Climate Indicators for Germany, 2°C and 1.5°C Targets Until 2050, Situation in 2030

Valentin Crastan

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijsts.20210904.11

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Climate Indicators for Germany, 2°C and 1.5°C Targets Until 2050, Situation in 2030

Valentin Crastan

Published in International Journal of Science, Technology and Society (Volume 9, Issue 4)

Received: 10 June 2021 Accepted: 5 July 2021 Published: 13 July 2021

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Abstract

In the following report, Germany’s detailed efforts to achieve the climate targets are formulated. Necessary reduction of CO₂emissions and the graph of the indicators for the 2°C and the 1.5°C target are determined for 2030 and 2050 according to worldwide requirements to achieve climate protection goals. The necessary associated changes in the structure of energy production and consumption are shown graphically for 2030; in particular the share of energy sources to cover the energy demand, the corresponding energy flow from primary energy to the end energies and the related detailed CO₂ emissions. Achieving climate goals poses major challenges to the international community. Between 1870 and 2017, around 390 Gt of carbon were released into the atmosphere through the combustion of fossil fuels. In order to limit the temperature rise from the pre-industrial period to 2°C, the carbon content of the atmosphere must not exceed 800 Gt in total by 2100, and to meet the 1.5°C target only 550 Gt C. Not only the main emitters of CO₂ such as the USA and China, but all countries must make an appropriate contribution. How the load distribution for the 2°C or 1.5°C climate target should look for Germany has been analyzed in detail taking into account the economic development with the help of IMF statistics. The given development of the indicators and thus compliance with the 1.5 degree target seems to be possible for Germany.

Published in	International Journal of Science, Technology and Society (Volume 9, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijsts.20210904.11
Page(s)	149-156
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Climate Protection, CO₂ Emissions, 2°C Target, 1.5°C Target, Energy Flow, Share of Energy Sources, Targets Until 2030 and 2050

References

[1]	Crastan V.: Klimawirksame Kennzahlen Band I, Europa + Eurasien und Afrika (3. Auflage), Springer Vieweg Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2020.
[2]	Crastan V.: Klimawirksame Kennzahlen Band II, Amerika, Nahost und Südasien, Ostasien und Ozeanien (2. Auflage), Springer Vieweg Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2019.
[3]	IEA, International Energy Agency. Statistics & Balances, www.iea.org, October 2019.
[4]	IMF, WEO Databases www.imf.org, October (2019).
[5]	Crastan V., Westermann D.: Elektrische Energieversorgung Bd 3, (2. Auflage), Springer-Verlag, 2018.
[6]	Handbook of Power Systems, Springer Nature, Chapter. 1: Energy fundamentals, Valentin Crastan, 2021.
[7]	Handbook of Power Systems, Springer Nature, Chapter. 2: Power Generation Valentin Crastan, 2021.
[8]	IPCC (Intergovernmental Panels on Climate Change): 5^th Report, Working Group I, September 2013.
[9]	IPCC, 5^th report, Working Group II, März 2014.
[10]	IPCC, 5^th. Report Working Group III, April 2014.
[11]	Steinacher M., Joos F., Stocker T. F. Allowable carbon emissions lowered by multiple climate targets. Nature 499, 2013.
[12]	Crastan V.: Elektrische Energieversorgung 2, 4. Auflage, Springer-Verlag, 2017.
[13]	Crastan V.: Weltweiter Energiebedarf und 2-Grad-Klimaziel, Analyse und Handlungsempfehlungen, Springer- Verlag, 2016.
[14]	Oliver Geden, Renegotiating the global stabilization target, Nature Climate Change, 2014.
[15]	Handbook of Power Systems, Springer Nature, Chapter. 16: Energy Storage, Alfred Rufer, 2021.
[16]	Bulletin. ch (Electro Suisse:: Klimawirksame Kennzahlen, Energieflüsse und Klimaziele für die Schweiz, Valentin Crastan, Okt. und Nov. 2020.

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Valentin Crastan. (2021). Climate Indicators for Germany, 2°C and 1.5°C Targets Until 2050, Situation in 2030. International Journal of Science, Technology and Society, 9(4), 149-156. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20210904.11

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ACS Style

Valentin Crastan. Climate Indicators for Germany, 2°C and 1.5°C Targets Until 2050, Situation in 2030. Int. J. Sci. Technol. Soc. 2021, 9(4), 149-156. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsts.20210904.11

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AMA Style

Valentin Crastan. Climate Indicators for Germany, 2°C and 1.5°C Targets Until 2050, Situation in 2030. Int J Sci Technol Soc. 2021;9(4):149-156. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsts.20210904.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijsts.20210904.11,
  author = {Valentin Crastan},
  title = {Climate Indicators for Germany, 2°C and 1.5°C Targets Until 2050, Situation in 2030},
  journal = {International Journal of Science, Technology and Society},
  volume = {9},
  number = {4},
  pages = {149-156},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijsts.20210904.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20210904.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijsts.20210904.11},
  abstract = {In the following report, Germany’s detailed efforts to achieve the climate targets are formulated. Necessary reduction of CO2 emissions and the graph of the indicators for the 2°C and the 1.5°C target are determined for 2030 and 2050 according to worldwide requirements to achieve climate protection goals. The necessary associated changes in the structure of energy production and consumption are shown graphically for 2030; in particular the share of energy sources to cover the energy demand, the corresponding energy flow from primary energy to the end energies and the related detailed CO2 emissions. Achieving climate goals poses major challenges to the international community. Between 1870 and 2017, around 390 Gt of carbon were released into the atmosphere through the combustion of fossil fuels. In order to limit the temperature rise from the pre-industrial period to 2°C, the carbon content of the atmosphere must not exceed 800 Gt in total by 2100, and to meet the 1.5°C target only 550 Gt C. Not only the main emitters of CO2 such as the USA and China, but all countries must make an appropriate contribution. How the load distribution for the 2°C or 1.5°C climate target should look for Germany has been analyzed in detail taking into account the economic development with the help of IMF statistics. The given development of the indicators and thus compliance with the 1.5 degree target seems to be possible for Germany.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Climate Indicators for Germany, 2°C and 1.5°C Targets Until 2050, Situation in 2030
AU  - Valentin Crastan
Y1  - 2021/07/13
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20210904.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijsts.20210904.11
T2  - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society
JF  - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society
JO  - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society
SP  - 149
EP  - 156
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-7420
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20210904.11
AB  - In the following report, Germany’s detailed efforts to achieve the climate targets are formulated. Necessary reduction of CO2 emissions and the graph of the indicators for the 2°C and the 1.5°C target are determined for 2030 and 2050 according to worldwide requirements to achieve climate protection goals. The necessary associated changes in the structure of energy production and consumption are shown graphically for 2030; in particular the share of energy sources to cover the energy demand, the corresponding energy flow from primary energy to the end energies and the related detailed CO2 emissions. Achieving climate goals poses major challenges to the international community. Between 1870 and 2017, around 390 Gt of carbon were released into the atmosphere through the combustion of fossil fuels. In order to limit the temperature rise from the pre-industrial period to 2°C, the carbon content of the atmosphere must not exceed 800 Gt in total by 2100, and to meet the 1.5°C target only 550 Gt C. Not only the main emitters of CO2 such as the USA and China, but all countries must make an appropriate contribution. How the load distribution for the 2°C or 1.5°C climate target should look for Germany has been analyzed in detail taking into account the economic development with the help of IMF statistics. The given development of the indicators and thus compliance with the 1.5 degree target seems to be possible for Germany.
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Valentin Crastan

Retired from Berne University of Applied Sciences and Information Technology, Biel/Bienne, Switzerland

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Valentin Crastan. (2021). Climate Indicators for Germany, 2°C and 1.5°C Targets Until 2050, Situation in 2030. International Journal of Science, Technology and Society, 9(4), 149-156. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20210904.11

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ACS Style

Valentin Crastan. Climate Indicators for Germany, 2°C and 1.5°C Targets Until 2050, Situation in 2030. Int. J. Sci. Technol. Soc. 2021, 9(4), 149-156. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsts.20210904.11

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AMA Style

Valentin Crastan. Climate Indicators for Germany, 2°C and 1.5°C Targets Until 2050, Situation in 2030. Int J Sci Technol Soc. 2021;9(4):149-156. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsts.20210904.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijsts.20210904.11,
  author = {Valentin Crastan},
  title = {Climate Indicators for Germany, 2°C and 1.5°C Targets Until 2050, Situation in 2030},
  journal = {International Journal of Science, Technology and Society},
  volume = {9},
  number = {4},
  pages = {149-156},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijsts.20210904.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20210904.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijsts.20210904.11},
  abstract = {In the following report, Germany’s detailed efforts to achieve the climate targets are formulated. Necessary reduction of CO2 emissions and the graph of the indicators for the 2°C and the 1.5°C target are determined for 2030 and 2050 according to worldwide requirements to achieve climate protection goals. The necessary associated changes in the structure of energy production and consumption are shown graphically for 2030; in particular the share of energy sources to cover the energy demand, the corresponding energy flow from primary energy to the end energies and the related detailed CO2 emissions. Achieving climate goals poses major challenges to the international community. Between 1870 and 2017, around 390 Gt of carbon were released into the atmosphere through the combustion of fossil fuels. In order to limit the temperature rise from the pre-industrial period to 2°C, the carbon content of the atmosphere must not exceed 800 Gt in total by 2100, and to meet the 1.5°C target only 550 Gt C. Not only the main emitters of CO2 such as the USA and China, but all countries must make an appropriate contribution. How the load distribution for the 2°C or 1.5°C climate target should look for Germany has been analyzed in detail taking into account the economic development with the help of IMF statistics. The given development of the indicators and thus compliance with the 1.5 degree target seems to be possible for Germany.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Climate Indicators for Germany, 2°C and 1.5°C Targets Until 2050, Situation in 2030
AU  - Valentin Crastan
Y1  - 2021/07/13
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20210904.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijsts.20210904.11
T2  - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society
JF  - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society
JO  - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society
SP  - 149
EP  - 156
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-7420
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20210904.11
AB  - In the following report, Germany’s detailed efforts to achieve the climate targets are formulated. Necessary reduction of CO2 emissions and the graph of the indicators for the 2°C and the 1.5°C target are determined for 2030 and 2050 according to worldwide requirements to achieve climate protection goals. The necessary associated changes in the structure of energy production and consumption are shown graphically for 2030; in particular the share of energy sources to cover the energy demand, the corresponding energy flow from primary energy to the end energies and the related detailed CO2 emissions. Achieving climate goals poses major challenges to the international community. Between 1870 and 2017, around 390 Gt of carbon were released into the atmosphere through the combustion of fossil fuels. In order to limit the temperature rise from the pre-industrial period to 2°C, the carbon content of the atmosphere must not exceed 800 Gt in total by 2100, and to meet the 1.5°C target only 550 Gt C. Not only the main emitters of CO2 such as the USA and China, but all countries must make an appropriate contribution. How the load distribution for the 2°C or 1.5°C climate target should look for Germany has been analyzed in detail taking into account the economic development with the help of IMF statistics. The given development of the indicators and thus compliance with the 1.5 degree target seems to be possible for Germany.
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download