| Peer-Reviewed

Comparative Study of Physico-Mechanical Properties Between Okra and E-glass Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene-based Composites

Received: 8 October 2019     Accepted: 1 November 2019     Published: 18 December 2019
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

Okra fiber (OF) reinforced polypropylene (PP) matrix composites (45 wt% fiber) were fabricated using a compression molding technique. To fabricate the composite treated Okra fiber were used. Tensile strength (TS), tensile modulus (TM), elongation at break (Eb%), bending strength (BS), bending modulus (BM), impact strength (IS) and hardness of the composites were found to be 38.5 MPa, 0.68 GPa, 8.2%, 72.5 MPa, 5.56 GPa, 22.87 kJ/m2, and 97 (Shore-A), respectively. Then E-glass fiber (woven)-reinforced polypropylene-based composites (45 wt% fiber) were fabricated and the mechanical properties (TS, TM, Eb%, BS, BM, IS, hardness) were found 80 MPa, 5 GPa, 11%, 81 MPa, 10 GPa, 32 kJ/m2, and 97 (Shore-A), respectively. After that compared E-glass fiber/PP based composites mechanical properties with those of the OF/PP based composites mechanical properties. It was observed that E-glass fiber-based composites showed almost double mechanical properties compared to OF/PP based composite. Water absorption and elongation percentage at break showed different scenario and it was noticed from the experimental study that water absorption and elongation at break (%) of was higher than E-glass based composites. After the flexural test, fracture surfaces of the E-glass/PP and OF/PP composites were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the results revealed that E-glass fiber reinforced based composites matrix adhesion less than the E-glass fiber reinforced based composites.

Published in Journal of Biomaterials (Volume 3, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.jb.20190302.12
Page(s) 42-49
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Polypropylene (PP), Okra Fiber (OF), E-glass Fiber, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Mechanical Properties, Matrix Adhesion, Composites

References
[1] Keya, K. N., Kona, N. A., Koly, F. A., Maraz, K. M., Islam, M. N., & Khan, R. A. (2019), Natural fiber reinforced polymer composites: history, types, advantages and applications. Materials Engineering Research, 1 (2), 69-85.
[2] V. Muthukumar, R. Venkatasamy, A. Sureshbabu, D. Arunkumar (2011), A Study on Mechanical Properties of Natural Fiber Reinforced Laminates of Epoxy (Ly 556) Polymer Matrix Composites, International Journal of Production Technology and Management Research, 2 (2), 67-72.
[3] Mishra, S., Mohanty, A. K., Drzal, L. T., Misra, M., Parija, S., Nayak, S. K. et al. (2003), Studies on Mechanical Performance of Biofibre/Glass Reinforced Polyester Hybrid Composites, Compos. Sci. Technol., 63 (10), 1377–1385.
[4] Cantero, G., Arbelaiz, A., Llano-Ponte, R. and Mondragon, I. (2003), Effects of Fiber Treatment on Wettability and Mechanical Behavior of Flax/Polypropylene Composites, Compos. Sci. Technol., 63 (9), 1247–1254.
[5] Joseph, P. V., Joseph, K. and Thomas, S. (2002), Short Sisal Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites: The Role of Interface Modification on Ultimate Properties, Compos. Interf. 9 (2): 171–205.
[6] Mohanty, A. K., Misra, M. and Hinrichsen, G. (2000), Biofibers, Biodegradable Polymer and Biocomposites: An Overview, Macromol. Mater. Eng., 276 (1), 1–24.
[7] Bullions, T. A., Gillespie, R. A., Price-O’Brien, J. and Loos, A. C. (2004), The Effect of Maleic Anhydride Modified Polypropylene on the Mechanical Properties of Feather Fiber, Kraft Pulp, Polypropylene Composites, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 92 (6), 3771–3783.
[8] T. Raja, Dr. P. Anand, M. Karthik and M. Sundaraj (2017), Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Natural Fibre reinforced Composites – A Review, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET), 8 (7), 915–924.
[9] Taha, I., & Ziegmann, G. (2006), A Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Natural Fiber Filled Biodegradable and Polyolefin Polymers. Journal of Composite Materials, 40 (21), 1933–1946.
[10] Shrikant M. Harle (2014), The Performance of Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites: Review, International Journal of Civil Engineering Research, 5 (3), 285-288.
[11] A. N. M. Masudur Rahman, Shah Alimuzzaman, Ruhul A. Khan, Md. Ershad Khan and Sheikh Nazmul Hoque (2018), Fabrication, Mechanical Characterization and Interfacial Properties of Okra Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites, International Journal of Engineering Materials and Manufacture, 3 (1), 18-31.
[12] Rahman, A. N. M. M., Alimuzzaman, S., & Khan, R. A. (2019), Improvement of Physical, Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Okra Fiber/Polypropylene Composites by UV Radiation. Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India): Series E.
[13] Alam, M. S., & Khan, G. A. (2007), Chemical analysis of Okra bast fiber (Abelmoschus esculentus) and its physico-chemical properties. Journal of Textile and Apparel Technology and Management, 5 (4).
[14] Joseph, P., Joseph, K., & Thomas, S. (2002), Short sisal fiber reinforced polypropylene composites: the role of interface modification on ultimate properties. Composite Interfaces, 9 (2), 171-205.
[15] Khan, G. A., Shaheruzzaman, M., Rahman, M., Razzaque, S. A., Islam, M. S., & Alam, M. S. (2009), Surface modification of Okra bast fiber and its physico-chemical characteristics. Fibers and Polymers, 10 (1), 65-70.
[16] Kamrun N. Keya, Nasrin A. Kona and Ruhul A. Khan (2019), Comparative Study of Jute, Okra and Pineapple Leaf Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Based Composite, Advanced Materials Research, 1155, 29-40.
[17] N. Srinivasababu, K. Murali Mohan Rao and J. Suresh Kumar, Tensile properties characterization of okra woven fiber reinforced polyester composites, International Journal of Engineering, (IJE), 3 (4), 403-412.
[18] I. V. Surendra, K. Venkateswara Rao and K. V. P. P. Chandu (2015), Fabrication and Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Sisal, Jute & Okra Natural Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Polymer Composites, International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT), 19 (2), 116-120.
[19] Porana Upendra and G. Satyanarayana (2019), Mechanical Behavior and Analysis of Okra and Pineapple Reinforced Composite Materials, 6 (6), 3895-3906.
[20] James Paul. K, IISd. Abdul Kalam (2016), Mechanical Properties of Okra Fiber Reinforced Composites Using Fem, International Journal of Advanced Research in Mechanical Engineering & Technology, 2 (2), 28-31.
[21] Miah, M., Ahmed, F., Hossain, A., Khan, A., and Khan, M. A. (2005), Study on mechanical and dielectric properties of jute fiber reinforced low-density polyethylene (LDPE) composites. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 44 (8-9), 1443-1456.
[22] Mishra, A., & Pal, S. (2007). Polyacrylonitrile-grafted Okra mucilage: A renewable reservoir to polymeric materials, Carbohydrate Polymers, 68 (1), 95-100.
[23] Raghu, K., Noorunnisa Khanam, P., and Venkata Naidu, S. (2008), Chemical Resistance Studies of Silk/Sisal Fiber-Reinforced Unsaturated Polyester-Based Hybrid Composites. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 29 (3), 343–345.
[24] Seelam Pichi Reddy and A. Chennakesava Reddy (2016), Tensile and Flexural Strength of OKRA Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites, International Journal of Engineering and Management Research, 6 (1), 491-495.
[25] Yusri H Muhammad, Sahrim Ahmad, Mimi A Abu Bakar, Abdullah A Mamun and Hans P Heim (2015), Mechanical properties of hybrid glass/kenaf fibre-reinforced epoxy composite with matrix modification using liquid epoxidised natural rubber, Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 34 (11), 896–906.
[26] E. Fortunati, D. Puglia, M. Monti, C. Santulli, M. Maniruzzaman, M. L. Foresti, A. Vazquez and J. M. Kenny (2013), Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Fibre Based PLA Composites: Mechanical Behaviour and Biodegradation, Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 21 (3), 726–737.
[27] Zhou, X. F., Wagner, H. D. and Nutt, S. R. (2001), Interfacial Properties of Polymer Composites Measured by Push-Out And Fragmentation Tests, Compos.: Part A, 32 (11), 1543–1551.
[28] Greenfield, M. J., Pedicini, A. and Penn, L. S. (2000), Development of a Single Fiber Fragmentation Test for High Strain Rates, Int. J. Adhesion Adhesives, 20 (5), 403–407.
[29] Mohanty, A., Khan, M. A., & Hinrichsen, G. (2000), Surface modification of jute and its influence on performance of biodegradable jute-fabric/Biopol composites. Composites Science and Technology, 60 (7), 1115-1124.
[30] Mohanty, A., Misra, M., & Hinrichsen, G. (2000), Biofibres, biodegradable polymers and biocomposites: an overview. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 276 (1), 1-24.
[31] Cabral, F. S., Paiva, M. C., Nunes, J. P. and Bernardo, C. A. (2003), A Novel Technique for the Interfacial Characterization of Glass Fiber-Polypropylene Systems, Polym. Testi, 22 (8), 907–913.
[32] I O Eze and I O Igwe (2018), Comparison of Some Mechanical Properties of Injection and Extrusion Moulded Pineapple Leaf Powder Filled High Density Polyethylene, European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology, 5 (4), 236-243.
[33] Potluri, R., James Paul, K., Abdul kalam, S., & Prasanthi, P. (2017), Mechanical Properties Characterization of Okra Fiber Based Green Composites & Hybrid Laminates. Materials Today: Proceedings, 4 (2), 2893–2902.
[34] X Ma, J Yu and JF Kennedy (2005), Studies on the Properties of Natural Fibre- Reinforced Thermoplastic Starch Composites and Carbohydrate Polymers, Journal of Science and Technology, 62, 119-124.
[35] BH Lee, HJ Kim and WR Yu (2009), Fabrication of Long and Discontinuous Natural Fibre Reinforced Polypropylene- Biocomposites and their Mechanical Properties, Fibres and Polymers, Polymer Science and Technology, 10, 283-298.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Kamrun Nahar Keya, Nasrin Afroz Kona, Ruhul Amin Khan. (2019). Comparative Study of Physico-Mechanical Properties Between Okra and E-glass Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene-based Composites. Journal of Biomaterials, 3(2), 42-49. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jb.20190302.12

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Kamrun Nahar Keya; Nasrin Afroz Kona; Ruhul Amin Khan. Comparative Study of Physico-Mechanical Properties Between Okra and E-glass Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene-based Composites. J. Biomater. 2019, 3(2), 42-49. doi: 10.11648/j.jb.20190302.12

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Kamrun Nahar Keya, Nasrin Afroz Kona, Ruhul Amin Khan. Comparative Study of Physico-Mechanical Properties Between Okra and E-glass Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene-based Composites. J Biomater. 2019;3(2):42-49. doi: 10.11648/j.jb.20190302.12

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.jb.20190302.12,
      author = {Kamrun Nahar Keya and Nasrin Afroz Kona and Ruhul Amin Khan},
      title = {Comparative Study of Physico-Mechanical Properties Between Okra and E-glass Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene-based Composites},
      journal = {Journal of Biomaterials},
      volume = {3},
      number = {2},
      pages = {42-49},
      doi = {10.11648/j.jb.20190302.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jb.20190302.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jb.20190302.12},
      abstract = {Okra fiber (OF) reinforced polypropylene (PP) matrix composites (45 wt% fiber) were fabricated using a compression molding technique. To fabricate the composite treated Okra fiber were used. Tensile strength (TS), tensile modulus (TM), elongation at break (Eb%), bending strength (BS), bending modulus (BM), impact strength (IS) and hardness of the composites were found to be 38.5 MPa, 0.68 GPa, 8.2%, 72.5 MPa, 5.56 GPa, 22.87 kJ/m2, and 97 (Shore-A), respectively. Then E-glass fiber (woven)-reinforced polypropylene-based composites (45 wt% fiber) were fabricated and the mechanical properties (TS, TM, Eb%, BS, BM, IS, hardness) were found 80 MPa, 5 GPa, 11%, 81 MPa, 10 GPa, 32 kJ/m2, and 97 (Shore-A), respectively. After that compared E-glass fiber/PP based composites mechanical properties with those of the OF/PP based composites mechanical properties. It was observed that E-glass fiber-based composites showed almost double mechanical properties compared to OF/PP based composite. Water absorption and elongation percentage at break showed different scenario and it was noticed from the experimental study that water absorption and elongation at break (%) of was higher than E-glass based composites. After the flexural test, fracture surfaces of the E-glass/PP and OF/PP composites were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the results revealed that E-glass fiber reinforced based composites matrix adhesion less than the E-glass fiber reinforced based composites.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Comparative Study of Physico-Mechanical Properties Between Okra and E-glass Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene-based Composites
    AU  - Kamrun Nahar Keya
    AU  - Nasrin Afroz Kona
    AU  - Ruhul Amin Khan
    Y1  - 2019/12/18
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jb.20190302.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.jb.20190302.12
    T2  - Journal of Biomaterials
    JF  - Journal of Biomaterials
    JO  - Journal of Biomaterials
    SP  - 42
    EP  - 49
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2640-2629
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jb.20190302.12
    AB  - Okra fiber (OF) reinforced polypropylene (PP) matrix composites (45 wt% fiber) were fabricated using a compression molding technique. To fabricate the composite treated Okra fiber were used. Tensile strength (TS), tensile modulus (TM), elongation at break (Eb%), bending strength (BS), bending modulus (BM), impact strength (IS) and hardness of the composites were found to be 38.5 MPa, 0.68 GPa, 8.2%, 72.5 MPa, 5.56 GPa, 22.87 kJ/m2, and 97 (Shore-A), respectively. Then E-glass fiber (woven)-reinforced polypropylene-based composites (45 wt% fiber) were fabricated and the mechanical properties (TS, TM, Eb%, BS, BM, IS, hardness) were found 80 MPa, 5 GPa, 11%, 81 MPa, 10 GPa, 32 kJ/m2, and 97 (Shore-A), respectively. After that compared E-glass fiber/PP based composites mechanical properties with those of the OF/PP based composites mechanical properties. It was observed that E-glass fiber-based composites showed almost double mechanical properties compared to OF/PP based composite. Water absorption and elongation percentage at break showed different scenario and it was noticed from the experimental study that water absorption and elongation at break (%) of was higher than E-glass based composites. After the flexural test, fracture surfaces of the E-glass/PP and OF/PP composites were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the results revealed that E-glass fiber reinforced based composites matrix adhesion less than the E-glass fiber reinforced based composites.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Radiation and Polymer Composite Laboratory, Institute of Radiation and Polymer Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh

  • Radiation and Polymer Composite Laboratory, Institute of Radiation and Polymer Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh

  • Radiation and Polymer Composite Laboratory, Institute of Radiation and Polymer Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh

  • Sections