Determination of <i>In Vitro</i> Photoprotective Potential of Methanolic Leaf Extract of x <i>Citrofortunella microcarpa</i> (Calamondin)

Amarathunga Achchi Maddumage Dona Dinithi Nuwanga Amarathunga; Samamalee Upekshi Kankanamge; Nuwarapakshage Ashoka Sanjeewani; Ranjith Pathirana; Wanigasekara Daya Ratnasooriya

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijhnm.20180401.14

Determination of In Vitro Photoprotective Potential of Methanolic Leaf Extract of x Citrofortunella microcarpa (Calamondin)

Amarathunga Achchi Maddumage Dona Dinithi Nuwanga Amarathunga, Samamalee Upekshi Kankanamge, Nuwarapakshage Ashoka Sanjeewani, Ranjith Pathirana, Wanigasekara Daya Ratnasooriya

Published in International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines (Volume 4, Issue 1)

Received: 28 December 2017 Accepted: 16 January 2018 Published: 2 February 2018

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Abstract

This study focused on the evaluation of in vitro Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of leaf extract of x Citrofortunella microcarpa since it has not been investigated. Collected leaves were air-dried, powdered and macerated in methanol. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness and subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis. The concentration series of 2.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.25, and 0.05 mgmL^-1 of leaf extract and a solution of 2.0 mgmL^-1 Dermatone® were prepared in methanol. The absorbance of each sample was determined in triplicate by spectrophotometry in the range of 290–320 nm, at 5 nm intervals, using methanol as the blank. The SPF values were calculated using the Mansur-equation. Alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, sterols, saponins, terpenoids, and glycosides were qualitatively observed. The SPF of leaf extract with respect to the concentrations 2.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.25, 0.05 mgmL^-1 and Dermatone® were 43.93, 42.38, 40.97, 36.63, 13.31 and 34.26 respectively. According to Pearson’s correlation, a positive statically not significant relationship was observed in between SPF and concentration (r = 0.655, p > 0.05). Since the presence of profound sun screening activity, this would offer an exciting avenue for further research towards the development of herbal sunscreens of high importance especially for the people living in tropical countries.

Published in	International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines (Volume 4, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijhnm.20180401.14
Page(s)	18-23
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Calamondin, x Citrofortunella microcarpa, Photoprotective, Sun Protection Factor, UVB Radiation

References

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Amarathunga Achchi Maddumage Dona Dinithi Nuwanga Amarathunga, Samamalee Upekshi Kankanamge, Nuwarapakshage Ashoka Sanjeewani, Ranjith Pathirana, Wanigasekara Daya Ratnasooriya. (2018). Determination of In Vitro Photoprotective Potential of Methanolic Leaf Extract of x Citrofortunella microcarpa (Calamondin). International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines, 4(1), 18-23. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhnm.20180401.14

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Amarathunga Achchi Maddumage Dona Dinithi Nuwanga Amarathunga; Samamalee Upekshi Kankanamge; Nuwarapakshage Ashoka Sanjeewani; Ranjith Pathirana; Wanigasekara Daya Ratnasooriya. Determination of In Vitro Photoprotective Potential of Methanolic Leaf Extract of x Citrofortunella microcarpa (Calamondin). Int. J. Homeopathy Nat. Med. 2018, 4(1), 18-23. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhnm.20180401.14

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Amarathunga Achchi Maddumage Dona Dinithi Nuwanga Amarathunga, Samamalee Upekshi Kankanamge, Nuwarapakshage Ashoka Sanjeewani, Ranjith Pathirana, Wanigasekara Daya Ratnasooriya. Determination of In Vitro Photoprotective Potential of Methanolic Leaf Extract of x Citrofortunella microcarpa (Calamondin). Int J Homeopathy Nat Med. 2018;4(1):18-23. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhnm.20180401.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ijhnm.20180401.14,
  author = {Amarathunga Achchi Maddumage Dona Dinithi Nuwanga Amarathunga and Samamalee Upekshi Kankanamge and Nuwarapakshage Ashoka Sanjeewani and Ranjith Pathirana and Wanigasekara Daya Ratnasooriya},
  title = {Determination of In Vitro Photoprotective Potential of Methanolic Leaf Extract of x Citrofortunella microcarpa (Calamondin)},
  journal = {International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines},
  volume = {4},
  number = {1},
  pages = {18-23},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijhnm.20180401.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhnm.20180401.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijhnm.20180401.14},
  abstract = {This study focused on the evaluation of in vitro Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of leaf extract of x Citrofortunella microcarpa since it has not been investigated. Collected leaves were air-dried, powdered and macerated in methanol. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness and subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis. The concentration series of 2.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.25, and 0.05 mgmL-1 of leaf extract and a solution of 2.0 mgmL-1 Dermatone® were prepared in methanol. The absorbance of each sample was determined in triplicate by spectrophotometry in the range of 290–320 nm, at 5 nm intervals, using methanol as the blank. The SPF values were calculated using the Mansur-equation. Alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, sterols, saponins, terpenoids, and glycosides were qualitatively observed. The SPF of leaf extract with respect to the concentrations 2.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.25, 0.05 mgmL-1 and Dermatone® were 43.93, 42.38, 40.97, 36.63, 13.31 and 34.26 respectively. According to Pearson’s correlation, a positive statically not significant relationship was observed in between SPF and concentration (r = 0.655, p > 0.05). Since the presence of profound sun screening activity, this would offer an exciting avenue for further research towards the development of herbal sunscreens of high importance especially for the people living in tropical countries.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determination of In Vitro Photoprotective Potential of Methanolic Leaf Extract of x Citrofortunella microcarpa (Calamondin)
AU  - Amarathunga Achchi Maddumage Dona Dinithi Nuwanga Amarathunga
AU  - Samamalee Upekshi Kankanamge
AU  - Nuwarapakshage Ashoka Sanjeewani
AU  - Ranjith Pathirana
AU  - Wanigasekara Daya Ratnasooriya
Y1  - 2018/02/02
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhnm.20180401.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijhnm.20180401.14
T2  - International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines
JF  - International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines
JO  - International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines
SP  - 18
EP  - 23
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-2316
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhnm.20180401.14
AB  - This study focused on the evaluation of in vitro Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of leaf extract of x Citrofortunella microcarpa since it has not been investigated. Collected leaves were air-dried, powdered and macerated in methanol. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness and subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis. The concentration series of 2.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.25, and 0.05 mgmL-1 of leaf extract and a solution of 2.0 mgmL-1 Dermatone® were prepared in methanol. The absorbance of each sample was determined in triplicate by spectrophotometry in the range of 290–320 nm, at 5 nm intervals, using methanol as the blank. The SPF values were calculated using the Mansur-equation. Alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, sterols, saponins, terpenoids, and glycosides were qualitatively observed. The SPF of leaf extract with respect to the concentrations 2.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.25, 0.05 mgmL-1 and Dermatone® were 43.93, 42.38, 40.97, 36.63, 13.31 and 34.26 respectively. According to Pearson’s correlation, a positive statically not significant relationship was observed in between SPF and concentration (r = 0.655, p > 0.05). Since the presence of profound sun screening activity, this would offer an exciting avenue for further research towards the development of herbal sunscreens of high importance especially for the people living in tropical countries.
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Amarathunga Achchi Maddumage Dona Dinithi Nuwanga Amarathunga

Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, General Sir John Kotelawala Defense University, Werahera, Sri Lanka
Samamalee Upekshi Kankanamge

Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, General Sir John Kotelawala Defense University, Werahera, Sri Lanka
Nuwarapakshage Ashoka Sanjeewani

Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, General Sir John Kotelawala Defense University, Werahera, Sri Lanka
Ranjith Pathirana

Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, General Sir John Kotelawala Defense University, Werahera, Sri Lanka
Wanigasekara Daya Ratnasooriya

Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, General Sir John Kotelawala Defense University, Werahera, Sri Lanka

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Amarathunga Achchi Maddumage Dona Dinithi Nuwanga Amarathunga, Samamalee Upekshi Kankanamge, Nuwarapakshage Ashoka Sanjeewani, Ranjith Pathirana, Wanigasekara Daya Ratnasooriya. (2018). Determination of In Vitro Photoprotective Potential of Methanolic Leaf Extract of x Citrofortunella microcarpa (Calamondin). International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines, 4(1), 18-23. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhnm.20180401.14

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Amarathunga Achchi Maddumage Dona Dinithi Nuwanga Amarathunga; Samamalee Upekshi Kankanamge; Nuwarapakshage Ashoka Sanjeewani; Ranjith Pathirana; Wanigasekara Daya Ratnasooriya. Determination of In Vitro Photoprotective Potential of Methanolic Leaf Extract of x Citrofortunella microcarpa (Calamondin). Int. J. Homeopathy Nat. Med. 2018, 4(1), 18-23. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhnm.20180401.14

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AMA Style

Amarathunga Achchi Maddumage Dona Dinithi Nuwanga Amarathunga, Samamalee Upekshi Kankanamge, Nuwarapakshage Ashoka Sanjeewani, Ranjith Pathirana, Wanigasekara Daya Ratnasooriya. Determination of In Vitro Photoprotective Potential of Methanolic Leaf Extract of x Citrofortunella microcarpa (Calamondin). Int J Homeopathy Nat Med. 2018;4(1):18-23. doi: 10.11648/j.ijhnm.20180401.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ijhnm.20180401.14,
  author = {Amarathunga Achchi Maddumage Dona Dinithi Nuwanga Amarathunga and Samamalee Upekshi Kankanamge and Nuwarapakshage Ashoka Sanjeewani and Ranjith Pathirana and Wanigasekara Daya Ratnasooriya},
  title = {Determination of In Vitro Photoprotective Potential of Methanolic Leaf Extract of x Citrofortunella microcarpa (Calamondin)},
  journal = {International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines},
  volume = {4},
  number = {1},
  pages = {18-23},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijhnm.20180401.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhnm.20180401.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijhnm.20180401.14},
  abstract = {This study focused on the evaluation of in vitro Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of leaf extract of x Citrofortunella microcarpa since it has not been investigated. Collected leaves were air-dried, powdered and macerated in methanol. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness and subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis. The concentration series of 2.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.25, and 0.05 mgmL-1 of leaf extract and a solution of 2.0 mgmL-1 Dermatone® were prepared in methanol. The absorbance of each sample was determined in triplicate by spectrophotometry in the range of 290–320 nm, at 5 nm intervals, using methanol as the blank. The SPF values were calculated using the Mansur-equation. Alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, sterols, saponins, terpenoids, and glycosides were qualitatively observed. The SPF of leaf extract with respect to the concentrations 2.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.25, 0.05 mgmL-1 and Dermatone® were 43.93, 42.38, 40.97, 36.63, 13.31 and 34.26 respectively. According to Pearson’s correlation, a positive statically not significant relationship was observed in between SPF and concentration (r = 0.655, p > 0.05). Since the presence of profound sun screening activity, this would offer an exciting avenue for further research towards the development of herbal sunscreens of high importance especially for the people living in tropical countries.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determination of In Vitro Photoprotective Potential of Methanolic Leaf Extract of x Citrofortunella microcarpa (Calamondin)
AU  - Amarathunga Achchi Maddumage Dona Dinithi Nuwanga Amarathunga
AU  - Samamalee Upekshi Kankanamge
AU  - Nuwarapakshage Ashoka Sanjeewani
AU  - Ranjith Pathirana
AU  - Wanigasekara Daya Ratnasooriya
Y1  - 2018/02/02
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhnm.20180401.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijhnm.20180401.14
T2  - International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines
JF  - International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines
JO  - International Journal of Homeopathy & Natural Medicines
SP  - 18
EP  - 23
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-2316
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhnm.20180401.14
AB  - This study focused on the evaluation of in vitro Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of leaf extract of x Citrofortunella microcarpa since it has not been investigated. Collected leaves were air-dried, powdered and macerated in methanol. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness and subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis. The concentration series of 2.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.25, and 0.05 mgmL-1 of leaf extract and a solution of 2.0 mgmL-1 Dermatone® were prepared in methanol. The absorbance of each sample was determined in triplicate by spectrophotometry in the range of 290–320 nm, at 5 nm intervals, using methanol as the blank. The SPF values were calculated using the Mansur-equation. Alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, sterols, saponins, terpenoids, and glycosides were qualitatively observed. The SPF of leaf extract with respect to the concentrations 2.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.25, 0.05 mgmL-1 and Dermatone® were 43.93, 42.38, 40.97, 36.63, 13.31 and 34.26 respectively. According to Pearson’s correlation, a positive statically not significant relationship was observed in between SPF and concentration (r = 0.655, p > 0.05). Since the presence of profound sun screening activity, this would offer an exciting avenue for further research towards the development of herbal sunscreens of high importance especially for the people living in tropical countries.
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
ER  -

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