Density and Diversity of Insects That Visit Cashew (<i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L.) Plants in the Flowering and Fruiting Periods in Northern Ghana

Floerence S. Kuukyi; Edward D. Wiafe

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160104.14

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Density and Diversity of Insects That Visit Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) Plants in the Flowering and Fruiting Periods in Northern Ghana

Floerence S. Kuukyi, Edward D. Wiafe

Published in International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management (Volume 1, Issue 4)

Received: 22 August 2016 Accepted: 3 September 2016 Published: 11 October 2016

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Abstract

Field survey was conducted in ten farms in Northern Region from December 2014 to April 2015 to collect, identify and access the insects distribution on the cashew farms close to natural forest and agricultural farm land, during the flowering and the fruiting periods of cashew. The sample farms were divided into four plots measuring 20 m x 25 m. Insects found on the cashew plants during the flowering and fruiting periods were identified, counted and unidentified insects were killed in killing jars and preserved in 70% alcohol for further identification. The following were the insects encountered in both farms during the flowering period: Total insects 6161, mean 1232.2 (SD = 250.7, N = 40). Density was 6161/ha and diversity was 3.34. Total insect 2745, mean 549 (SD = 103.2, N = 40). Density was 2745/ha and diversity was 3.56. During the fruiting period, the following insects were also enumerated in both farms: Total 4665, mean 933 (SD = 143.5, N = 40). Density was 4665/ha and diversity of 3.13. Total 2056, mean 411.2 (SD = 52.1, N = 40). Density was 2056/ha and diversity was also 3.14. Density in both farms during the flowering period were more than the fruiting period in both farms, however insect diversity was more during the fruiting period than the flowering period. Further studies should be conducted on an all year round survey to identify residence insects from insects that visit cashew during flowering and fruiting period, integrated pest management strategies and integration of insect conservation into the national biodiversity conservation policy were also recommended.

Published in	International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management (Volume 1, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160104.14
Page(s)	171-178
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Insects, Cashew, Flowering Period, Fruiting Period, Insect Behaviour and Insect Diversity

References

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Floerence S. Kuukyi, Edward D. Wiafe. (2016). Density and Diversity of Insects That Visit Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) Plants in the Flowering and Fruiting Periods in Northern Ghana. International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, 1(4), 171-178. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160104.14

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ACS Style

Floerence S. Kuukyi; Edward D. Wiafe. Density and Diversity of Insects That Visit Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) Plants in the Flowering and Fruiting Periods in Northern Ghana. Int. J. Nat. Resour. Ecol. Manag. 2016, 1(4), 171-178. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160104.14

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AMA Style

Floerence S. Kuukyi, Edward D. Wiafe. Density and Diversity of Insects That Visit Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) Plants in the Flowering and Fruiting Periods in Northern Ghana. Int J Nat Resour Ecol Manag. 2016;1(4):171-178. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160104.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160104.14,
  author = {Floerence S. Kuukyi and Edward D. Wiafe},
  title = {Density and Diversity of Insects That Visit Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) Plants in the Flowering and Fruiting Periods in Northern Ghana},
  journal = {International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management},
  volume = {1},
  number = {4},
  pages = {171-178},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160104.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160104.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnrem.20160104.14},
  abstract = {Field survey was conducted in ten farms in Northern Region from December 2014 to April 2015 to collect, identify and access the insects distribution on the cashew farms close to natural forest and agricultural farm land, during the flowering and the fruiting periods of cashew. The sample farms were divided into four plots measuring 20 m x 25 m. Insects found on the cashew plants during the flowering and fruiting periods were identified, counted and unidentified insects were killed in killing jars and preserved in 70% alcohol for further identification. The following were the insects encountered in both farms during the flowering period: Total insects 6161, mean 1232.2 (SD = 250.7, N = 40). Density was 6161/ha and diversity was 3.34. Total insect 2745, mean 549 (SD = 103.2, N = 40). Density was 2745/ha and diversity was 3.56. During the fruiting period, the following insects were also enumerated in both farms: Total 4665, mean 933 (SD = 143.5, N = 40). Density was 4665/ha and diversity of 3.13. Total 2056, mean 411.2 (SD = 52.1, N = 40). Density was 2056/ha and diversity was also 3.14. Density in both farms during the flowering period were more than the fruiting period in both farms, however insect diversity was more during the fruiting period than the flowering period. Further studies should be conducted on an all year round survey to identify residence insects from insects that visit cashew during flowering and fruiting period, integrated pest management strategies and integration of insect conservation into the national biodiversity conservation policy were also recommended.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Density and Diversity of Insects That Visit Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) Plants in the Flowering and Fruiting Periods in Northern Ghana
AU - Floerence S. Kuukyi
AU - Edward D. Wiafe
Y1 - 2016/10/11
PY - 2016
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160104.14
DO - 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160104.14
T2 - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
JF - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
JO - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
SP - 171
EP - 178
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2575-3061
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160104.14
AB - Field survey was conducted in ten farms in Northern Region from December 2014 to April 2015 to collect, identify and access the insects distribution on the cashew farms close to natural forest and agricultural farm land, during the flowering and the fruiting periods of cashew. The sample farms were divided into four plots measuring 20 m x 25 m. Insects found on the cashew plants during the flowering and fruiting periods were identified, counted and unidentified insects were killed in killing jars and preserved in 70% alcohol for further identification. The following were the insects encountered in both farms during the flowering period: Total insects 6161, mean 1232.2 (SD = 250.7, N = 40). Density was 6161/ha and diversity was 3.34. Total insect 2745, mean 549 (SD = 103.2, N = 40). Density was 2745/ha and diversity was 3.56. During the fruiting period, the following insects were also enumerated in both farms: Total 4665, mean 933 (SD = 143.5, N = 40). Density was 4665/ha and diversity of 3.13. Total 2056, mean 411.2 (SD = 52.1, N = 40). Density was 2056/ha and diversity was also 3.14. Density in both farms during the flowering period were more than the fruiting period in both farms, however insect diversity was more during the fruiting period than the flowering period. Further studies should be conducted on an all year round survey to identify residence insects from insects that visit cashew during flowering and fruiting period, integrated pest management strategies and integration of insect conservation into the national biodiversity conservation policy were also recommended.
VL - 1
IS - 4
ER -

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Author Information

Floerence S. Kuukyi

Entomology and Wildlife Department, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
Edward D. Wiafe

Environmental and Natural Resources Management, Presbyterian University College, Akropong - Akuapem, Ghana

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Floerence S. Kuukyi, Edward D. Wiafe. (2016). Density and Diversity of Insects That Visit Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) Plants in the Flowering and Fruiting Periods in Northern Ghana. International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, 1(4), 171-178. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160104.14

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Floerence S. Kuukyi; Edward D. Wiafe. Density and Diversity of Insects That Visit Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) Plants in the Flowering and Fruiting Periods in Northern Ghana. Int. J. Nat. Resour. Ecol. Manag. 2016, 1(4), 171-178. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160104.14

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AMA Style

Floerence S. Kuukyi, Edward D. Wiafe. Density and Diversity of Insects That Visit Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) Plants in the Flowering and Fruiting Periods in Northern Ghana. Int J Nat Resour Ecol Manag. 2016;1(4):171-178. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160104.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160104.14,
  author = {Floerence S. Kuukyi and Edward D. Wiafe},
  title = {Density and Diversity of Insects That Visit Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) Plants in the Flowering and Fruiting Periods in Northern Ghana},
  journal = {International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management},
  volume = {1},
  number = {4},
  pages = {171-178},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160104.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20160104.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnrem.20160104.14},
  abstract = {Field survey was conducted in ten farms in Northern Region from December 2014 to April 2015 to collect, identify and access the insects distribution on the cashew farms close to natural forest and agricultural farm land, during the flowering and the fruiting periods of cashew. The sample farms were divided into four plots measuring 20 m x 25 m. Insects found on the cashew plants during the flowering and fruiting periods were identified, counted and unidentified insects were killed in killing jars and preserved in 70% alcohol for further identification. The following were the insects encountered in both farms during the flowering period: Total insects 6161, mean 1232.2 (SD = 250.7, N = 40). Density was 6161/ha and diversity was 3.34. Total insect 2745, mean 549 (SD = 103.2, N = 40). Density was 2745/ha and diversity was 3.56. During the fruiting period, the following insects were also enumerated in both farms: Total 4665, mean 933 (SD = 143.5, N = 40). Density was 4665/ha and diversity of 3.13. Total 2056, mean 411.2 (SD = 52.1, N = 40). Density was 2056/ha and diversity was also 3.14. Density in both farms during the flowering period were more than the fruiting period in both farms, however insect diversity was more during the fruiting period than the flowering period. Further studies should be conducted on an all year round survey to identify residence insects from insects that visit cashew during flowering and fruiting period, integrated pest management strategies and integration of insect conservation into the national biodiversity conservation policy were also recommended.},
 year = {2016}
}

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