Determination of Heavy Metals in <i>Hibiscus cannabinus and Moringa oleifera</i> Cultivated at Zango Abattoir, Tudun Wada, Kaduna Metropolis

Yarima Muhammad Malum; Labaran Salihu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijsdr.20170304.11

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Determination of Heavy Metals in Hibiscus cannabinus and Moringa oleifera Cultivated at Zango Abattoir, Tudun Wada, Kaduna Metropolis

Yarima Muhammad Malum, Labaran Salihu

Published in International Journal of Sustainable Development Research (Volume 3, Issue 4)

Received: 19 August 2017 Accepted: 30 August 2017 Published: 7 October 2017

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Abstract

This study was carried out to determine and evaluate the concentration of ten heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Ni and Zn) in Hibiscus cannabinus and Moringa oleifera grown at Zango Abattoir, Tudun Wada, Kaduna Metropolis Nigeria, using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The concentration of the metals obtained ranged from 0.628±0.0006 to 3.469±0.0006 mg/kg for manganese, 8.362±0.0006 to 29.293±0.0026 mg/kg for iron, 0.700±0.0002 to 10.774±0.0026 mg/kg for zinc, 0.071±0.0002 to 0.223±0.0005 mg/kg for copper, 0.020±0.0006 to 0.044±0.0002 mg/kg for nickel, 0.017±0.0001 to 0.039±0.0001 mg/kg for cadmium, ND to 0.184±0.0004 mg/kg for chromium, 1.092±0.0003 to 1.167±0.0006 mg/kg for lead and 0.115±0.0010 to 0.201±0.0016 mg/kg for cobalt. Arsenic was however not detected in all the samples analysed. The concentrations of heavy metals in the selected samples were statistically significant at (P˂0.05). This study highlights that people consuming the vegetables grown within the abattoir consume substantial amount of metals like iron, zinc and lead. However, the values of these metals were below the recommended maximum tolerable guidelines level proposed by the WHO/FAO and NAFDAC.

Published in	International Journal of Sustainable Development Research (Volume 3, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijsdr.20170304.11
Page(s)	32-35
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Abattoir, Hibiscus cannabinus, Moringa oleifera, Heavy Metals, Kaduna

References

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[2]	Hornby AS. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of current English, Oxford University Press. 2006; 7th ed. p. 1381.
[3]	Katarzyna RA, Monkiewicz J, Andrzej, G. Lead, cadmium, arsenic, copper and zinc contents in hair of cattle living in the area contaminated by a copper smelter. Bull Vet Inst Pulawy, 2009; 53: 703-706.
[4]	Odoemelan SA, Ajunwa, O. Heavy Metal Status and Physicochemical Properties of Agricultural Soil amended by short term application of animal manure. Journal of Chemical Society of Nigeria, 2008; 30: 60-63.
[5]	Fadeyibi, A, Halilu A, Osunde ZD. Analysis of Physicochemical Properties of Abattoir Wastewater for Irrigation in Minna, Niger State. Continental J. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 2011; 2 (2): 12-15.
[6]	Osu CI, Ogoko EC, Emeziem D. Metal Species, Mobility and Bioavailability In An Oil Impacted Soil From Ikoku And Alaoji Automobile Spare Parts Markets, Niger-Delta Nigeria. American Academic & Scholarly Research Journal, 2014; 6 (3): 123-127.
[7]	Sajjad K, Robina F, Shagufta S, Mohammed A, Maria S. Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals for Population via Consumption of Vegetables. World Applied Sciences Journal, 2009; 6 (12): 1602-1606.
[8]	Cui YJ, Zhu YG, Zhai R, Huang Y, Qiu Y, Liang J. Exposure to metal mixtures and human health impacts in a contaminated area in Nanning, China. Environment International, 2005; 31: 784-790.
[9]	Osu CI, Ogoko EC. Bioconcentration and Transfer of Heavy Metal from Soil into Verninia amydalina, Telfera occidendalis and Amarathus spinosustatio. Journal of Applied Phytotechnology in Environmental Sanitation, 2014; 3 (4): 117-121.
[10]	Osu CI, Okereke VC. Heavy metal accumulation from abattoir wastes on soils and some edible vegetables in selected areas in Umuahia metropolis. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci., 2015; 4 (6): 1127-1132.
[11]	FAO/WHO. Food additives and contaminants, Joint Codex Alimentarius Commission, FAO/WHO. Food standards Programme, ALINORM 01/12A. 2001.
[12]	Opaluwa OD, Aremu MO, Ogbo LO, Abiola, KA, Nweze, NO. Heavy metal concentrations in soils, plant leaves and crops grown around dump sites in Lafia Metropolis, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Advances in Applied Science Research, 2012; 3 (2): 780-784.
[13]	Osu CI, Odoemelam SA. Availability of Toxic Metals and Its Transfer from Soil to Some Selected Edible Vegetables Consumed in Port Harcourt City, Nigeria. J. Agric. Food. Tech., 2015; 5 (1): 1-4.

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APA Style

Yarima Muhammad Malum, Labaran Salihu. (2017). Determination of Heavy Metals in Hibiscus cannabinus and Moringa oleifera Cultivated at Zango Abattoir, Tudun Wada, Kaduna Metropolis. International Journal of Sustainable Development Research, 3(4), 32-35. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsdr.20170304.11

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ACS Style

Yarima Muhammad Malum; Labaran Salihu. Determination of Heavy Metals in Hibiscus cannabinus and Moringa oleifera Cultivated at Zango Abattoir, Tudun Wada, Kaduna Metropolis. Int. J. Sustain. Dev. Res. 2017, 3(4), 32-35. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsdr.20170304.11

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AMA Style

Yarima Muhammad Malum, Labaran Salihu. Determination of Heavy Metals in Hibiscus cannabinus and Moringa oleifera Cultivated at Zango Abattoir, Tudun Wada, Kaduna Metropolis. Int J Sustain Dev Res. 2017;3(4):32-35. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsdr.20170304.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijsdr.20170304.11,
  author = {Yarima Muhammad Malum and Labaran Salihu},
  title = {Determination of Heavy Metals in Hibiscus cannabinus and Moringa oleifera Cultivated at Zango Abattoir, Tudun Wada, Kaduna Metropolis},
  journal = {International Journal of Sustainable Development Research},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {32-35},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijsdr.20170304.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsdr.20170304.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijsdr.20170304.11},
  abstract = {This study was carried out to determine and evaluate the concentration of ten heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Ni and Zn) in Hibiscus cannabinus and Moringa oleifera grown at Zango Abattoir, Tudun Wada, Kaduna Metropolis Nigeria, using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The concentration of the metals obtained ranged from 0.628±0.0006 to 3.469±0.0006 mg/kg for manganese, 8.362±0.0006 to 29.293±0.0026 mg/kg for iron, 0.700±0.0002 to 10.774±0.0026 mg/kg for zinc, 0.071±0.0002 to 0.223±0.0005 mg/kg for copper, 0.020±0.0006 to 0.044±0.0002 mg/kg for nickel, 0.017±0.0001 to 0.039±0.0001 mg/kg for cadmium, ND to 0.184±0.0004 mg/kg for chromium, 1.092±0.0003 to 1.167±0.0006 mg/kg for lead and 0.115±0.0010 to 0.201±0.0016 mg/kg for cobalt. Arsenic was however not detected in all the samples analysed. The concentrations of heavy metals in the selected samples were statistically significant at (P˂0.05). This study highlights that people consuming the vegetables grown within the abattoir consume substantial amount of metals like iron, zinc and lead. However, the values of these metals were below the recommended maximum tolerable guidelines level proposed by the WHO/FAO and NAFDAC.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determination of Heavy Metals in Hibiscus cannabinus and Moringa oleifera Cultivated at Zango Abattoir, Tudun Wada, Kaduna Metropolis
AU  - Yarima Muhammad Malum
AU  - Labaran Salihu
Y1  - 2017/10/07
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsdr.20170304.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijsdr.20170304.11
T2  - International Journal of Sustainable Development Research
JF  - International Journal of Sustainable Development Research
JO  - International Journal of Sustainable Development Research
SP  - 32
EP  - 35
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1832
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsdr.20170304.11
AB  - This study was carried out to determine and evaluate the concentration of ten heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Ni and Zn) in Hibiscus cannabinus and Moringa oleifera grown at Zango Abattoir, Tudun Wada, Kaduna Metropolis Nigeria, using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The concentration of the metals obtained ranged from 0.628±0.0006 to 3.469±0.0006 mg/kg for manganese, 8.362±0.0006 to 29.293±0.0026 mg/kg for iron, 0.700±0.0002 to 10.774±0.0026 mg/kg for zinc, 0.071±0.0002 to 0.223±0.0005 mg/kg for copper, 0.020±0.0006 to 0.044±0.0002 mg/kg for nickel, 0.017±0.0001 to 0.039±0.0001 mg/kg for cadmium, ND to 0.184±0.0004 mg/kg for chromium, 1.092±0.0003 to 1.167±0.0006 mg/kg for lead and 0.115±0.0010 to 0.201±0.0016 mg/kg for cobalt. Arsenic was however not detected in all the samples analysed. The concentrations of heavy metals in the selected samples were statistically significant at (P˂0.05). This study highlights that people consuming the vegetables grown within the abattoir consume substantial amount of metals like iron, zinc and lead. However, the values of these metals were below the recommended maximum tolerable guidelines level proposed by the WHO/FAO and NAFDAC.
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Yarima Muhammad Malum

Department of Chemistry, Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna, Nigeria
Labaran Salihu

Department of Chemistry, Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna, Nigeria

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APA Style

Yarima Muhammad Malum, Labaran Salihu. (2017). Determination of Heavy Metals in Hibiscus cannabinus and Moringa oleifera Cultivated at Zango Abattoir, Tudun Wada, Kaduna Metropolis. International Journal of Sustainable Development Research, 3(4), 32-35. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsdr.20170304.11

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ACS Style

Yarima Muhammad Malum; Labaran Salihu. Determination of Heavy Metals in Hibiscus cannabinus and Moringa oleifera Cultivated at Zango Abattoir, Tudun Wada, Kaduna Metropolis. Int. J. Sustain. Dev. Res. 2017, 3(4), 32-35. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsdr.20170304.11

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AMA Style

Yarima Muhammad Malum, Labaran Salihu. Determination of Heavy Metals in Hibiscus cannabinus and Moringa oleifera Cultivated at Zango Abattoir, Tudun Wada, Kaduna Metropolis. Int J Sustain Dev Res. 2017;3(4):32-35. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsdr.20170304.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijsdr.20170304.11,
  author = {Yarima Muhammad Malum and Labaran Salihu},
  title = {Determination of Heavy Metals in Hibiscus cannabinus and Moringa oleifera Cultivated at Zango Abattoir, Tudun Wada, Kaduna Metropolis},
  journal = {International Journal of Sustainable Development Research},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {32-35},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijsdr.20170304.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsdr.20170304.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijsdr.20170304.11},
  abstract = {This study was carried out to determine and evaluate the concentration of ten heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Ni and Zn) in Hibiscus cannabinus and Moringa oleifera grown at Zango Abattoir, Tudun Wada, Kaduna Metropolis Nigeria, using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The concentration of the metals obtained ranged from 0.628±0.0006 to 3.469±0.0006 mg/kg for manganese, 8.362±0.0006 to 29.293±0.0026 mg/kg for iron, 0.700±0.0002 to 10.774±0.0026 mg/kg for zinc, 0.071±0.0002 to 0.223±0.0005 mg/kg for copper, 0.020±0.0006 to 0.044±0.0002 mg/kg for nickel, 0.017±0.0001 to 0.039±0.0001 mg/kg for cadmium, ND to 0.184±0.0004 mg/kg for chromium, 1.092±0.0003 to 1.167±0.0006 mg/kg for lead and 0.115±0.0010 to 0.201±0.0016 mg/kg for cobalt. Arsenic was however not detected in all the samples analysed. The concentrations of heavy metals in the selected samples were statistically significant at (P˂0.05). This study highlights that people consuming the vegetables grown within the abattoir consume substantial amount of metals like iron, zinc and lead. However, the values of these metals were below the recommended maximum tolerable guidelines level proposed by the WHO/FAO and NAFDAC.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determination of Heavy Metals in Hibiscus cannabinus and Moringa oleifera Cultivated at Zango Abattoir, Tudun Wada, Kaduna Metropolis
AU  - Yarima Muhammad Malum
AU  - Labaran Salihu
Y1  - 2017/10/07
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsdr.20170304.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijsdr.20170304.11
T2  - International Journal of Sustainable Development Research
JF  - International Journal of Sustainable Development Research
JO  - International Journal of Sustainable Development Research
SP  - 32
EP  - 35
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1832
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsdr.20170304.11
AB  - This study was carried out to determine and evaluate the concentration of ten heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Ni and Zn) in Hibiscus cannabinus and Moringa oleifera grown at Zango Abattoir, Tudun Wada, Kaduna Metropolis Nigeria, using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The concentration of the metals obtained ranged from 0.628±0.0006 to 3.469±0.0006 mg/kg for manganese, 8.362±0.0006 to 29.293±0.0026 mg/kg for iron, 0.700±0.0002 to 10.774±0.0026 mg/kg for zinc, 0.071±0.0002 to 0.223±0.0005 mg/kg for copper, 0.020±0.0006 to 0.044±0.0002 mg/kg for nickel, 0.017±0.0001 to 0.039±0.0001 mg/kg for cadmium, ND to 0.184±0.0004 mg/kg for chromium, 1.092±0.0003 to 1.167±0.0006 mg/kg for lead and 0.115±0.0010 to 0.201±0.0016 mg/kg for cobalt. Arsenic was however not detected in all the samples analysed. The concentrations of heavy metals in the selected samples were statistically significant at (P˂0.05). This study highlights that people consuming the vegetables grown within the abattoir consume substantial amount of metals like iron, zinc and lead. However, the values of these metals were below the recommended maximum tolerable guidelines level proposed by the WHO/FAO and NAFDAC.
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
ER  -

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