga,
Zipporah Onyambu,
Jackson Kiptoo,
Martin Onani
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
10-18
Received:
7 July 2023
Accepted:
22 July 2023
Published:
31 July 2023
Abstract: This work reports for the first time the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) using leaf extracts of Warburgia ugandensis as encapsulating, stabilizing, and reducing agent. The green method of synthesis proved easy and less costly. The methanolic extracts contained various secondary metabolites as analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The nanoparticles (NPs) were further characterized for the confirmation of their synthesis using various techniques. Ultra violet-Visible spectrometer (UV-vis) confirmed the successful synthesis of ZnO NPs and CuO NPs with a maximum peak at 367 nm and 307.5 nm, respectively. The X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results confirmed the formation of hexagonal wurtzite ZnO NPs and monoclinic structures of CuO NPs with an average size of 21.2 nm and 12.86 nm, respectively. In addition, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis showed the presence of various functional groups responsible for the formation of the nanoparticles. The antibacterial activity of the formulated nanoparticles was also investigated against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacterial strains with ZOI (Zones of Inhibition) measured in mm. The green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles using Warburgia ugandensis leaf extracts significantly revealed higher anti-bacterial potentials against E. coli (9.6 ± 0.9 mm) compared to both CuO NPs and ampicillin. This shows that they can be applied in the field of medicine to develop antibacterial agents to treat various ailments.
Abstract: This work reports for the first time the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) using leaf extracts of Warburgia ugandensis as encapsulating, stabilizing, and reducing agent. The green method of synthesis proved easy and less costly. The methanolic extracts contained various secondary metaboli...
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