Nigeria is naturally blessed with both savannah and tropical rainforests vegetation and these offer a wide distribution of plants believed to possesses secondary metabolites which are responsible for treating or curing various diseases. Several researches have been carried out in order to explore and identify the chemical compositions responsible for various pharmacological activities in Nigerian medicinal plants. This paper discussed the meaning and historical development of medicinal plants. A brief account of phytochemicals (alkaloids and flavonoids) were also given. The plants presented in this paper confirmed the pharmacological activities of these plants and includes; anticonvulsant, antioxidant, antibacterial, anxiolytic, antiinflammatory, antiulcer, anticancer, antiplasmodial, antitrypanosomal, antithypoid, antitumor, antileishmanial, antidiarrhoeal, antidiabetic, antituberculosis, analgesic as well as others.
Published in | Journal of Anesthesiology (Volume 6, Issue 1) |
DOI | 10.11648/j.ja.20180601.14 |
Page(s) | 15-25 |
Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Medicinal Plants, Phytochemicals, Pharmacological Properties
[1] | Motaleb M. A., et al., (2011). Selected Medicinal Plants of Chittagong Hills Tract. IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Dhaka Bangladdesh, pp xii+ 116. |
[2] | Afolabi F. and Afolabi O. J. (2013). Phytochemicals Constituents of some Medicinal Plants in South west, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Chemistry, 4(1): 76-78. |
[3] | Doughari J. H. (2012). Phytochemicals, Extraction Methods, Basic Structures and mode of Action as Potential Chemotherapeutic Agents, Phytochemicals - A Global Perspective of their role in Nutrition and Health. Dr. Venketeshwer Rao (Ed.). Intechopen Publishers. |
[4] | Araujo J. et al., (2012). A Phytochemical and Ethnopharmacological review of Genus Erythrina, Phytochemicals - A Global Perspective of their role in Nutrition and Health. Dr. Venketeshwer Rao (Ed.). Intechopen Publishers. |
[5] | Adoum O. A. (2016). Screening of Medicinal Plants Native of Kano and Jigawa States of Northern Nigeria Using Artemia cysts (Brine Shrimp Test). American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4(1):7-10. |
[6] | Anokwuru C. P., Anyasor G. N., Ajibaye O., Fakoya O., and Okebugwu P. (2011). Effect of Extraction Solvents on Phenolic, Flavonoids and Antioxidant Activities of three Nigerian Medicinal Plants. Nature and Science, 9(7): 53-61. |
[7] | Borde V. et al., (2014). Isolation and Purification of Alkaloids from Medicinal Plants by HPLC. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 3(1): 414-423. |
[8] | Merina N. et al., (2012). Medicinal Plants with Potential Anticancer Activities: A Review. International Research Journal of Pharmacy, 3(6): 26-30. |
[9] | Sakarkar D. M. and Deshmukh V. N. (2011). Ethnopharmacological Review of Traditional Medicinal Plants for Anticancer Activity. International Journal of PharmTech Research, 3(1): 398-308. |
[10] | Mbhele N. et al., (2015). In vitro Studies on the Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Antidiabetic Potential of Cephalaria gigantea. Bangladdesh Journal of Pharmacol, 10: 214-221. |
[11] | Amri E. (2014). The role of Selected Plants Families with Dietary Ethnomedicinal Species used as Anticancer. Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies, 2(1): 28-39. |
[12] | Ramos W. L. B. et al., (2012). Selecting Medicinal Plants for Development of Phytomedicines and use in Primary Health care, Bioactive Compounds in Phytomedicine, Prof I Rasooli (Ed.). Intechopen Publishers. |
[13] | Djordjevic S. M. (2017). From Medicinal Plants raw Materials to Herbal Remedies. Intechopen Publishers. |
[14] | Mshelia H. E. (2016). Exploring the Nigerian Natural Products from Plants Through Ethnobotany for National Development. Being a Paper Presented at 15th National Conference of Students Chemical Society of Nigeria, ABU Zaria 30th August- 3rd September, 2016. |
[15] | Tadeusz A. (2007). Alkaloids - secrets of life. Amsterdam: Elsevier. |
[16] | Eleazu C. O., Eleazu C. K., Awa E., and Chukwuma S. C. (2012). Comparative Study of the Phytochemical Composition of the Leaves of five Nigerian Medicinal Plants. E3 Journal of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, 3(2): 42-46. |
[17] | Ndukwe O. K., Awomukwu D. and Ukpabi C. F. (2013). Comparative Evaluation of Phytochemicals and Mineral Constituents of the Leaves of some Medicinal Plants in Abia State Nigeria. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 2(3): 244-252. |
[18] | Nduche M. U., Edeoga O. H., Omosun G., and Nwankwo D. (2015). Evaluation of the Chemical Composition of Five Nigerian Medicinal Plants. Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 10(2): 27-31. |
[19] | Oludare O. T., and Bamidele O. O. (2015). Phytochemical Screening of ten Nigerian Medicinal Plants. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 2(4): 390-396. |
[20] | Singh R. (2012). Medicinal Plants: A Review. Journal of Plants Sciences, 3(1-1):50-55. |
[21] | Diaz G., Miranda I. L. and M. A. N. Diaz (2015). Quinolines, Isoquinolines, Angustureine and Congeneric Alkaloids- Occurrence, Chemistry and Biological Activity. Intechopen publishers. |
[22] | Lu J. J., Bao J. L., Chen X. P., Huang M. and Wang Y. T. (2012). Alkaloids Isolated from Natural Herbs as the Anticancer Agents. Evidence -Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. doi:10.1155/2012/485012. |
[23] | Sibi G., Aspara V., and Lepakshi G. (2014). Isolation and Characterization of Antimicrobial Alkaloids from Plumera alba Flowers Against Food Borne Pathogens. American Journal of Life Sciences, 2(6-1): 1-6. |
[24] | Vaghora B. and Shukla V. (2016). Impact of Different Phytochemical Classes and Ayurvedic Plants in Battle Against Cancer. International Journal of Pharma Sciences and Research, 7(10): 406-418. |
[25] | Welegergs G. G., Hulif K., Mulaw S., Gebretsadik H., Tekluu B., and Temesgen A. (2015). Isolation, Structural Elucidation and Bioactivity Studies of Tropane Derivatives of Alkaloids from Seeds Extract of Datura Stramonium. Science Journal of Chemistry, 3(5):78-83. |
[26] | Nijveldt R. J., Van Nood E., Van Hoorn D. E. C., Boelens P. G., Van Norren K., and Van Leeuwen P. A. M. (2001). Flavonoids: A review of probable mechanisms of action and potential applications. American Journal of clinical Nutrition, 74:418-425. |
[27] | Lakhanpal P. and Kumar D. R. (2007). Quercetin: A Versatile Flavonoids. Internet Journal of Medical Update, 2(2): 22-37. |
[28] | Marais J. P. J. et al., (2006). The stereochemistry of flavonoids. Springer science + Business media Inc. USA. |
[29] | Kumar K. and Pandey A. K. (2013). Chemistry and Biological Activities of Flavonoids: An Overview. The Scientific World Journal, 1-17. |
[30] | Huiduan L. and Jianzhong Y. (2016). Optimal Enzyme-Assisted Ethanol Extraction of Flavonoids from Broccoli by RSM and Research on Antioxidant Effects. Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering, 1(1): 12-20. |
[31] | Huiduan L. and Jianzhong Y. (2017). Study on extract methodology of total flavonoids from ginger and hydroxyl radical scavenging effect. American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, 1(2): 21-30. |
[32] | Agrawal A. D. (2011). Pharmacological activities of flavonoids: A review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology, 4(2): 1394-1398. |
[33] | Tapas A.R. et al., (2008). Flavonoids and Nutraceuticals: A Review. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research,7(3): 1089-1099. |
[34] | Mann A. and Ogbadoyi E. O. (2012). Evaluation of Medicinal Plants from Nupeland for their In vivo Antitrypanosomal Activity. American Journal of biochemistry, 2(1):1-6. |
[35] | Abubakar S. et al., (2014). Nutritional and Pharmacological Potentials of Leptadenia hastata (Pers.) Decne. Ethanolic Leaves Extract. Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 2(1):51-55. |
[36] | Hoekou P. Y. et al., (2015). Antibacterial Activities of Three Latex Plants of Asclepiadaceae Family used in Traditional Medicine in South Togo. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 4(5):882-891. |
[37] | Omeh et al., (2016). Preliminary Study of the Contractile Effects of the Aqueous Extract of Leptadenia Hastata leaf (Pers Decne) on Rat Uterus. Journal of Veterinary Advances, 6(3): 1217-1221. |
[38] | Bello A. et al., (2011a). Phytochemical Screening, Polyphenolic Content and Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Potentials of Leptadenia hastata (Pers.) Decne. Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 19(2): 181-186. |
[39] | Bello A. et al., (2011b). Hypoglyceamic and Hypolipideamic Effects of Leptadenia hastata (Pers.) Decne in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rat. Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 19(2): 187-192. |
[40] | Abubakar U. S., Danmalam U. H., Ahmed A., Abdullahi S., Abba A. and Rukayya N. (2016). GC-MS Analysis of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Fiscus sycomorus Root Linn. (Moraceae). Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 9(2):30-34. |
[41] | Abubakar U. S., Danmalam U. H., Musa K. Y., Banni Z., Yahaya I., Abba A. and Sani A. (2015). Phytochemical and antimicrobial screening of Methanol root bark Extract of Fiscus sycomorus Linn. (Moraceae). Nigeria Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 14(2): 1-6. |
[42] | Dauda G., Haruna A. K., Musa A. M., Hassan B., Muhammad I. M., and Magaji M. G. (2016). In-vivo Antimalarial Activity of Ethanol leaf Extract of Globimetula oreophila (Hook. F) Danser Azadirachta indica. Biological and Environmental Sciences Journal for the Tropics, 13(2): 55-59. |
[43] | Oluwole O., Osungunna M. O., and Abimbola Y. (2013). Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Screening of Globimetula oreophila (Oliv.) van Tiegh Phragmanthera capitata (Spreng) Balle. International Journal of Green Pharmacy, 7:127-130. |
[44] | Yerima M., Magaji M. G., Yaro A. H., Tanko Y. and Muhammad M. M. (2009). Analgesic and Antiinflammatory Activities of the Methanolic Leaves Extract of Securinega virosa (Euphorbiaceae). Nigeria Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 8(1):47-53. |
[45] | Magaji M. G. et al., (2008). Preliminary Studies on Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Activities of Securinega virosa (Euphorbiaceae) in Experimental Animal Models. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2(2): 39-44. |
[46] | Musa A. M. et al., (2008). Phytochemical and some Neuropharmacological Studies on the Methanolic Leaf Extracts of Cissus cornifolia (Vitaceae) in Mice. International Journal of Pharmacology, 4(2): 145-148. |
[47] | Yaro A. H., Musa A. M., Yau J., and Nazifi A. B. (2015a). Anticonvulsant Properties of Methanol root bark Extract of Cissus cornifolia Plant (Vitaceae) in Mice and Chicks. Biological and Environmental Sciences Journal for the Tropics, 12(1): 634-639. |
[48] | Hassan H. S., Musa A. M., Usman M. A., and Abdulaziz M. (2009). Preliminary Phytochemical and Antispasmodic Studies of the stem bark of Boswellia dalzielli. Nigeria Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 8(1): 1-6. |
[49] | Manzo L. M. et al., (2017). Phytochemical Screening of Selected Medicinal Plants Used Against Diarrhea in Niger, West Africa. International Journal of Herbal Medicine, 5(4): 32-38. |
[50] | Ohadoma C. S. et al., (2016). Assessment of Antimicrobial Activity of Ethanol Extracts of Commiphora africana and Boswellia dalzielli. UK Journal of Pharmaceutical and Bioscience, 4(3): 1-5. |
[51] | Lawal M. S. et al., (2016). Antimicrobial Potential of Parkia clappertoniana Jacq, Boswellia dalzielli hutch and Carica papaya L. Ethanolic Extract on Multi-drug Resistant Diarrheal Salmonellae and Shigellae Bacteria. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1(3): 27-33. |
[52] | Salisu Y., Agunu A., Abubakar M. S. and Ibrahim G. (2009). Hypoglyceamic Effects of Acacia albida (Mimosaceae) Methanol root bark Extract. Nigeria Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 8(1):66-72. |
[53] | Karoune S. et al., (2016). Variability of Antioxidant Properties and Identification of Phenolic Contents by HPLC-DAD in Different Organs of Acacia albida and Acacia raddiana. International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research, 8(5): 701-709. |
[54] | Abdullahi M. H., Anuka J. A., Yaro A. H., and Aliyu M. (2015a). Preliminary Phytochemical Screening and Pharmacological Effects of Aqueous stem bark Extract of Combretum micranthum G. Don (Combretaceae) on Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscles. Biological and Environmental Sciences Journal for the Tropics, 12(1): 644-649. |
[55] | Abdullahi M. H., Anuka J. A., Yaro A. H., and Aliyu M. (2015b). Antinociceptive and Antiinflammatory Properties of Aqueous stem bark Extract of Combretum micranthum G. Don. Biological and Environmental Sciences Journal for the Tropics, 12(1): 660-664 |
[56] | Chika A. Bello S. O. (2010). Antihyperglycemic Activity of Aqueous leaf Extract of Combretum micranthum (Combretaceae) in Normal and Alloxan Induced Diabetic rat. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 129(1): 34-37. |
[57] | Ibrahim A. et al., (2017). Combined Effects of Antioxidant Properties of Gymnema sylvestre and Combretum micranthum leaf Extracts and the Relationship Hypoglycemia. European Scientific Journal, 13(36): 266-281. |
[58] | Maiha B. B., Magaji M. G., Yaro A. H., Hamza A. H., Ahmed S. T. and Magaji R. A. (2009). Anticonvulsant studies on and Paullinia pinnata Extracts in Laboratory Animals. Nigeria Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 8(1):102-108. |
[59] | Voukeng et al., I. K. (2016). Antibacterial Activity of six Medicinal Cameroonian Plants Against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Multidrug Resistant Phenotypes. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 16:388, 2-9. |
[60] | Lunga P. K. et al., (2014). Antithypoid and Radical Scavenging Properties of the Methanol Extracts and Compounds from the Aerial part of Paullinia pinnata. Springerplus, 3:302, 1-9. |
[61] | Patience D. A. T. et al., (2017). Subchronic and Chronic Antiinflammatory Property of the Aqueous Extract of Dried Leaves of Paullinia pinnata ( Sapindaceae) Linn. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences, 8(5): 586-596. |
[62] | Abdullahi M. I., Hamza A. N., Sada H., Abdullahi M. S., and Musa A. M. (2016). Antimicrobial and Phytochemical Screening of Cassia alata (Caesalpiniaceae) root Extracts. Biological and Environmental Sciences Journal for the Tropics, 13(2):114-117. |
[63] | Timothy S. Y., Lamu F. W., Rhoda A. S., Adati R. G., Maspalma I. D., and Askira M. (2012). Acute Toxicity, Phytochemistry and Antibacterial Activity of Aqueous and Ethanolic leaf Extracts of Cassia alata Linn. International Research Journal of Pharmacy, 3(6): 73-76. |
[64] | Moriyama H. et al., (2004). Antiinflammatory Activity of heat-treated Cassia alata leaf Extract and its Flavonoid Glycoside. Yakugaku Zasshi, 123(7): 607-611. |
[65] | Yaro A. H., Malami S., Yau J., Sagoe C. N., and Anuka J. A. (2015b). Some Behavioural Studies on Methanol root bark Extract of Burkea africana (Fabaceae) in Mice. Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 8(2): 216-219. |
[66] | Tor-Anyiin T. M. and Anyam J. V. (2013). Phytochemical Evaluation and Antibacterial Activity: A Comparison of Various Extracts from some Nigerian Tree. Peak Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 1(2): 13-18. |
[67] | Malterud K. E. (2017). Ethnopharmacology, Chemistry and Biological Properties of four Malian Medicinal Plants. Plants, 6(11): 1-13. |
[68] | Nahannu M. S., Kabo K. S., and Halima H. M. (2014). A Review of the Ethnomedicinal and Phytochemical Studies of some Selected Plants in Kumbotso Local Government area. Kano Journal of Science Education, 9(1): 121-125. |
[69] | Upadhyay R. K. (2014). Ethnomedicinal, Pharmaceutical and Pesticidal uses of Calotropis procera (Aiton) ( Family: Asclepiadaceae). International Journal of Green Pharmacy, 8: 135-146. |
[70] | Sabo A. A., Nafisa M. A., Bilkisu B. A., and Habiba M. (2014). Effect of Calotropis procera leaf Exudate on Clinical Pathogenic Microorganism Isolates from Murtala Specialist Hospital Kano State Nigeria. Kano Journal of Science Education, 9(1): 92-96. |
[71] | Abd El-Ghani M. M. (2016). Traditional Medicinal Plants of Nigeria: An Overview. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America, 7(5): 220-247. |
[72] | Wada A. S., Yaro A. H., Aliyu M., and Danjuma N. M. (2017). Evaluation of Anticonvulsant Activities of Ethanol stem bark Extract of Hymenocardia acida Tull (Euphorbiaceae) in Mice and Chicks. Nigerian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 16(2): 6-13. |
[73] | Ogbunugafor H. et al., (2010). Effects of Extracts of Hymenocardia acida Tul (Hymenocardiaceae) on rats. Journal of American Science, 6(2): 143-146. |
[74] | Tor-Anyiin T. M. et al., (2013). Phytochemical and Medicinal Activities of Hymenocardia acida Tul (Euphorbiaceae): A Review. Journal of Natural Products and Plants Resources, 3(4): 11-16. |
[75] | Hyacinth A. A. and Nwocha U. C. (2011). Antifertility Activity of Aqueous Ethanolic Extract of Hymenocardia acida stem bark in Female rats. Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine, 9(3): 217-222. |
[76] | Babaiwa U. F., Erharuyi O., Falodun A., and Akerele J. O. (2017). Phytochemical and Antioxidant Properties of Citrullus lanatus Seed Extracts. Nigerian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 16(2): 55-60. |
[77] | Kumawat G. et al., (2017). Citrullus lanatus: An Overview on Pharmacological Activities. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Archives, 8(1): 6-9. |
[78] | Rahman H. et al., (2013). In vitro Antioxidant Activity of Citrullus lanatus Seed Extracts. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 6(3): 152-157. |
[79] | Deshmukh C. D. et al., (2015). Phytochemical and Pharmacological Profile of Citrullus lanatus (THUNB). Biolife, 3(2): 483-488. |
[80] | Mshelia H. E. et al., (2017). Phytochemical Screening, Free Radical Scavenging and Antibacterial Activity of Cassia Sieberiana root bark Extracts. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioresources, 14(1): 75-82. |
[81] | Awomukwu D. A. et al., (2015). Comparative Chemical Constituents of some Cassia Species and their Pharmacognostic Importance in South Eastern, Nigeria. Science Journal of Chemistry, 3(3): 40-49. |
[82] | Ibekwe N. N. et al., (2014). Some Nigerian Antituberculosis Ethnomedicines: A Preliminary Efficacy Assessment. Journal of Ethnopharmacol, 155(1): 524-532. |
[83] | Nahannu M.S. et al., (2017). Phytochemical and Antidiarrheal studies of leaves extract of Clerodedrum aculeatum. A paper presented at 2nd National Science education conference, SRCOE, Kumbotso Kano 31st October to 3rd November. |
[84] | Nwankwo I. U., and Ukaegbu-Obi K. M. (2014). Preliminary Phytochemicals and Antibacterial Activity of two Nigerian Medicinal Plants (Ficus asperipolia and Terminalis catappa). Journal of Medicinal Plants and Herbal Research, 2:1-6. |
[85] | Gandhi P. P. et al., (2015). Efficacy of Terminalia catappa L. wood and bark Against some Fungal Species. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 4(9): 74-80. |
[86] | Venkatalakshmi P. et al., (2016). Phytopharmacological Significance of Terminalia catappa L.: An Updated Review. International Journal of Research in Ayurveda Pharmacy, 7(2): 130-137. |
[87] | Chanda S. et al., (2011). Antimicrobial Activity of Terminalia catappa L. Leaf Extracts Against some Clinically Important Pathogenic Microbial Strains. Chinese Medicine, 2: 171-177. |
[88] | Venkatalakshmi P., and Brindha P. (2016). Antimicrobial activity of aqueous extracts of different parts of Terminallia catappa L. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 5(12): 493-498. |
[89] | Mohale D. S. et al., (2009). Brief Review on Medicinal Potential of Terminalia catappa. Journal of Herbal Medicine and Toxicology, 3(1): 7-11. |
[90] | Awa E. P. et al., (2012). GC/MS Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Diethyl Ether Fraction on Methanolic Extract from the stem bark of Annona senegalensis Pers. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 3(11): 4213-4218. |
[91] | Mustapha A. A. (2013). Annona senegalensis Persoon: A Multipurpose Shrub, it's Phytotherapic, Phytopharmacological, and Phytomedicinal uses. International Journal of Science and Technology, 2(12): 862-865. |
[92] | Suleiman M. M. et al., (2014). Evaluation of Analgesic and Antiinflammatory Effects of the Crude Methanol Extract of the stem bark of Annona senegalensis Pers. International Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 4(2): 88-96. |
[93] | Igwe S. A. and Nwobodo N. N. (2014). Anticonvulsant Activity of Aqueous Root Extract of Annona senegalensis Pers. International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research, 2(8): 2441-2447. |
[94] | Anthony O. O. et al., (2017). Assessment of Antifungal Activity of Annona senegalensis Plant Parts of Malassezia globosa. Natural Products Chemistry and Research, 5(7): 1-5. |
[95] | Salawu M. O. et al., (2016). Antimalarial Potentials of Aqueous Root and Leaf Extract of Axonopus compressus in Plasmodium berghei Infected Mice. Nigerian Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 29: 2700-2714. |
[96] | Ola S. S. et al., (2014). Comparative Studies on the Antioxidant Potential of Three Medicinal Plants Commonly used in the Treatment of Hemorrhoids. Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 4(1): 59-66. |
[97] | Lakshmi K. R. et al., (2016). A Review on Hypoglyceamic Activity of Different Extracts of Various Medicinal Plants. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 7(8): 3173-3178. |
[98] | Olorunnisola O. S. et al., (2016). Ethnopharmacological and In vitro Antidiabetic study of some Medicinal Plants Commonly used in Ogbomoso South Western Nigeria. Journal of Applied Biosciences, 105: 10064-10084. |
[99] | Akpantah A. O. et al., (2014). The Effect of Ethanolic Extracts of Bryophylum pinnatum on the Micro Anatomy of the Testes of Adult Males Wister rats. European Journal of Biology and Medical Science Research, 2(2): 37-44. |
[100] | Kaur N. et al., (2014). A Review on Bryophylum pinnatum- a Medicinal Herb. Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Innovation, 1(3): 13-19. |
[101] | Begum Y. (2014). Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Heliotropicum indicum. The Experiment, 23(1): 1564-1569. |
[102] | Roy A. (2015). Pharmacological Activities of Indian Heliotrope (Heliotropium indicum L.): A Review. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 4(3): 101-104. |
[103] | Boye A. et al., (2012). Analgesic Activity and Safety Assessment of Heliotropium indicum Linn (Boraginaceae) in Rodents. International Journal of Pharmacology, pp 1-10. |
[104] | Irshad S. et al., (2012). In vitro Antibacterial Activities of three Medicinal Plants Using Agar well Diffusion Method. Research Journal of Biology, 2(1): 1-8. |
[105] | Malviya S. et al., (2011). Medicinal Attributes to Acacia nilotica Linn- a Comprehensive Review on Ethnopharmacological Claims. International Journal of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 2(6): 830-837. |
[106] | Akuodor G. C. et al., (2011). Evaluation of the Antidiarrheal Activity of the Methanol Leaf Extract of Bombax buonopozense in Rat. Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, 3(1): 15-20. |
[107] | Essien A. D. et al., (2016). Pharmacological Evaluation of the Aqueous stem bark Extract of Bombax buonopozense in the Relief of Pain and Fever. African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 10(5): 59-65. |
[108] | Aliyu M. and Chedi B. A. Z. (2011). Effects of the Ethanolic Stem bark Extracts of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir (Fabaceae) on some Isolated Smooth Muscle. Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 3(1): 34-38. |
[109] | Noufou O. et al., (2017). Biological and Phytochemicals Investigations of Extracts from Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir (Fabaceae) Root Bark. African Journal of Traditional Complement and Alternative Medicine, 14(1): 187-195. |
[110] | Aloke C. et al., (2012). Effects of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides Leaves on Blood Glucose, Lipid Profile and some Liver Enzymes in Alloxan Induced Diabetic rat. International Journal of Science and Nature, 3(3): 497-501. |
[111] | Idenyi J. et al., (2009). Antioxidant Activity of diet Formulated from Selected Leafy Vegetables Commonly Available and Consumed in Abalaliki, Nigeria. Internet Journal of Alternative Medicine, 8(2): 1-6. |
[112] | Ogunbolude Y. et al., (2014). Effects of Tapinanthus globiferus and Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides Extracts on Human Leukocytes In vitro. Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology, 3(4): 167-172. |
[113] | Mann A. et al., (2007). Antimicrobial Potentials of Anogeissus leiocarpus and Terminalia avicennioides in Treating Infectious Diseases Prevalent in Hospital Environment in Nigeria. Journal of Women Technical Education and Exmpl, 5: 67-74. |
[114] | Mann A. et al., (2008). Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Activity of Terminalia avicennioides Extracts Against some Bacteria Pathogens Associated with Patients Suffering from Complicated Respiratory Tract Diseases. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2: 94-97. |
[115] | Mann S. et al., (2011). Brine shrimp toxicity evaluation of the root bark extract of Terminalia avicennioides. African Journal of Scientific Research, 4(1): 221-228. |
[116] | Mann A. et al., (2011). Antimycobacterial Friedelane-Terpenoid from the root bark of Terminalia avicennioides. American Journal of Chemistry, 1(2): 52-55. |
[117] | Mann A. et al., (2012). Isolation and Elucidation of Three Triterpenoids and its Antimycobacterial Activity of Terminalia avicennioides. American Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2(2): 14-20. |
[118] | Dougnon V. T. et al., (2017). Chemical Composition, Cytotoxicity, and Antibacterial Activity of Selected Extracts of Euphorbia hirta, Citrus aurantifolia, and Heterotis rotundifolia on Enteropathogenic Bacteria. EC Microbiology, 12(2): 180-195. |
[119] | Edeoga H. E. et al., (2005). Phytochemicals Constituents of some Nigerian Medicinal Plants. African Journal of Biotechnology, 4(7): 685-688. |
[120] | Abubakar A. et al., (2012). The Identification of Putative Antitrypanosomal Compounds in Tridax procumbens Extracts. International Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 2(1): 185-194. |
[121] | Chika U. C. et al., (2017). Evaluation of Phytochemical Contents of Emilia coccinea Leaves. Journal of Medicinal Botany, 1: 47-50. |
[122] | Okoro I. O. et al., (2014). Antidiabetic Effect of Cleome rutidosperma DC and Senecio Biafrea (Oliv and Hiern) Extracts in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic rat. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 5(6): 2490-2507. |
[123] | Ebenezer O. A. et al., (2014). Fibrinolytic Activity of Some Nigerian Medicinal Plants. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2: 177-184. |
[124] | Hassan A.B. et al., (2016). In-Vivo Antimalarial Activity of the Ethyl Alcohol leaves extract of Uvaria chamae P. Beauv (Annonacea). Biological and Environmental Sciences Journal for the Tropics, 13(2): 135-139. |
[125] | Nkechi V. O. et al., (2011). Ethnobotanical Survey of Medicinal Plants used in the Treatment of Animal Diarrhoea in Plateau state, Nigeria. BMC Veterinary Research, 7(36). |
[126] | Mishra A. et al., (2016). Therapeutic Significance and Pharmacological Activities of Antidiarrhoeal Medicinal Plants Mention in Ayurveda: A Review. Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology, pp 1-18. |
[127] | Ibrahim H. A. et al., (2012). The Potential of Nigerian Medicinal Plants as Antimalarial Agent: A Review. International Journal of Science and Technology, 2(8): 600-605. |
[128] | Atawodi S. E. (2004). Antioxidant Potential of African Medicinal Plants. African Journal of Biotechnology, 4(2): 128-133. |
[129] | Mann A., Gbate M. and Nda A. U. (2004). Medicinal and Economic Plants of Nupeland, Jube-Evans Books and Publications, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria. |
[130] | Ibrahim H. A., et al., (2012). Ethnobotanical Survey of the wild Edible Food Plants Consumption among local Communities in Kano State, North-west, Nigeria. International Journal of Science and Technology, 2(10): 713-717. |
[131] | Arya A. et al., (2012). Screening for Hypoglycemic Activity on the Leaf Extracts of Nine Medicinal Plants: In vivo Evaluation. E-Journal of Chemistry, 9(3): 1196-1205. |
APA Style
Rabiu Musa Kutama, Safiyya Abdulkadir, Sani Ahmad Kwalli, Gambo Chiroma. (2018). Phytochemical Compositions in Some Nigerian Medicinal Plants and Their Pharmacological Properties: A Review. International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine, 6(1), 15-25. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ja.20180601.14
ACS Style
Rabiu Musa Kutama; Safiyya Abdulkadir; Sani Ahmad Kwalli; Gambo Chiroma. Phytochemical Compositions in Some Nigerian Medicinal Plants and Their Pharmacological Properties: A Review. Int. J. Anesth. Clin. Med. 2018, 6(1), 15-25. doi: 10.11648/j.ja.20180601.14
AMA Style
Rabiu Musa Kutama, Safiyya Abdulkadir, Sani Ahmad Kwalli, Gambo Chiroma. Phytochemical Compositions in Some Nigerian Medicinal Plants and Their Pharmacological Properties: A Review. Int J Anesth Clin Med. 2018;6(1):15-25. doi: 10.11648/j.ja.20180601.14
@article{10.11648/j.ja.20180601.14, author = {Rabiu Musa Kutama and Safiyya Abdulkadir and Sani Ahmad Kwalli and Gambo Chiroma}, title = {Phytochemical Compositions in Some Nigerian Medicinal Plants and Their Pharmacological Properties: A Review}, journal = {International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine}, volume = {6}, number = {1}, pages = {15-25}, doi = {10.11648/j.ja.20180601.14}, url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ja.20180601.14}, eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ja.20180601.14}, abstract = {Nigeria is naturally blessed with both savannah and tropical rainforests vegetation and these offer a wide distribution of plants believed to possesses secondary metabolites which are responsible for treating or curing various diseases. Several researches have been carried out in order to explore and identify the chemical compositions responsible for various pharmacological activities in Nigerian medicinal plants. This paper discussed the meaning and historical development of medicinal plants. A brief account of phytochemicals (alkaloids and flavonoids) were also given. The plants presented in this paper confirmed the pharmacological activities of these plants and includes; anticonvulsant, antioxidant, antibacterial, anxiolytic, antiinflammatory, antiulcer, anticancer, antiplasmodial, antitrypanosomal, antithypoid, antitumor, antileishmanial, antidiarrhoeal, antidiabetic, antituberculosis, analgesic as well as others.}, year = {2018} }
TY - JOUR T1 - Phytochemical Compositions in Some Nigerian Medicinal Plants and Their Pharmacological Properties: A Review AU - Rabiu Musa Kutama AU - Safiyya Abdulkadir AU - Sani Ahmad Kwalli AU - Gambo Chiroma Y1 - 2018/04/14 PY - 2018 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ja.20180601.14 DO - 10.11648/j.ja.20180601.14 T2 - International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine JF - International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine JO - International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine SP - 15 EP - 25 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2997-2698 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ja.20180601.14 AB - Nigeria is naturally blessed with both savannah and tropical rainforests vegetation and these offer a wide distribution of plants believed to possesses secondary metabolites which are responsible for treating or curing various diseases. Several researches have been carried out in order to explore and identify the chemical compositions responsible for various pharmacological activities in Nigerian medicinal plants. This paper discussed the meaning and historical development of medicinal plants. A brief account of phytochemicals (alkaloids and flavonoids) were also given. The plants presented in this paper confirmed the pharmacological activities of these plants and includes; anticonvulsant, antioxidant, antibacterial, anxiolytic, antiinflammatory, antiulcer, anticancer, antiplasmodial, antitrypanosomal, antithypoid, antitumor, antileishmanial, antidiarrhoeal, antidiabetic, antituberculosis, analgesic as well as others. VL - 6 IS - 1 ER -