Cross-Education Effects of Motor-Level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Quadriceps Motor Function Recovery Among Stroke Survivours

Ayodele Teslim Onigbinde; Adeola Godwin Olubukola; Nwosu Ifeoma Blessing

doi:doi:10.11648/j.plm.20180202.12

| Peer-Reviewed

Cross-Education Effects of Motor-Level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Quadriceps Motor Function Recovery Among Stroke Survivours

Ayodele Teslim Onigbinde, Adeola Godwin Olubukola, Nwosu Ifeoma Blessing

Published in Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Volume 2, Issue 2)

Received: 24 October 2018 Accepted: 16 November 2018 Published: 19 December 2018

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

There has been speculation that stronger limbs of stroke survivors can be used to strengthen the homologous muscles on the weaker side through cross education using Motor-level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator (M-LTENS). Recently, there are demonstrations on apparently healthy individuals but there is dearth of empirical data to support this effect in stroke patients. The study aimed to investigate the cross education effects of M-LTENS on the affected knee extensors of stroke survivors when the unaffected homologous muscle group was stimulated. Twenty stroke survivors were recruited using purposive sampling technique. M-LTENS was used to stimulate the quadriceps group of muscles of the unaffected lower extremity for 6 weeks (85Hz and 100 microseconds). Strength values were quantified using the modified sphygmomanometer. The data were analysed using descriptive analysis and Inferential Statistics (paired t-test and Chi-square test of Association). The mean muscle strength of the unaffected quadriceps muscle at baseline was 471.96 ± 74.70N while that of affected was 167.83 ± 6.38N and the values significantly increased to 505.40 ± 83.50N and 191.96 ± 60.90N. (t=-6.23, P-value = 0.001; t=-8.71; P-value=0.001) respectively at the 6^th week. There was also significant difference between the unaffected and affected muscle group strength; both at baseline and after 6 weeks (t=16.89; P-value=0.001; t=14.951; P-value=0.001). It was concluded that there was cross education effect in contralateral (affected) quadriceps group of muscles in stroke survivors after the unaffected quadriceps muscle group was stimulated using motor-level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator for 6 weeks.

Published in	Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Volume 2, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.plm.20180202.12
Page(s)	35-40
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cross-Education, Motor-TENS, Quadriceps Motor Function, Stroke Survivours

References

[1]	Andrews AW, Bohannon RW. Distribution of muscle strength impairments following stroke. Clin Rehab. 2000; 14: 79-87.
[2]	Dawes H, Smith C, Collett J, Wade D, Howells K, Ramsbottom R, Izadi H, Sackley C. A pilot study to investigate explosive leg extensor power and walking performance after stroke. J Sports Sci Sports Med. 2005; 4: 556-562.
[3]	Stavric VA, McNair PJ. Optimizing muscle power after stroke: a cross-sectional study. J NeuroEng Rehabili. 2012; 9: 67.
[4]	Shamay SM, Christina H-CWY. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Combined with task-related training improves lower limb functions in patients with chronic stroke. Stroke. 2007; 38: 2953-2959.
[5]	Bohannon RW. Muscle strength and muscle training after stroke. J Rehabil Med. 2007; 39: 14-20.
[6]	Madhavan S, Krishnan C, Jayaraman A, Rymer WZ, Stinear JW. Corticospinal tract integrity correlates with knee extensor weakness in chronic stroke survivors. Clin Neurophysiol. 2011; 122: 1588-94.
[7]	Billinger SA, Arena R, Bernhardt J, Eng JJ, Franklin BA, Johnson CM, MacKay- Lyons M, Macko RF, Mead GE, Roth EJ. Physical Activity and Exercise Recommendations for Stroke Survivors A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2014; 45: 2532-53.
[8]	Onigbinde AT, Iyabo O, Olufemi OS. Relationship Between Lower Limb Muscle Strength and Selected Kinematic Gait Parameters In Hemiparetic Patients. Fisioterapi. 2008; 1: 4-8.
[9]	Onigbinde AT, Adeloye OO, Akindoyin O, Nesto T. Effect of motor-level transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on ipsilateral and un-stimulated contralateral quadriceps femoris. Technol Health care. 2014; 22: 759-66.
[10]	Wang W-T, Ling-Tzu H, Ya-Hui C, Ta-Sen W, Chung-Che L. Nonparetic Knee Extensor Strength Is the Determinant of Exercise Capacity of Community-Dwelling Stroke Survivors. The Scientific World Journal. 2014; 6: 769875.
[11]	Delorme TL, Watkins AL. Progressive Resistance Exercise, New York: Appleton century Crofts. JB&JS. 1951; 33: 558.
[12]	Chiu TW, Hui-Chan CW, Chein G. A randomized clinical trial of TENS and exercise for patients with chronic neck pain. Clin Rehabil. 2005; 19: 850-860.
[13]	Joodaki MR, Olyaei GR, Bagheri H. The effects of electrical nerve stimulation on lower extremity on H-Relfex and F-wave parameters. electromyogr clin neurophysiol. 2001; 41: 23-28.
[14]	Jonathan PF, Zehr PE. Restoring Symmetry: Clinical Applications of Cross-Education. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2014; 42: 70-75.
[15]	Ehrensberger M, Simpson D, Broderick P, Monaghan K. Cross-education of strength has a positive impact on post-stroke rehabilitation: a systematic literature review. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2016; 23: 126-35.
[16]	Hebert D, Lindsay MP, McIntyre A, Kirton A, Rumney PG. Canadian stroke best practice recommendations: Stroke rehabilitation practice guidelines. Stroke: Official J Int Stroke Society. 2016; 11(4): 459-484.
[17]	Russel Williams. Clinicians’ Perspectives on Cross-Education in Stroke Rehabilitation. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Rehabilitation Science Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, ERA-University of Alberta, © William Russell, 2016; 2016: 823081.
[18]	Kusuma Y, Venketasubramanian N, Kiemas LS, Misbach J. Burden of stroke in Indonesia. Int J Stroke. 2009 Oct; 4 (5): 379-80.
[19]	Johnson, M. I.; Ashton, C. H.; Thompson, J. W. An in-depth study of long-term users of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS): Implications for clinical use of TENS. Pain. 1991. 44: 221-9.
[20]	Kavac S, Metinr T, Omer A. Efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in alleviating impairments associated with diabetic neuropathy. Cell membranes and free radical approach. 2010; 2: 112-116.
[21]	Abe T, DeHoyos DV, Pollock ML, Garzarella L. Time course for strength and muscle thickness changes following upper and lower body resistance training in men and women. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2000; 81: 174.
[22]	Shield T, Zhou S. Effect of resistance training on the completeness of muscle activation. Book of abstracts, fifth IOC World Congress on Sport Sciences. Sydney, Australia. 1999; 8.
[23]	Zhou S. Cross education and neuromuscular adaptation during early stage of strength training. J Exerc Sci Fitness. 2003; 1: 54-60.
[24]	Miller L, Mattison P, Paul L, Wood L. The effect of Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on spasticity in multiple sclerosis. Multi Sclera. 2007; 13: 527-533.
[25]	Kennedy P, Lude P, Elfstrom ML, Smithson EF. pschological contributions to functional independence: a longitudinal investigation to spinal cord injury rehabilitation. Arch Med Phys Rehabil. 2011; 92: 597-602.
[26]	Sariyildiz M, Karachan I, Rezvani A, Ergin O, Cidem M. Cross-education of muscle strength: cross training effects are not confined to untrained contra-lateral muscle. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2011; 21: 359-364.
[27]	Carr JH, Mungovan SF, Shepherd RB, Dean CM, Nordholm LA. Physiotherapy in stroke rehabilitation: bases for Australian physiotherapists choice of treatment. Physio Theory and Pract. 1994; 10: 201-209.
[28]	Yue G, Cole KJ. Cross education and neuromuscularsadaptation during early stage of strength training. J Sports Med. 2003; 1: 54-60.
[29]	Hortobagyi T, Scott K, Hamilton G, Tracy J. in Zhou S. Cross education and neuromuscular adaptation during early stage of strength training. J exerc Sci Fitness. 2003; 1: 54-60.
[30]	Bemben MG, Murphy RE. in Zhou S. Cross education and neuromuscular adaptation during early stage of strength training. J Exerc Sci Fitness. 2003; 1: 54-60.
[31]	Chen L, David RN, Yang Z, Zhanglin C, Joseph AJ. Relationship between muscle mass and muscle strength, and the impact of comorbidities: a population-based, cross-sectional study of older adults in the United States. BMC Geriatrics. 2013; 13: 74.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Ayodele Teslim Onigbinde, Adeola Godwin Olubukola, Nwosu Ifeoma Blessing. (2018). Cross-Education Effects of Motor-Level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Quadriceps Motor Function Recovery Among Stroke Survivours. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 2(2), 35-40. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20180202.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Ayodele Teslim Onigbinde; Adeola Godwin Olubukola; Nwosu Ifeoma Blessing. Cross-Education Effects of Motor-Level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Quadriceps Motor Function Recovery Among Stroke Survivours. Pathol. Lab. Med. 2018, 2(2), 35-40. doi: 10.11648/j.plm.20180202.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Ayodele Teslim Onigbinde, Adeola Godwin Olubukola, Nwosu Ifeoma Blessing. Cross-Education Effects of Motor-Level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Quadriceps Motor Function Recovery Among Stroke Survivours. Pathol Lab Med. 2018;2(2):35-40. doi: 10.11648/j.plm.20180202.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.plm.20180202.12,
  author = {Ayodele Teslim Onigbinde and Adeola Godwin Olubukola and Nwosu Ifeoma Blessing},
  title = {Cross-Education Effects of Motor-Level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Quadriceps Motor Function Recovery Among Stroke Survivours},
  journal = {Pathology and Laboratory Medicine},
  volume = {2},
  number = {2},
  pages = {35-40},
  doi = {10.11648/j.plm.20180202.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20180202.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.plm.20180202.12},
  abstract = {There has been speculation that stronger limbs of stroke survivors can be used to strengthen the homologous muscles on the weaker side through cross education using Motor-level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator (M-LTENS). Recently, there are demonstrations on apparently healthy individuals but there is dearth of empirical data to support this effect in stroke patients. The study aimed to investigate the cross education effects of M-LTENS on the affected knee extensors of stroke survivors when the unaffected homologous muscle group was stimulated. Twenty stroke survivors were recruited using purposive sampling technique. M-LTENS was used to stimulate the quadriceps group of muscles of the unaffected lower extremity for 6 weeks (85Hz and 100 microseconds). Strength values were quantified using the modified sphygmomanometer. The data were analysed using descriptive analysis and Inferential Statistics (paired t-test and Chi-square test of Association). The mean muscle strength of the unaffected quadriceps muscle at baseline was 471.96 ± 74.70N while that of affected was 167.83 ± 6.38N and the values significantly increased to 505.40 ± 83.50N and 191.96 ± 60.90N. (t=-6.23, P-value = 0.001; t=-8.71; P-value=0.001) respectively at the 6th week. There was also significant difference between the unaffected and affected muscle group strength; both at baseline and after 6 weeks (t=16.89; P-value=0.001; t=14.951; P-value=0.001). It was concluded that there was cross education effect in contralateral (affected) quadriceps group of muscles in stroke survivors after the unaffected quadriceps muscle group was stimulated using motor-level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator for 6 weeks.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cross-Education Effects of Motor-Level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Quadriceps Motor Function Recovery Among Stroke Survivours
AU  - Ayodele Teslim Onigbinde
AU  - Adeola Godwin Olubukola
AU  - Nwosu Ifeoma Blessing
Y1  - 2018/12/19
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20180202.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.plm.20180202.12
T2  - Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
JF  - Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
JO  - Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
SP  - 35
EP  - 40
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-4478
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20180202.12
AB  - There has been speculation that stronger limbs of stroke survivors can be used to strengthen the homologous muscles on the weaker side through cross education using Motor-level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator (M-LTENS). Recently, there are demonstrations on apparently healthy individuals but there is dearth of empirical data to support this effect in stroke patients. The study aimed to investigate the cross education effects of M-LTENS on the affected knee extensors of stroke survivors when the unaffected homologous muscle group was stimulated. Twenty stroke survivors were recruited using purposive sampling technique. M-LTENS was used to stimulate the quadriceps group of muscles of the unaffected lower extremity for 6 weeks (85Hz and 100 microseconds). Strength values were quantified using the modified sphygmomanometer. The data were analysed using descriptive analysis and Inferential Statistics (paired t-test and Chi-square test of Association). The mean muscle strength of the unaffected quadriceps muscle at baseline was 471.96 ± 74.70N while that of affected was 167.83 ± 6.38N and the values significantly increased to 505.40 ± 83.50N and 191.96 ± 60.90N. (t=-6.23, P-value = 0.001; t=-8.71; P-value=0.001) respectively at the 6th week. There was also significant difference between the unaffected and affected muscle group strength; both at baseline and after 6 weeks (t=16.89; P-value=0.001; t=14.951; P-value=0.001). It was concluded that there was cross education effect in contralateral (affected) quadriceps group of muscles in stroke survivors after the unaffected quadriceps muscle group was stimulated using motor-level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator for 6 weeks.
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Ayodele Teslim Onigbinde

Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Adeola Godwin Olubukola

Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Nwosu Ifeoma Blessing

Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Awka, Nigeria

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Ayodele Teslim Onigbinde, Adeola Godwin Olubukola, Nwosu Ifeoma Blessing. (2018). Cross-Education Effects of Motor-Level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Quadriceps Motor Function Recovery Among Stroke Survivours. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 2(2), 35-40. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20180202.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Ayodele Teslim Onigbinde; Adeola Godwin Olubukola; Nwosu Ifeoma Blessing. Cross-Education Effects of Motor-Level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Quadriceps Motor Function Recovery Among Stroke Survivours. Pathol. Lab. Med. 2018, 2(2), 35-40. doi: 10.11648/j.plm.20180202.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Ayodele Teslim Onigbinde, Adeola Godwin Olubukola, Nwosu Ifeoma Blessing. Cross-Education Effects of Motor-Level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Quadriceps Motor Function Recovery Among Stroke Survivours. Pathol Lab Med. 2018;2(2):35-40. doi: 10.11648/j.plm.20180202.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.plm.20180202.12,
  author = {Ayodele Teslim Onigbinde and Adeola Godwin Olubukola and Nwosu Ifeoma Blessing},
  title = {Cross-Education Effects of Motor-Level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Quadriceps Motor Function Recovery Among Stroke Survivours},
  journal = {Pathology and Laboratory Medicine},
  volume = {2},
  number = {2},
  pages = {35-40},
  doi = {10.11648/j.plm.20180202.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20180202.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.plm.20180202.12},
  abstract = {There has been speculation that stronger limbs of stroke survivors can be used to strengthen the homologous muscles on the weaker side through cross education using Motor-level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator (M-LTENS). Recently, there are demonstrations on apparently healthy individuals but there is dearth of empirical data to support this effect in stroke patients. The study aimed to investigate the cross education effects of M-LTENS on the affected knee extensors of stroke survivors when the unaffected homologous muscle group was stimulated. Twenty stroke survivors were recruited using purposive sampling technique. M-LTENS was used to stimulate the quadriceps group of muscles of the unaffected lower extremity for 6 weeks (85Hz and 100 microseconds). Strength values were quantified using the modified sphygmomanometer. The data were analysed using descriptive analysis and Inferential Statistics (paired t-test and Chi-square test of Association). The mean muscle strength of the unaffected quadriceps muscle at baseline was 471.96 ± 74.70N while that of affected was 167.83 ± 6.38N and the values significantly increased to 505.40 ± 83.50N and 191.96 ± 60.90N. (t=-6.23, P-value = 0.001; t=-8.71; P-value=0.001) respectively at the 6th week. There was also significant difference between the unaffected and affected muscle group strength; both at baseline and after 6 weeks (t=16.89; P-value=0.001; t=14.951; P-value=0.001). It was concluded that there was cross education effect in contralateral (affected) quadriceps group of muscles in stroke survivors after the unaffected quadriceps muscle group was stimulated using motor-level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator for 6 weeks.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cross-Education Effects of Motor-Level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Quadriceps Motor Function Recovery Among Stroke Survivours
AU  - Ayodele Teslim Onigbinde
AU  - Adeola Godwin Olubukola
AU  - Nwosu Ifeoma Blessing
Y1  - 2018/12/19
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20180202.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.plm.20180202.12
T2  - Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
JF  - Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
JO  - Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
SP  - 35
EP  - 40
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-4478
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20180202.12
AB  - There has been speculation that stronger limbs of stroke survivors can be used to strengthen the homologous muscles on the weaker side through cross education using Motor-level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator (M-LTENS). Recently, there are demonstrations on apparently healthy individuals but there is dearth of empirical data to support this effect in stroke patients. The study aimed to investigate the cross education effects of M-LTENS on the affected knee extensors of stroke survivors when the unaffected homologous muscle group was stimulated. Twenty stroke survivors were recruited using purposive sampling technique. M-LTENS was used to stimulate the quadriceps group of muscles of the unaffected lower extremity for 6 weeks (85Hz and 100 microseconds). Strength values were quantified using the modified sphygmomanometer. The data were analysed using descriptive analysis and Inferential Statistics (paired t-test and Chi-square test of Association). The mean muscle strength of the unaffected quadriceps muscle at baseline was 471.96 ± 74.70N while that of affected was 167.83 ± 6.38N and the values significantly increased to 505.40 ± 83.50N and 191.96 ± 60.90N. (t=-6.23, P-value = 0.001; t=-8.71; P-value=0.001) respectively at the 6th week. There was also significant difference between the unaffected and affected muscle group strength; both at baseline and after 6 weeks (t=16.89; P-value=0.001; t=14.951; P-value=0.001). It was concluded that there was cross education effect in contralateral (affected) quadriceps group of muscles in stroke survivors after the unaffected quadriceps muscle group was stimulated using motor-level Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator for 6 weeks.
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download