The Relationship Between eNOS Gene Expression and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Depression

Mahsa Khosrogardi; Mahsa Mohammad Amoli

doi:doi:10.11648/j.plm.20210502.15

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The Relationship Between eNOS Gene Expression and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Depression

Mahsa Khosrogardi, Mahsa Mohammad Amoli

Published in Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Volume 5, Issue 2)

Received: 2 September 2021 Accepted: 26 September 2021 Published: 10 November 2021

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Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder caused by hyperglycemia which is the most common form of diabetes and causes impairment in insulin secretion and insulin resistance. Increased inflammatory elements such as eNOS can be associated with type 2 diabetes and depression. Therefore, the above study investigated the effect of eNOS gene expression on diabetes-related depression in patients with types 2 diabetes. This study is of case-control type. The participants of this study are those who referred to the diabetes outpatient clinic of Shariati Hospital. The present study was performed on 50 male and female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and depression, and 50 type 2 diabetic patients without depression as a control group. RNA extraction from blood was performed by a unique test kit and finally, gene expression was measured using quantitative Real-Time-PCR and NanoDrop spectophotometers. The expression of nitric oxide synthase gene in patients with type 2 diabetes and depression increased compared to people with type 2 diabetes without depression, which was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Regarding the increase of this enzyme in the case group, it can be said that the concentration of reactive oxygen or nitrogen species such as Superoxide (O₂^-), Nitric oxide (NO) and Peroxynitric acid (HNO₄) can increase in conditions such as inflammation that inhibit the body’s natural defense and antioxidant activities. The present study showed that increased eNOS expression level is associated with post-diabetes depression. Therefore, it can be a good treatment goal for type 2 diabetic patients with depression.

Published in	Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Volume 5, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.plm.20210502.15
Page(s)	43-49
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Gene Expression, eNOS, Type 2 Diabetes, Depression, Real-Time-PCR, Nano Drop Spectophotometers

References

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[4]	Ghorbanalipour AA., Motamedi P., Rajabi H., et al. The Effect of Endurance Training on Angiostatin and Enos Gene Expression of Cardiac Tissue in Type 2 Diabetic Male Wistar Rats. J Arak Uni Med Sci. 2019; 21 (7): 112-122.
[5]	Rashid G, Benchetrit S, Fishman D, Bernheim J. Effect of advanced glycation end-products on gene expression and synthesis of TNF-α and endothelial nitric oxide synthase by endothelial cells. Kidney international. 2004 Sep 1; 66 (3): 1099-106.
[6]	Biasucci LM, La Rosa G, Mandolini C, Grimaldi MC, Crea F. IMBALANCE BETWEEN E-NOS AND MRP4 GENE EXPRESSION IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS MAY EXPLAIN THE HIGHER RISK OF NSTEMI IN DIABETIC SUBJECTS. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2017 Mar 21; 69 (11 Supplement): 201.
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[9]	Harris M, Zimmet P. Classification of diabetes mellitus and other categories of glucose intolerance. In: Alberti K, Zimmet P, and De Fronzo R. International Textbook of Diabetes Mellitus. Chichester: John Willey and Sons Ltd, 1997: 9-23.
[10]	Saely CH, Aczel S, Marte T, et al. Cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus depend on the coronary angiographic state rather than on the diabetes state. Diabetologia 2004; 47: 145-146.
[11]	DeFronzo RA, Bonadonna RC, Ferrannini E (2007). Pathogenesis of NIDDM. In Albert KGMM, Zimmet P, DeFronzo RA (eds) International Textbook of Diabetes Mellitus, 2^nd edn. Chichester: Wiley; pp 635-712.
[12]	Nyenwe EA, Jerkins TW, Umpierrez GE, Kitabchi AE. Management of type 2 diabetes: evolving strategies for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes. Metabolism 2011; 60: 1–23.
[13]	Aswar, U., Chepurwar, S., Shintre, S., & Aswar, M. (2017). Telmisartan attenuates diabetes induced depression in rats. Pharmacological reports, 69 (2), 358-364.
[14]	Jia, J., Arif, A., Terenzi, F., Willard, B., Plow, E. F., Hazen, S. L., & Fox, P. L. (2014). Target-selective protein S-nitrosylation by sequence motif recognition. Cell, 159 (3), 623–634.
[15]	Ding M, Lei J, Han H, Li W, Qu Y, Fu E, Fu F, Wang X. SIRT1 protects against myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury via activating eNOS in diabetic rats. Cardiovascular diabetology. 2015 Dec; 14 (1): 143.

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APA Style

Mahsa Khosrogardi, Mahsa Mohammad Amoli. (2021). The Relationship Between eNOS Gene Expression and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Depression. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 5(2), 43-49. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20210502.15

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ACS Style

Mahsa Khosrogardi; Mahsa Mohammad Amoli. The Relationship Between eNOS Gene Expression and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Depression. Pathol. Lab. Med. 2021, 5(2), 43-49. doi: 10.11648/j.plm.20210502.15

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AMA Style

Mahsa Khosrogardi, Mahsa Mohammad Amoli. The Relationship Between eNOS Gene Expression and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Depression. Pathol Lab Med. 2021;5(2):43-49. doi: 10.11648/j.plm.20210502.15

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@article{10.11648/j.plm.20210502.15,
  author = {Mahsa Khosrogardi and Mahsa Mohammad Amoli},
  title = {The Relationship Between eNOS Gene Expression and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Depression},
  journal = {Pathology and Laboratory Medicine},
  volume = {5},
  number = {2},
  pages = {43-49},
  doi = {10.11648/j.plm.20210502.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20210502.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.plm.20210502.15},
  abstract = {Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder caused by hyperglycemia which is the most common form of diabetes and causes impairment in insulin secretion and insulin resistance. Increased inflammatory elements such as eNOS can be associated with type 2 diabetes and depression. Therefore, the above study investigated the effect of eNOS gene expression on diabetes-related depression in patients with types 2 diabetes. This study is of case-control type. The participants of this study are those who referred to the diabetes outpatient clinic of Shariati Hospital. The present study was performed on 50 male and female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and depression, and 50 type 2 diabetic patients without depression as a control group. RNA extraction from blood was performed by a unique test kit and finally, gene expression was measured using quantitative Real-Time-PCR and NanoDrop spectophotometers. The expression of nitric oxide synthase gene in patients with type 2 diabetes and depression increased compared to people with type 2 diabetes without depression, which was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Regarding the increase of this enzyme in the case group, it can be said that the concentration of reactive oxygen or nitrogen species such as Superoxide (O2-), Nitric oxide (NO) and Peroxynitric acid (HNO4) can increase in conditions such as inflammation that inhibit the body’s natural defense and antioxidant activities. The present study showed that increased eNOS expression level is associated with post-diabetes depression. Therefore, it can be a good treatment goal for type 2 diabetic patients with depression.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - The Relationship Between eNOS Gene Expression and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Depression
AU - Mahsa Khosrogardi
AU - Mahsa Mohammad Amoli
Y1 - 2021/11/10
PY - 2021
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20210502.15
DO - 10.11648/j.plm.20210502.15
T2 - Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
JF - Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
JO - Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
SP - 43
EP - 49
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2640-4478
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20210502.15
AB - Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder caused by hyperglycemia which is the most common form of diabetes and causes impairment in insulin secretion and insulin resistance. Increased inflammatory elements such as eNOS can be associated with type 2 diabetes and depression. Therefore, the above study investigated the effect of eNOS gene expression on diabetes-related depression in patients with types 2 diabetes. This study is of case-control type. The participants of this study are those who referred to the diabetes outpatient clinic of Shariati Hospital. The present study was performed on 50 male and female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and depression, and 50 type 2 diabetic patients without depression as a control group. RNA extraction from blood was performed by a unique test kit and finally, gene expression was measured using quantitative Real-Time-PCR and NanoDrop spectophotometers. The expression of nitric oxide synthase gene in patients with type 2 diabetes and depression increased compared to people with type 2 diabetes without depression, which was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Regarding the increase of this enzyme in the case group, it can be said that the concentration of reactive oxygen or nitrogen species such as Superoxide (O2-), Nitric oxide (NO) and Peroxynitric acid (HNO4) can increase in conditions such as inflammation that inhibit the body’s natural defense and antioxidant activities. The present study showed that increased eNOS expression level is associated with post-diabetes depression. Therefore, it can be a good treatment goal for type 2 diabetic patients with depression.
VL - 5
IS - 2
ER -

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Author Information

Mahsa Khosrogardi

Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
Mahsa Mohammad Amoli

Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Tehran, Iran

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APA Style

Mahsa Khosrogardi, Mahsa Mohammad Amoli. (2021). The Relationship Between eNOS Gene Expression and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Depression. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 5(2), 43-49. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20210502.15

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ACS Style

Mahsa Khosrogardi; Mahsa Mohammad Amoli. The Relationship Between eNOS Gene Expression and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Depression. Pathol. Lab. Med. 2021, 5(2), 43-49. doi: 10.11648/j.plm.20210502.15

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AMA Style

Mahsa Khosrogardi, Mahsa Mohammad Amoli. The Relationship Between eNOS Gene Expression and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Depression. Pathol Lab Med. 2021;5(2):43-49. doi: 10.11648/j.plm.20210502.15

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@article{10.11648/j.plm.20210502.15,
  author = {Mahsa Khosrogardi and Mahsa Mohammad Amoli},
  title = {The Relationship Between eNOS Gene Expression and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Depression},
  journal = {Pathology and Laboratory Medicine},
  volume = {5},
  number = {2},
  pages = {43-49},
  doi = {10.11648/j.plm.20210502.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20210502.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.plm.20210502.15},
  abstract = {Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder caused by hyperglycemia which is the most common form of diabetes and causes impairment in insulin secretion and insulin resistance. Increased inflammatory elements such as eNOS can be associated with type 2 diabetes and depression. Therefore, the above study investigated the effect of eNOS gene expression on diabetes-related depression in patients with types 2 diabetes. This study is of case-control type. The participants of this study are those who referred to the diabetes outpatient clinic of Shariati Hospital. The present study was performed on 50 male and female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and depression, and 50 type 2 diabetic patients without depression as a control group. RNA extraction from blood was performed by a unique test kit and finally, gene expression was measured using quantitative Real-Time-PCR and NanoDrop spectophotometers. The expression of nitric oxide synthase gene in patients with type 2 diabetes and depression increased compared to people with type 2 diabetes without depression, which was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Regarding the increase of this enzyme in the case group, it can be said that the concentration of reactive oxygen or nitrogen species such as Superoxide (O2-), Nitric oxide (NO) and Peroxynitric acid (HNO4) can increase in conditions such as inflammation that inhibit the body’s natural defense and antioxidant activities. The present study showed that increased eNOS expression level is associated with post-diabetes depression. Therefore, it can be a good treatment goal for type 2 diabetic patients with depression.},
 year = {2021}
}

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