National Referenda in Ukraine: Main Results and Consequences

Khrienko Tat’yana Viktorovna

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijsts.20210906.15

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National Referenda in Ukraine: Main Results and Consequences

Khrienko Tat’yana Viktorovna

Published in International Journal of Science, Technology and Society (Volume 9, Issue 6)

Received: 23 September 2021 Accepted: 12 November 2021 Published: 27 November 2021

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Abstract

The article contains scientific interpretation of the outcomes and identification of the defining characteristics of translation into practice of the main results of the referenda, which were held in Ukraine over the period from 1991 to 2000. During the period at hand, the total of three national referenda took place in Ukraine: on 17 March, 1 December, 1991, and 16 April, 2000. The author considers the key points regarding organizing and holding of such referenda as aforesaid based on the official data and those obtained by the author. The author specifically focuses on the fact that out of the seven questions put up for the referenda only one was carried into effect - the confirmation of the Declaration of Independence Act of Ukraine (12.01.1991). The rest of the results were ignored by the authorities. Based on the example of Ukraine, the nature of the influence of both external and internal factors on general poll organization is identified for the first time in a consolidated manner. The author also presents scientific data in order to prove the idea that in the contemporary environment it is essential to adhere to democratic principles in the course of public life management and especially when addressing fundamental issues of the government administration system. In this regard, the referendum (general poll), as a most important institution of democracy, is extremely important. The article also accentuates the imperative that "human rights" must be respected, including, inter alia, both the right to participate in referenda (general polls) and the right to demand translation of their outcomes into practice. Furthermore, the author for the first time systemically examines organization and procedure of referenda (general polls) in Ukraine and translation of their results into practice, using forms and methods of research object scientific analysis which are traditional for political sociology. In the present paper, the author primarily uses and refers to official documents and fundamental assessments by political leaders who were involved in the process of organizing and holding referenda in Ukraine.

Published in	International Journal of Science, Technology and Society (Volume 9, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijsts.20210906.15
Page(s)	289-293
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Referendum, Public Opinion Poll, Ukraine, Independence, Democracy, State Sovereignty, Referendum Results

References

[1]	Aksenov I. V. (2019) The institute of referendum in a number of countries of Eastern Europe and Russia: comparative analysis [Text] // Scientific journal Discourse-P. No. 3 (36). P.
[2]	Ponomarenko A. N (2019) Constitutional and supranational standards in the sphere of referendum and the right of peoples to self-determination [Text] //Zakon I Pravo. No. 5. P. 57-60.
[3]	Kochev V. A., Romashov P. A. (2019) Constitutional and legal nature of the referendum institute [Text] // Perm University News Bulletin. Legal sciences. Issue 45. С. 386-417.
[4]	message of the Central Commission of the referendum of the Union of the USSR on the results of the referendum of the USSR held on March 17, 1991 // Pravda. 1991. March 27.
[5]	on the results of the referendum of the USSR, which took place on March 17, 1991 (from the message of the Central Commission of the referendum of the USSR) // Izvestia. (1991). March 27.
[6]	Declaration of state sovereignty of Ukraine. July 16, 1990 / / Sobranie Zakonodatelstva Rossiyskoy Federatsii (VVR). 1990. №31. P. 429.
[7]	act of declaration of independence of Ukraine. 1991. The Verkhovna Rada Of Ukraine. August 24, 1991 / / Vedomosti Verkhovnoi Rada (VVR). 1991. №38. p. 502.
[8]	appeal of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of Ukraine on the eve of the referendum on the act of independence of Ukraine, August 24, 1991. Ukrainian propaganda before the independence referendum in 1991 [electronic resource] // history of propaganda. 04.08.2013.-https://www.propagandahistory.ru/1266/Ukrainskaya-agitatsiya-pered-referendumom-o-nezavisimosti-v-1991-godu.
[9]	Information on the results of the All-Ukrainian referendum on December 1, 1991 [electronic resource]//archives.gov.ua/Sections/15-ir_Ref/index.php.
[10]	Kravchuk: the attempt to subdue Ukraine will be the last day for Russia [electronic resource] // Vzglyad. Business newspaper. 2016. August 22.- https://vz.ru/news/2016/8/22/828140.html.
[11]	Kravchuk told about his state crime of twenty years ago [electronic resource]// Technopolis tomorrow. 2011. December 8. - http://kramtp.info/novosti/politika/full/19569].
[12]	Stanislav Shushkevich: "I don't regret anything" " [electronic resource] // Nezavisimaya Gazeta. 2010. April 20. -http://www.ng.ru/ng_politics/2010-04-20/15_shushkevich.html.
[13]	April 16, 2000-All-Ukrainian referendum [electronic resource] / / NGO "Committee of voters in Ukraine" -http://cvu.org.ua/eng/nodes/view/type:elections/slug:2000_vseukrajinsky_referendum.
[14]	Constitution of Ukraine. As of 25.10. (2021). [Text]. Ukraine: Scientific Literature Center LLC. 64 p.
[15]	state statistics service of Ukraine. Statistical information. Official website [electronic resource] – ukrstat.gov.ua – last modified date: 22. 02. 2019.

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Khrienko Tat’yana Viktorovna. (2021). National Referenda in Ukraine: Main Results and Consequences. International Journal of Science, Technology and Society, 9(6), 289-293. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20210906.15

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Khrienko Tat’yana Viktorovna. National Referenda in Ukraine: Main Results and Consequences. Int. J. Sci. Technol. Soc. 2021, 9(6), 289-293. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsts.20210906.15

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Khrienko Tat’yana Viktorovna. National Referenda in Ukraine: Main Results and Consequences. Int J Sci Technol Soc. 2021;9(6):289-293. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsts.20210906.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ijsts.20210906.15,
  author = {Khrienko Tat’yana Viktorovna},
  title = {National Referenda in Ukraine: Main Results and Consequences},
  journal = {International Journal of Science, Technology and Society},
  volume = {9},
  number = {6},
  pages = {289-293},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijsts.20210906.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20210906.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijsts.20210906.15},
  abstract = {The article contains scientific interpretation of the outcomes and identification of the defining characteristics of translation into practice of the main results of the referenda, which were held in Ukraine over the period from 1991 to 2000. During the period at hand, the total of three national referenda took place in Ukraine: on 17 March, 1 December, 1991, and 16 April, 2000. The author considers the key points regarding organizing and holding of such referenda as aforesaid based on the official data and those obtained by the author. The author specifically focuses on the fact that out of the seven questions put up for the referenda only one was carried into effect - the confirmation of the Declaration of Independence Act of Ukraine (12.01.1991). The rest of the results were ignored by the authorities. Based on the example of Ukraine, the nature of the influence of both external and internal factors on general poll organization is identified for the first time in a consolidated manner. The author also presents scientific data in order to prove the idea that in the contemporary environment it is essential to adhere to democratic principles in the course of public life management and especially when addressing fundamental issues of the government administration system. In this regard, the referendum (general poll), as a most important institution of democracy, is extremely important. The article also accentuates the imperative that "human rights" must be respected, including, inter alia, both the right to participate in referenda (general polls) and the right to demand translation of their outcomes into practice. Furthermore, the author for the first time systemically examines organization and procedure of referenda (general polls) in Ukraine and translation of their results into practice, using forms and methods of research object scientific analysis which are traditional for political sociology. In the present paper, the author primarily uses and refers to official documents and fundamental assessments by political leaders who were involved in the process of organizing and holding referenda in Ukraine.},
 year = {2021}
}

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T1  - National Referenda in Ukraine: Main Results and Consequences
AU  - Khrienko Tat’yana Viktorovna
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N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20210906.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijsts.20210906.15
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AB  - The article contains scientific interpretation of the outcomes and identification of the defining characteristics of translation into practice of the main results of the referenda, which were held in Ukraine over the period from 1991 to 2000. During the period at hand, the total of three national referenda took place in Ukraine: on 17 March, 1 December, 1991, and 16 April, 2000. The author considers the key points regarding organizing and holding of such referenda as aforesaid based on the official data and those obtained by the author. The author specifically focuses on the fact that out of the seven questions put up for the referenda only one was carried into effect - the confirmation of the Declaration of Independence Act of Ukraine (12.01.1991). The rest of the results were ignored by the authorities. Based on the example of Ukraine, the nature of the influence of both external and internal factors on general poll organization is identified for the first time in a consolidated manner. The author also presents scientific data in order to prove the idea that in the contemporary environment it is essential to adhere to democratic principles in the course of public life management and especially when addressing fundamental issues of the government administration system. In this regard, the referendum (general poll), as a most important institution of democracy, is extremely important. The article also accentuates the imperative that "human rights" must be respected, including, inter alia, both the right to participate in referenda (general polls) and the right to demand translation of their outcomes into practice. Furthermore, the author for the first time systemically examines organization and procedure of referenda (general polls) in Ukraine and translation of their results into practice, using forms and methods of research object scientific analysis which are traditional for political sociology. In the present paper, the author primarily uses and refers to official documents and fundamental assessments by political leaders who were involved in the process of organizing and holding referenda in Ukraine.
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Author Information

Khrienko Tat’yana Viktorovna

Crimean Academy of Sciences, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Crimea, Russian Federation

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APA Style

Khrienko Tat’yana Viktorovna. (2021). National Referenda in Ukraine: Main Results and Consequences. International Journal of Science, Technology and Society, 9(6), 289-293. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20210906.15

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ACS Style

Khrienko Tat’yana Viktorovna. National Referenda in Ukraine: Main Results and Consequences. Int. J. Sci. Technol. Soc. 2021, 9(6), 289-293. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsts.20210906.15

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AMA Style

Khrienko Tat’yana Viktorovna. National Referenda in Ukraine: Main Results and Consequences. Int J Sci Technol Soc. 2021;9(6):289-293. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsts.20210906.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ijsts.20210906.15,
  author = {Khrienko Tat’yana Viktorovna},
  title = {National Referenda in Ukraine: Main Results and Consequences},
  journal = {International Journal of Science, Technology and Society},
  volume = {9},
  number = {6},
  pages = {289-293},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijsts.20210906.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20210906.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijsts.20210906.15},
  abstract = {The article contains scientific interpretation of the outcomes and identification of the defining characteristics of translation into practice of the main results of the referenda, which were held in Ukraine over the period from 1991 to 2000. During the period at hand, the total of three national referenda took place in Ukraine: on 17 March, 1 December, 1991, and 16 April, 2000. The author considers the key points regarding organizing and holding of such referenda as aforesaid based on the official data and those obtained by the author. The author specifically focuses on the fact that out of the seven questions put up for the referenda only one was carried into effect - the confirmation of the Declaration of Independence Act of Ukraine (12.01.1991). The rest of the results were ignored by the authorities. Based on the example of Ukraine, the nature of the influence of both external and internal factors on general poll organization is identified for the first time in a consolidated manner. The author also presents scientific data in order to prove the idea that in the contemporary environment it is essential to adhere to democratic principles in the course of public life management and especially when addressing fundamental issues of the government administration system. In this regard, the referendum (general poll), as a most important institution of democracy, is extremely important. The article also accentuates the imperative that "human rights" must be respected, including, inter alia, both the right to participate in referenda (general polls) and the right to demand translation of their outcomes into practice. Furthermore, the author for the first time systemically examines organization and procedure of referenda (general polls) in Ukraine and translation of their results into practice, using forms and methods of research object scientific analysis which are traditional for political sociology. In the present paper, the author primarily uses and refers to official documents and fundamental assessments by political leaders who were involved in the process of organizing and holding referenda in Ukraine.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - National Referenda in Ukraine: Main Results and Consequences
AU  - Khrienko Tat’yana Viktorovna
Y1  - 2021/11/27
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20210906.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijsts.20210906.15
T2  - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society
JF  - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society
JO  - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society
SP  - 289
EP  - 293
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-7420
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20210906.15
AB  - The article contains scientific interpretation of the outcomes and identification of the defining characteristics of translation into practice of the main results of the referenda, which were held in Ukraine over the period from 1991 to 2000. During the period at hand, the total of three national referenda took place in Ukraine: on 17 March, 1 December, 1991, and 16 April, 2000. The author considers the key points regarding organizing and holding of such referenda as aforesaid based on the official data and those obtained by the author. The author specifically focuses on the fact that out of the seven questions put up for the referenda only one was carried into effect - the confirmation of the Declaration of Independence Act of Ukraine (12.01.1991). The rest of the results were ignored by the authorities. Based on the example of Ukraine, the nature of the influence of both external and internal factors on general poll organization is identified for the first time in a consolidated manner. The author also presents scientific data in order to prove the idea that in the contemporary environment it is essential to adhere to democratic principles in the course of public life management and especially when addressing fundamental issues of the government administration system. In this regard, the referendum (general poll), as a most important institution of democracy, is extremely important. The article also accentuates the imperative that "human rights" must be respected, including, inter alia, both the right to participate in referenda (general polls) and the right to demand translation of their outcomes into practice. Furthermore, the author for the first time systemically examines organization and procedure of referenda (general polls) in Ukraine and translation of their results into practice, using forms and methods of research object scientific analysis which are traditional for political sociology. In the present paper, the author primarily uses and refers to official documents and fundamental assessments by political leaders who were involved in the process of organizing and holding referenda in Ukraine.
VL  - 9
IS  - 6
ER  -

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