The Possible Relation Between Ancient Monuments and Geophysical Anomalies

Lydia Giannoulopoulou de Leon; Angelos Evangelou; Stavros Papamarinopoulos

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijsts.20221004.12

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The Possible Relation Between Ancient Monuments and Geophysical Anomalies

Lydia Giannoulopoulou de Leon, Angelos Evangelou, Stavros Papamarinopoulos

Published in International Journal of Science, Technology and Society (Volume 10, Issue 4)

Received: 22 November 2021 Accepted: 21 December 2021 Published: 12 July 2022

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Abstract

The location and concomitant potential geophysical properties of monumental sites is rarely considered in archaeology. In a previous paper by the same authors, the types of various geophysical anomalies are analyzed: geoelectrical, hydrogeophysical, geological. These anomalies originate mainly a) from the crystalline content of the geological environment being under stress due to seismogenous faults, b) from the flow of charged underground water passing through porous material c) from conductivity discontinuities. Their effect on biology is also examined and is found to be negative over a long term exposure. This paper constitutes a tentative attempt to open a discussion on the possible connection of geophysical anomalies and ancient monuments, so that more detailed studies, statistically robust, can be carried out in various countries. The study’s objective is to research the possible relationship between ancient monuments’ location and of the pre-existing geophysical anomalies in that location prior to the construction of the temple, which is not taken into account by archaeologists and/or historians. The geophysical properties of various selected temples around the world are examined. Geomagnetic, radioactive radiation, acoustic and electromagnetic measurements of other researchers within the location of ancient monuments are presented. The concept of hormesis and its possible relation to the function of ancient monuments is being addressed: the beneficial or not effect on the human biology of the geophysical anomaly within the area occupied by the monument depends on the intensity of the geophysical anomaly and a person’s exposure time. Various geophysical maps, including radon, seismic faults, hydrogeological and geological maps, were used superimposing the location of important ancient monuments in Europe, to examine whether they are placed on a geophysical anomaly of some type. Megalithic monuments of Portugal, Spain, UK, and France are included, as well as important temples of Greece. Various Ancient Greek Temples are examined in detail. In UK, France, Spain and Portugal, most megalithic monuments seem to be placed in areas with high radon levels; important Ancient Greek temples seem to be placed on faults, as well as on conductivity discontinuities and over underground water. There seems to be some indication that ancient people had some awareness of magnetism; maybe they were led to built temples upon what we can recognize today as geophysical anomalies. Following this study, 50 ancient Greek monuments including temples of Asclepius, Oracle centers and other temples will be analyzed in detail through in situ measurements of geophysics and biomedicine and the produced data will give substantial statistical results.

Published in	International Journal of Science, Technology and Society (Volume 10, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijsts.20221004.12
Page(s)	135-149
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Geophysical Anomalies, Geopathic Stress, Temples, Hormesis, Magnetism, Radiation, Healing

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Lydia Giannoulopoulou de Leon, Angelos Evangelou, Stavros Papamarinopoulos. (2022). The Possible Relation Between Ancient Monuments and Geophysical Anomalies. International Journal of Science, Technology and Society, 10(4), 135-149. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20221004.12

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Lydia Giannoulopoulou de Leon; Angelos Evangelou; Stavros Papamarinopoulos. The Possible Relation Between Ancient Monuments and Geophysical Anomalies. Int. J. Sci. Technol. Soc. 2022, 10(4), 135-149. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsts.20221004.12

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Lydia Giannoulopoulou de Leon, Angelos Evangelou, Stavros Papamarinopoulos. The Possible Relation Between Ancient Monuments and Geophysical Anomalies. Int J Sci Technol Soc. 2022;10(4):135-149. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsts.20221004.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijsts.20221004.12,
  author = {Lydia Giannoulopoulou de Leon and Angelos Evangelou and Stavros Papamarinopoulos},
  title = {The Possible Relation Between Ancient Monuments and Geophysical Anomalies},
  journal = {International Journal of Science, Technology and Society},
  volume = {10},
  number = {4},
  pages = {135-149},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijsts.20221004.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20221004.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijsts.20221004.12},
  abstract = {The location and concomitant potential geophysical properties of monumental sites is rarely considered in archaeology. In a previous paper by the same authors, the types of various geophysical anomalies are analyzed: geoelectrical, hydrogeophysical, geological. These anomalies originate mainly a) from the crystalline content of the geological environment being under stress due to seismogenous faults, b) from the flow of charged underground water passing through porous material c) from conductivity discontinuities. Their effect on biology is also examined and is found to be negative over a long term exposure. This paper constitutes a tentative attempt to open a discussion on the possible connection of geophysical anomalies and ancient monuments, so that more detailed studies, statistically robust, can be carried out in various countries. The study’s objective is to research the possible relationship between ancient monuments’ location and of the pre-existing geophysical anomalies in that location prior to the construction of the temple, which is not taken into account by archaeologists and/or historians. The geophysical properties of various selected temples around the world are examined. Geomagnetic, radioactive radiation, acoustic and electromagnetic measurements of other researchers within the location of ancient monuments are presented. The concept of hormesis and its possible relation to the function of ancient monuments is being addressed: the beneficial or not effect on the human biology of the geophysical anomaly within the area occupied by the monument depends on the intensity of the geophysical anomaly and a person’s exposure time. Various geophysical maps, including radon, seismic faults, hydrogeological and geological maps, were used superimposing the location of important ancient monuments in Europe, to examine whether they are placed on a geophysical anomaly of some type. Megalithic monuments of Portugal, Spain, UK, and France are included, as well as important temples of Greece. Various Ancient Greek Temples are examined in detail. In UK, France, Spain and Portugal, most megalithic monuments seem to be placed in areas with high radon levels; important Ancient Greek temples seem to be placed on faults, as well as on conductivity discontinuities and over underground water. There seems to be some indication that ancient people had some awareness of magnetism; maybe they were led to built temples upon what we can recognize today as geophysical anomalies. Following this study, 50 ancient Greek monuments including temples of Asclepius, Oracle centers and other temples will be analyzed in detail through in situ measurements of geophysics and biomedicine and the produced data will give substantial statistical results.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Possible Relation Between Ancient Monuments and Geophysical Anomalies
AU  - Lydia Giannoulopoulou de Leon
AU  - Angelos Evangelou
AU  - Stavros Papamarinopoulos
Y1  - 2022/07/12
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20221004.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijsts.20221004.12
T2  - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society
JF  - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society
JO  - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society
SP  - 135
EP  - 149
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-7420
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20221004.12
AB  - The location and concomitant potential geophysical properties of monumental sites is rarely considered in archaeology. In a previous paper by the same authors, the types of various geophysical anomalies are analyzed: geoelectrical, hydrogeophysical, geological. These anomalies originate mainly a) from the crystalline content of the geological environment being under stress due to seismogenous faults, b) from the flow of charged underground water passing through porous material c) from conductivity discontinuities. Their effect on biology is also examined and is found to be negative over a long term exposure. This paper constitutes a tentative attempt to open a discussion on the possible connection of geophysical anomalies and ancient monuments, so that more detailed studies, statistically robust, can be carried out in various countries. The study’s objective is to research the possible relationship between ancient monuments’ location and of the pre-existing geophysical anomalies in that location prior to the construction of the temple, which is not taken into account by archaeologists and/or historians. The geophysical properties of various selected temples around the world are examined. Geomagnetic, radioactive radiation, acoustic and electromagnetic measurements of other researchers within the location of ancient monuments are presented. The concept of hormesis and its possible relation to the function of ancient monuments is being addressed: the beneficial or not effect on the human biology of the geophysical anomaly within the area occupied by the monument depends on the intensity of the geophysical anomaly and a person’s exposure time. Various geophysical maps, including radon, seismic faults, hydrogeological and geological maps, were used superimposing the location of important ancient monuments in Europe, to examine whether they are placed on a geophysical anomaly of some type. Megalithic monuments of Portugal, Spain, UK, and France are included, as well as important temples of Greece. Various Ancient Greek Temples are examined in detail. In UK, France, Spain and Portugal, most megalithic monuments seem to be placed in areas with high radon levels; important Ancient Greek temples seem to be placed on faults, as well as on conductivity discontinuities and over underground water. There seems to be some indication that ancient people had some awareness of magnetism; maybe they were led to built temples upon what we can recognize today as geophysical anomalies. Following this study, 50 ancient Greek monuments including temples of Asclepius, Oracle centers and other temples will be analyzed in detail through in situ measurements of geophysics and biomedicine and the produced data will give substantial statistical results.
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Lydia Giannoulopoulou de Leon

Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
Angelos Evangelou

Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
Stavros Papamarinopoulos

Department of Geology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece

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APA Style

Lydia Giannoulopoulou de Leon, Angelos Evangelou, Stavros Papamarinopoulos. (2022). The Possible Relation Between Ancient Monuments and Geophysical Anomalies. International Journal of Science, Technology and Society, 10(4), 135-149. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20221004.12

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ACS Style

Lydia Giannoulopoulou de Leon; Angelos Evangelou; Stavros Papamarinopoulos. The Possible Relation Between Ancient Monuments and Geophysical Anomalies. Int. J. Sci. Technol. Soc. 2022, 10(4), 135-149. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsts.20221004.12

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AMA Style

Lydia Giannoulopoulou de Leon, Angelos Evangelou, Stavros Papamarinopoulos. The Possible Relation Between Ancient Monuments and Geophysical Anomalies. Int J Sci Technol Soc. 2022;10(4):135-149. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsts.20221004.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijsts.20221004.12,
  author = {Lydia Giannoulopoulou de Leon and Angelos Evangelou and Stavros Papamarinopoulos},
  title = {The Possible Relation Between Ancient Monuments and Geophysical Anomalies},
  journal = {International Journal of Science, Technology and Society},
  volume = {10},
  number = {4},
  pages = {135-149},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijsts.20221004.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20221004.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijsts.20221004.12},
  abstract = {The location and concomitant potential geophysical properties of monumental sites is rarely considered in archaeology. In a previous paper by the same authors, the types of various geophysical anomalies are analyzed: geoelectrical, hydrogeophysical, geological. These anomalies originate mainly a) from the crystalline content of the geological environment being under stress due to seismogenous faults, b) from the flow of charged underground water passing through porous material c) from conductivity discontinuities. Their effect on biology is also examined and is found to be negative over a long term exposure. This paper constitutes a tentative attempt to open a discussion on the possible connection of geophysical anomalies and ancient monuments, so that more detailed studies, statistically robust, can be carried out in various countries. The study’s objective is to research the possible relationship between ancient monuments’ location and of the pre-existing geophysical anomalies in that location prior to the construction of the temple, which is not taken into account by archaeologists and/or historians. The geophysical properties of various selected temples around the world are examined. Geomagnetic, radioactive radiation, acoustic and electromagnetic measurements of other researchers within the location of ancient monuments are presented. The concept of hormesis and its possible relation to the function of ancient monuments is being addressed: the beneficial or not effect on the human biology of the geophysical anomaly within the area occupied by the monument depends on the intensity of the geophysical anomaly and a person’s exposure time. Various geophysical maps, including radon, seismic faults, hydrogeological and geological maps, were used superimposing the location of important ancient monuments in Europe, to examine whether they are placed on a geophysical anomaly of some type. Megalithic monuments of Portugal, Spain, UK, and France are included, as well as important temples of Greece. Various Ancient Greek Temples are examined in detail. In UK, France, Spain and Portugal, most megalithic monuments seem to be placed in areas with high radon levels; important Ancient Greek temples seem to be placed on faults, as well as on conductivity discontinuities and over underground water. There seems to be some indication that ancient people had some awareness of magnetism; maybe they were led to built temples upon what we can recognize today as geophysical anomalies. Following this study, 50 ancient Greek monuments including temples of Asclepius, Oracle centers and other temples will be analyzed in detail through in situ measurements of geophysics and biomedicine and the produced data will give substantial statistical results.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Possible Relation Between Ancient Monuments and Geophysical Anomalies
AU  - Lydia Giannoulopoulou de Leon
AU  - Angelos Evangelou
AU  - Stavros Papamarinopoulos
Y1  - 2022/07/12
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20221004.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijsts.20221004.12
T2  - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society
JF  - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society
JO  - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society
SP  - 135
EP  - 149
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-7420
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20221004.12
AB  - The location and concomitant potential geophysical properties of monumental sites is rarely considered in archaeology. In a previous paper by the same authors, the types of various geophysical anomalies are analyzed: geoelectrical, hydrogeophysical, geological. These anomalies originate mainly a) from the crystalline content of the geological environment being under stress due to seismogenous faults, b) from the flow of charged underground water passing through porous material c) from conductivity discontinuities. Their effect on biology is also examined and is found to be negative over a long term exposure. This paper constitutes a tentative attempt to open a discussion on the possible connection of geophysical anomalies and ancient monuments, so that more detailed studies, statistically robust, can be carried out in various countries. The study’s objective is to research the possible relationship between ancient monuments’ location and of the pre-existing geophysical anomalies in that location prior to the construction of the temple, which is not taken into account by archaeologists and/or historians. The geophysical properties of various selected temples around the world are examined. Geomagnetic, radioactive radiation, acoustic and electromagnetic measurements of other researchers within the location of ancient monuments are presented. The concept of hormesis and its possible relation to the function of ancient monuments is being addressed: the beneficial or not effect on the human biology of the geophysical anomaly within the area occupied by the monument depends on the intensity of the geophysical anomaly and a person’s exposure time. Various geophysical maps, including radon, seismic faults, hydrogeological and geological maps, were used superimposing the location of important ancient monuments in Europe, to examine whether they are placed on a geophysical anomaly of some type. Megalithic monuments of Portugal, Spain, UK, and France are included, as well as important temples of Greece. Various Ancient Greek Temples are examined in detail. In UK, France, Spain and Portugal, most megalithic monuments seem to be placed in areas with high radon levels; important Ancient Greek temples seem to be placed on faults, as well as on conductivity discontinuities and over underground water. There seems to be some indication that ancient people had some awareness of magnetism; maybe they were led to built temples upon what we can recognize today as geophysical anomalies. Following this study, 50 ancient Greek monuments including temples of Asclepius, Oracle centers and other temples will be analyzed in detail through in situ measurements of geophysics and biomedicine and the produced data will give substantial statistical results.
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
ER  -

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