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Technical Evaluation of Community Based Soil and Water Conservation Structures: A Case Study in Damot Gale Woreda, Wolayita Zone, South Ethiopia

Received: 12 May 2021     Accepted: 13 October 2021     Published: 30 October 2021
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Abstract

In Arujya and Bilbo watershed, soil erosion is one of the series causes of soil degradation. The aim of this study was to technical evaluation of physical SWC measures constructed during the 2007 E.C campaign on cultivated field and implementation approaches in SWC development campaign and to analyze land use and land cover change. The data were collected through field measurements and satellite image download from NASA website. The selected physical soil and water conservation measures in both watersheds were level soil bund and level fanyajuu. For fanyajuu technical evaluation of the structures showed that generally in Bilbo watershed ditch depth, ditch width and spacing at 10-15% slope class and in Arujya watersheds ditch width and bottom width of embankment were lower than the recommended one and spacing at 15-30% slope higher than recommended. For soil bund, the technical evaluation ditch depth was in both watershed and ditch width in Bilbo was smaller than recommended and spacing in both watersheds wider than recommended value. In Bilbo watershed, forest coverage increased by 11.22% from 1987 to 2010. Grass land coverage decreased by 4.76% between 1987 and 2010 and then increased from 2010 to 2015. In Arujya watershed forest coverage was decreased by 0.46% from 1987 to 2010. Shrub and bush land cover decreased by 0.41% between 1987 and 2010. Cultivated land increased by 3.4% between 2010 and 2015. Similarly, forest land decreased by 0.13% in 2010. In the same period, the rate of shrubs and bushes decreased by 2.58% from 2015 to 2010. Technical evaluation needs some improvement in the design, community participation in planning phase and land cover changes shows affected cultivated land and vegetation cover through the population increment. It recommended that the future development activities will be used these technologies more for better management of the natural resources in watershed.

Published in International Journal of Science, Technology and Society (Volume 9, Issue 5)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijsts.20210905.17
Page(s) 245-255
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Land Covers Change, Land Use, Level Soil Bund, Level Fanyajuu, Community Participation

References
[1] Belay Tegene. 2002. Land cover/ use changes in the Derekolli catchment of the South Welo Zone Of Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Eastern Africa Social Science Research Review 18 (1): 1-20.
[2] Daniel D, (2001). Soil and water conservation guideline, natural resources management sector, Minister of agriculture and rural development, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia pp 23.
[3] Eyasu, E. (2002). Farmers’ perceptions of soil fertility change and management. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: SOS Sahel Ethiopia and Institute for Sustainable Development.
[4] Gete Z (2000). Landscape dynamics and soil erosion process modeling in the north-western Ethiopian highlands. African Studies Series A16. Berne: Geographica Bernensia.
[5] Kahsay Berhe. 2004. Land Use and Land Cover Changes in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia: The case of yerer mountain and its surroundings. MSc Thesis, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
[6] Lakew Desta, Carucci, V., Asrat Wendemagenehu and yitayew Abebe (eds)., (2005). Community based participatory watershed development: A Guideline. Ministry of Agriculture and rural development, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia pp 69-188.
[7] Merkineh., M., (2011): Farmers’ views of soil erosion hazards and decision on conservation Practices: the case of mount damota sub watershed, south Ethiopia pp 31.
[8] Solomon Abate 1994. Land-use dynamics, soil degradation and potential for sustainable use in Metu area, Illubabor Region, Ethiopia. African series A13. University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland.
[9] Tesfaye, B., (2003). Understanding farmers: Explaining soil and water conservation in Konso, Wolaita and wello, Ethiopia: PHD Dissertation, wegeningen university, the Netherlands pp 15-17.
[10] Woldeamlak B., Sterk G., 2002. Farmers’ participation in Soiland Water conservation Activities in the Chemoga watershed, Blue Nile basin, Ethiopia. Land Degrad. Develop. 13, 189-200.
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    Haimanot Zewdu, Awdenegest Moges, Feto Esimo, Dulo Husen. (2021). Technical Evaluation of Community Based Soil and Water Conservation Structures: A Case Study in Damot Gale Woreda, Wolayita Zone, South Ethiopia. International Journal of Science, Technology and Society, 9(5), 245-255. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20210905.17

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    ACS Style

    Haimanot Zewdu; Awdenegest Moges; Feto Esimo; Dulo Husen. Technical Evaluation of Community Based Soil and Water Conservation Structures: A Case Study in Damot Gale Woreda, Wolayita Zone, South Ethiopia. Int. J. Sci. Technol. Soc. 2021, 9(5), 245-255. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsts.20210905.17

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    AMA Style

    Haimanot Zewdu, Awdenegest Moges, Feto Esimo, Dulo Husen. Technical Evaluation of Community Based Soil and Water Conservation Structures: A Case Study in Damot Gale Woreda, Wolayita Zone, South Ethiopia. Int J Sci Technol Soc. 2021;9(5):245-255. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsts.20210905.17

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijsts.20210905.17,
      author = {Haimanot Zewdu and Awdenegest Moges and Feto Esimo and Dulo Husen},
      title = {Technical Evaluation of Community Based Soil and Water Conservation Structures: A Case Study in Damot Gale Woreda, Wolayita Zone, South Ethiopia},
      journal = {International Journal of Science, Technology and Society},
      volume = {9},
      number = {5},
      pages = {245-255},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijsts.20210905.17},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20210905.17},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijsts.20210905.17},
      abstract = {In Arujya and Bilbo watershed, soil erosion is one of the series causes of soil degradation. The aim of this study was to technical evaluation of physical SWC measures constructed during the 2007 E.C campaign on cultivated field and implementation approaches in SWC development campaign and to analyze land use and land cover change. The data were collected through field measurements and satellite image download from NASA website. The selected physical soil and water conservation measures in both watersheds were level soil bund and level fanyajuu. For fanyajuu technical evaluation of the structures showed that generally in Bilbo watershed ditch depth, ditch width and spacing at 10-15% slope class and in Arujya watersheds ditch width and bottom width of embankment were lower than the recommended one and spacing at 15-30% slope higher than recommended. For soil bund, the technical evaluation ditch depth was in both watershed and ditch width in Bilbo was smaller than recommended and spacing in both watersheds wider than recommended value. In Bilbo watershed, forest coverage increased by 11.22% from 1987 to 2010. Grass land coverage decreased by 4.76% between 1987 and 2010 and then increased from 2010 to 2015. In Arujya watershed forest coverage was decreased by 0.46% from 1987 to 2010. Shrub and bush land cover decreased by 0.41% between 1987 and 2010. Cultivated land increased by 3.4% between 2010 and 2015. Similarly, forest land decreased by 0.13% in 2010. In the same period, the rate of shrubs and bushes decreased by 2.58% from 2015 to 2010. Technical evaluation needs some improvement in the design, community participation in planning phase and land cover changes shows affected cultivated land and vegetation cover through the population increment. It recommended that the future development activities will be used these technologies more for better management of the natural resources in watershed.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Technical Evaluation of Community Based Soil and Water Conservation Structures: A Case Study in Damot Gale Woreda, Wolayita Zone, South Ethiopia
    AU  - Haimanot Zewdu
    AU  - Awdenegest Moges
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijsts.20210905.17
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    JF  - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society
    JO  - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society
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    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-7420
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20210905.17
    AB  - In Arujya and Bilbo watershed, soil erosion is one of the series causes of soil degradation. The aim of this study was to technical evaluation of physical SWC measures constructed during the 2007 E.C campaign on cultivated field and implementation approaches in SWC development campaign and to analyze land use and land cover change. The data were collected through field measurements and satellite image download from NASA website. The selected physical soil and water conservation measures in both watersheds were level soil bund and level fanyajuu. For fanyajuu technical evaluation of the structures showed that generally in Bilbo watershed ditch depth, ditch width and spacing at 10-15% slope class and in Arujya watersheds ditch width and bottom width of embankment were lower than the recommended one and spacing at 15-30% slope higher than recommended. For soil bund, the technical evaluation ditch depth was in both watershed and ditch width in Bilbo was smaller than recommended and spacing in both watersheds wider than recommended value. In Bilbo watershed, forest coverage increased by 11.22% from 1987 to 2010. Grass land coverage decreased by 4.76% between 1987 and 2010 and then increased from 2010 to 2015. In Arujya watershed forest coverage was decreased by 0.46% from 1987 to 2010. Shrub and bush land cover decreased by 0.41% between 1987 and 2010. Cultivated land increased by 3.4% between 2010 and 2015. Similarly, forest land decreased by 0.13% in 2010. In the same period, the rate of shrubs and bushes decreased by 2.58% from 2015 to 2010. Technical evaluation needs some improvement in the design, community participation in planning phase and land cover changes shows affected cultivated land and vegetation cover through the population increment. It recommended that the future development activities will be used these technologies more for better management of the natural resources in watershed.
    VL  - 9
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Author Information
  • Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples Regional State Water, Mines and Energy Development Bureau, Hawasa, Ethiopia

  • Biosystems and Environmental Engineering Department, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia

  • Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

  • Oromia Agricultural Research Institute, Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center, Batu, Ethiopia

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