Abstract: This study investigated measurement error in 2019 WAEC senior secondary school examination using generalizability theory. The study was specifically concerned with identifying and analyzing measurement error in the senior secondary school 2019 WAEC mathematics objective examination using generalizability theory, and also to determine the highest contribution of facets: students, items and teachers to measurement error. Four research questions were raised to guide the study. The study was survey which adopted a random effect two-facet fully crossed s×t×i design for a generalizability (G) and decision (D) studies. The population consisted of fifty-six thousand, seven hundred and ninety-seven (5697) senior secondary three (SS3) students in the seventy-five (75) public secondary schools in Benin metropolis for the 2019/2020 academic session. The instrument for data collection was a fifty (50) multiple choice WAEC, mathematics 2019 examination. The instrument has been validated by the West African Examination Council (WAEC). The reliability of the items was ascertained using the Kuder – Richardson 20 (KR 20) to obtain internal consistency. It gave a value of 0.92. Data collected were analyzed using a software EduG version 6.0-e based on analysis of variance (ANOVA) and generalizability. The findings which emerged from the study were: the highest contribution to measurement error in examination scores was the students - teacher interaction which accounted for 68.9%, this was followed by the student factor (27.5%) and the residual, that is, interaction of student, teachers and items (3.6%). A generalizability coefficient of 0.97 high enough to rank order students according to their relative abilities in examinations was obtained when the number of teachers was increased to 78. Based on the findings, it was therefore recommended that generalizability analysis should be carried out by researchers, test developers and examination bodies so as to reduce or eliminate measurement error and hence maximize reliability.Abstract: This study investigated measurement error in 2019 WAEC senior secondary school examination using generalizability theory. The study was specifically concerned with identifying and analyzing measurement error in the senior secondary school 2019 WAEC mathematics objective examination using generalizability theory, and also to determine the highest co...Show More
Abstract: Physical inactivity is a very important risk factor for cognitive activities in old age and for Alzheimer's disease. Exercise and sports activity have been introduced as one of the ways to prevent the decline of cognitive function in old age. The positive effects of exercise on physiological factors are not hidden to anyone, and the findings regarding its effect on psychological factors are expanding. Performing physical activity stimulates the growth rate and reduces factors that disturb human health. Evidence supports the effectiveness of physical activity and exercise. Aerobics is an aerobic and group exercise that develops most of the fitness factors such as strength, endurance, flexibility, coordination, agility, balance, balance, and reaction speed. This exercise strengthens memory and the presence of the mind because the athlete has to memorize a series of movements in a chain, which causes the brain to be used during the movements. Aerobic exercise helps the elderly to burn more calories and lower cholesterol levels. And lowering their blood pressure, in addition to helping them move their joints, improve heart health and increase their overall energy levels. This study has investigated the effect of aerobics in old age and a questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) has been used. results show. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were measured through "Cronbach's alpha", Cronbach's alpha obtained above (0.89) showed a high correlation of questions.Abstract: Physical inactivity is a very important risk factor for cognitive activities in old age and for Alzheimer's disease. Exercise and sports activity have been introduced as one of the ways to prevent the decline of cognitive function in old age. The positive effects of exercise on physiological factors are not hidden to anyone, and the findings regard...Show More
