Effect of the Altitudinal Gradient on the Structure and Diversity of the Tree Component in Monte Unango

Diolene Ali

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijees.20210602.13

| Peer-Reviewed

Effect of the Altitudinal Gradient on the Structure and Diversity of the Tree Component in Monte Unango

Diolene Ali

Published in International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science (Volume 6, Issue 2)

Received: 25 November 2020 Accepted: 6 January 2021 Published: 8 May 2021

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

The study was developed with the objective of evaluating the effect of the altitudinal gradient on the structure and diversity of the tree community on Mount Unango, for this, where 3 strata were allocated with 25 plots each, all with 100m². After its development, it was found in strata1, 2 and 3, a total of 1919 tree individuals distributed in 33 species, 25 genera, and 16 botanical families. The families best represented in number of species were: Fabaceae, and Caesalpinaceae. The species Catunaregam obovata, Piliostigma thonningii, Syzygium guineense, Parinari curatellifolia, Cussonia arborea and Annona senegalensis were present in all altimetric strata at Unango Mount. The diversity was: 1,9, 2,6, and 1.8 respectively for strata 1, 2 and 3. Analytically there was a high similarity between the strata 1 and 2 studied with 50% in the Jaccard index (9 species in common), and lower similarity between strata 1 and 3 (1 species in common) with 25% of the index. The gradient studied presents a peak of diversity and richness at intermediate altitudes. And there was an abrupt transition in terms of the composition in the upper stratus (1040m), which presents most of its floristic composition with characteristics of the high mountain ecosystems.

Published in	International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science (Volume 6, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijees.20210602.13
Page(s)	40-49
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Composition, Species, Variation, Similarity, Altitude

References

[1]	AGUIAR, R. V. (2017). Phytosociology and landscaping: Identification of tree species for use in urban afforestation. Brazil: University of Passo Fundo, Faculty of Agronomy and verterinaria medicine: Graduate program in Agronomy.
[2]	BACCI, D. D. (2008). Water education: Advanced studies.
[3]	CAIN, S. &. (1959). Vegetation Analysis Manual. New York: Harper & Brothers.
[4]	COLWELL, R. K. (2006). Estimates Statistical estimate of species richness and shared species of samples, Version 8.
[5]	DAMASCENO, E. R. (2015.). Structure and diversity of ferns and lycophytes in an altitudinal gradient in the Atlantic Forest of Rio de Janeiro. Doctoral Thesis (Botany). National Museum, UFRJ.
[6]	DAMASCENO-JÚNIOR, G. (2005). Floristic and phytosociological study of an altitudinal gradient in the Urucum Massif - Mato Grosso do Sul - Brazil. Campinas: Doctoral Thesis. Campinas State University.
[7]	DAUDE, IA (2015). Structure and diversity of the arboretum's tree component on the southern slope of Monte Unango Sanga District. Unango-Mozambique: UNIVERSIDADE LÚRIO-Faculty of Agricultural Sciences.
[8]	FREITAS, W. K., & MAGALHÃES, L. M. (2012). Methods and parameters for studying vegetation with an emphasis on the tree strata. Forest and Environment.
[9]	IBGE. (2012). Technical Manual of the Brazilian vegetation. 2nd edition. Extended magazine.
[10]	KORNER, C. (2004). Mountain biodiversity, its causes and function. Ambio Special Report.
[11]	KORNER, C. (2007). The use of altitude in ecological research. Trends in Ecology and Evolution.
[12]	KORNER, C., & DIEMER, M. (1991). In situ Photosynthetic Responses to Light, Temperature and Carbon Dioxide in Herbaceous Plants from Low and High Altitude. Funtional Ecology.
[13]	MAE. (2014). Profile of the district of sanga. Maputo.
[14]	MARZOLI, A. (2007). Integrated assessment of Mozambique's forests. Maputos.
[15]	MATE, A. &. (1985). The soils of the unango region (Nïassa Province): Terra e Agua Series: National Institute for Agricultural Research. Maputo-Mozambique.
[16]	MELO, A. S. (2008). What do we gain by 'confusing' species richness and equability in a diversity index? Neotropic biota.
[17]	MUHATE, A. B. (2004). Study of tree composition along an altitudinal gradient in the Moribane forest reserve. Degree Thesis. EMU.
[18]	MUSSUGANHE, G. (2013). Assessment of species diversity in the coastal region of the administrative post of Praia do Bilene. Master's thesis. Eduardo Mondlane University.
[19]	NSUDZULA, J. C. (2005). Composition and structure of an afromontene forest, case study: mbilambi Goba. UEM degree thesis.
[20]	PLANT NAMES PROJECT. (1999). International plant name Index. Retrieved on June 30, 2020, from IPNI: https://www.ipni.org.
[21]	PORTO, M. L. (2008). Plant communities and Phytosociology. Porto Alegra: UFRGS.
[22]	RIBEIRO, N. &. (2002). Tropical Forestry Manual. Faculty of Agronomy and Forest Engineering, Department of Forest Engineering, Eduardo Mondlane University.
[23]	RODRIGUES, G. A. (2010). Influence of altitude on the structure of the hillside forest on the island of Marambaia - RJ. Seropédica, rj.
[24]	SADIA, S., ZHANG, J., SHEAYI, A. A., TARIQ, A., & CAO, K. (2016). Tools and techniques in plant ecology-A review. Journal of Environmental and Agricultural Sciences.
[25]	SAKET, M. (1994). Report on The Updating of the Exploratory National Forest Inventory. FAO / UNDP, Moz / 92/013. Mozambique.: DNFFB.
[26]	SANCHEZ, M. (2001). Floristic composition and structure of the tree community in an altitudinal gradient of the Atlantic Forest. Campinas.: Doctoral Thesis. Campinas State University.
[27]	SCHORN, A. (2009). Phytosociology. Blemenau.
[28]	SCHUMACHER, M. V., & CALIL, F. N. (2005). Applied Forestry. Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria.
[29]	SITOE, A., & BILLA, A. (2008). Manual for the preparation and implementation of the forest management plan. Ministry of Agriculture. Maputo.
[30]	VUONO, Y. S. (2002). Phytosociological Inventory. In Methodological manual for studies in the Atlantic Forest (pp. 51-65). Rio de Janeiro: EDUR.
[31]	WYK, B. V. (1997). Field Guide to trees of southern Africa.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Diolene Ali. (2021). Effect of the Altitudinal Gradient on the Structure and Diversity of the Tree Component in Monte Unango. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science, 6(2), 40-49. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20210602.13

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Diolene Ali. Effect of the Altitudinal Gradient on the Structure and Diversity of the Tree Component in Monte Unango. Int. J. Energy Environ. Sci. 2021, 6(2), 40-49. doi: 10.11648/j.ijees.20210602.13

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Diolene Ali. Effect of the Altitudinal Gradient on the Structure and Diversity of the Tree Component in Monte Unango. Int J Energy Environ Sci. 2021;6(2):40-49. doi: 10.11648/j.ijees.20210602.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijees.20210602.13,
  author = {Diolene Ali},
  title = {Effect of the Altitudinal Gradient on the Structure and Diversity of the Tree Component in Monte Unango},
  journal = {International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {40-49},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijees.20210602.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20210602.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijees.20210602.13},
  abstract = {The study was developed with the objective of evaluating the effect of the altitudinal gradient on the structure and diversity of the tree community on Mount Unango, for this, where 3 strata were allocated with 25 plots each, all with 100m². After its development, it was found in strata1, 2 and 3, a total of 1919 tree individuals distributed in 33 species, 25 genera, and 16 botanical families. The families best represented in number of species were: Fabaceae, and Caesalpinaceae. The species Catunaregam obovata, Piliostigma thonningii, Syzygium guineense, Parinari curatellifolia, Cussonia arborea and Annona senegalensis were present in all altimetric strata at Unango Mount. The diversity was: 1,9, 2,6, and 1.8 respectively for strata 1, 2 and 3. Analytically there was a high similarity between the strata 1 and 2 studied with 50% in the Jaccard index (9 species in common), and lower similarity between strata 1 and 3 (1 species in common) with 25% of the index. The gradient studied presents a peak of diversity and richness at intermediate altitudes. And there was an abrupt transition in terms of the composition in the upper stratus (1040m), which presents most of its floristic composition with characteristics of the high mountain ecosystems.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of the Altitudinal Gradient on the Structure and Diversity of the Tree Component in Monte Unango
AU  - Diolene Ali
Y1  - 2021/05/08
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20210602.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijees.20210602.13
T2  - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science
JF  - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science
JO  - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science
SP  - 40
EP  - 49
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-9546
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20210602.13
AB  - The study was developed with the objective of evaluating the effect of the altitudinal gradient on the structure and diversity of the tree community on Mount Unango, for this, where 3 strata were allocated with 25 plots each, all with 100m². After its development, it was found in strata1, 2 and 3, a total of 1919 tree individuals distributed in 33 species, 25 genera, and 16 botanical families. The families best represented in number of species were: Fabaceae, and Caesalpinaceae. The species Catunaregam obovata, Piliostigma thonningii, Syzygium guineense, Parinari curatellifolia, Cussonia arborea and Annona senegalensis were present in all altimetric strata at Unango Mount. The diversity was: 1,9, 2,6, and 1.8 respectively for strata 1, 2 and 3. Analytically there was a high similarity between the strata 1 and 2 studied with 50% in the Jaccard index (9 species in common), and lower similarity between strata 1 and 3 (1 species in common) with 25% of the index. The gradient studied presents a peak of diversity and richness at intermediate altitudes. And there was an abrupt transition in terms of the composition in the upper stratus (1040m), which presents most of its floristic composition with characteristics of the high mountain ecosystems.
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Diolene Ali

Department of Forestry Engineering, Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, Lichinga, Mozambique

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Diolene Ali. (2021). Effect of the Altitudinal Gradient on the Structure and Diversity of the Tree Component in Monte Unango. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science, 6(2), 40-49. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20210602.13

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Diolene Ali. Effect of the Altitudinal Gradient on the Structure and Diversity of the Tree Component in Monte Unango. Int. J. Energy Environ. Sci. 2021, 6(2), 40-49. doi: 10.11648/j.ijees.20210602.13

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Diolene Ali. Effect of the Altitudinal Gradient on the Structure and Diversity of the Tree Component in Monte Unango. Int J Energy Environ Sci. 2021;6(2):40-49. doi: 10.11648/j.ijees.20210602.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijees.20210602.13,
  author = {Diolene Ali},
  title = {Effect of the Altitudinal Gradient on the Structure and Diversity of the Tree Component in Monte Unango},
  journal = {International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {40-49},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijees.20210602.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20210602.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijees.20210602.13},
  abstract = {The study was developed with the objective of evaluating the effect of the altitudinal gradient on the structure and diversity of the tree community on Mount Unango, for this, where 3 strata were allocated with 25 plots each, all with 100m². After its development, it was found in strata1, 2 and 3, a total of 1919 tree individuals distributed in 33 species, 25 genera, and 16 botanical families. The families best represented in number of species were: Fabaceae, and Caesalpinaceae. The species Catunaregam obovata, Piliostigma thonningii, Syzygium guineense, Parinari curatellifolia, Cussonia arborea and Annona senegalensis were present in all altimetric strata at Unango Mount. The diversity was: 1,9, 2,6, and 1.8 respectively for strata 1, 2 and 3. Analytically there was a high similarity between the strata 1 and 2 studied with 50% in the Jaccard index (9 species in common), and lower similarity between strata 1 and 3 (1 species in common) with 25% of the index. The gradient studied presents a peak of diversity and richness at intermediate altitudes. And there was an abrupt transition in terms of the composition in the upper stratus (1040m), which presents most of its floristic composition with characteristics of the high mountain ecosystems.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of the Altitudinal Gradient on the Structure and Diversity of the Tree Component in Monte Unango
AU  - Diolene Ali
Y1  - 2021/05/08
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20210602.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijees.20210602.13
T2  - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science
JF  - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science
JO  - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science
SP  - 40
EP  - 49
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-9546
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20210602.13
AB  - The study was developed with the objective of evaluating the effect of the altitudinal gradient on the structure and diversity of the tree community on Mount Unango, for this, where 3 strata were allocated with 25 plots each, all with 100m². After its development, it was found in strata1, 2 and 3, a total of 1919 tree individuals distributed in 33 species, 25 genera, and 16 botanical families. The families best represented in number of species were: Fabaceae, and Caesalpinaceae. The species Catunaregam obovata, Piliostigma thonningii, Syzygium guineense, Parinari curatellifolia, Cussonia arborea and Annona senegalensis were present in all altimetric strata at Unango Mount. The diversity was: 1,9, 2,6, and 1.8 respectively for strata 1, 2 and 3. Analytically there was a high similarity between the strata 1 and 2 studied with 50% in the Jaccard index (9 species in common), and lower similarity between strata 1 and 3 (1 species in common) with 25% of the index. The gradient studied presents a peak of diversity and richness at intermediate altitudes. And there was an abrupt transition in terms of the composition in the upper stratus (1040m), which presents most of its floristic composition with characteristics of the high mountain ecosystems.
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download