Some Initial Results on Research and Modeling of Organic Rice Production in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam

Nguyen Cong Thanh; Nguyen Van Manh; Nguyen Van An; Phan Thị Phuong Thao; Doan Thi Hong Cam; Nguyen Tien Hai; Nguyen Thi Huong

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijees.20160101.15

Some Initial Results on Research and Modeling of Organic Rice Production in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam

Nguyen Cong Thanh, Nguyen Van Manh, Nguyen Van An, Phan Thị Phuong Thao, Doan Thi Hong Cam, Nguyen Tien Hai, Nguyen Thi Huong

Published in International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science (Volume 1, Issue 1)

Received: 16 October 2016 Accepted: 9 November 2016 Published: 7 January 2017

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Abstract

The rice-shrimp crop rotation system in the coastal provinces of Mekong Delta (MD) is a special farming system and has become the cultivation practices for decades. Currently, seven provinces in the Mekong Delta applied rice-shrimp farming systems are Soc Trang, Tra Vinh, Bac Lieu, Ca Mau, Ben Tre, Kien Giang and Long An. In this farming system in the dry season when the saltwater intrusion into the field usually begins in February and lasts about 8 months, up to September yearly, farmers raising shrimps, crab and some fishes. After harvesting shrimps, farmers use raining and fresh water to make desalination the field and grow rice in the late August or early September. The study aim is to build the procedure for this kind of initial organic production following the international standards and to demonstrate the organic rice production model for farmers to practice. The methods apply in this research includes experiments on organic fertilizers, high quality rice varieties comparision and seed sowing methods through experiment split-plot design, randomised complete block design along with farmer survey. The initial results showed that in the rice-shrimp system, the sowing density can reduce as compared to recent farmer practice (80-100 kg/ha) with around 60-70 kg/ha. From the experimental results can encourage farmers to apply a row seeding method (using row seeder) with many advantages, and can save seed (seed density below 60 kg/ha). In case of broadcasting seed by hand the seed density use about 70kg/ha. For study on the suitable rice varieties, VTN 19 varieties gave highest yield (4.72 t/ha), followed by ST 5 (4.52 t/ha-check), then OM 4900 (4.37 t/ha); OM 6162 (4.19 t/ha); and OM 5451 (4.09 t/ha). On the effective modeling of farmers producing organic rice, the real profit in the year 2015 was 24,023,000 VND and planning profit in the year 2016, 2017 were 26,511,200 VND and 31,487,600 VND per ha respectively. The highest capital efficiency third year of organic production is 2.4; then the second year (2.0) and first-year (1.8). While in case of inorganic rice production, the capital efficiency is only 1.4. Rice product produced from this organic rice project has received international organic rice certificates from EU (Europe), USDA (United States) and JAS (Japan). With the initial good results this model can encourage to multiply larger areas in the MD.

Published in	International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science (Volume 1, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijees.20160101.15
Page(s)	29-36
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Organic Rice, Chau Thanh District, Tra Vinh Province, Rice - Shrimp System, ST 5 Rice Variety, Row Seeding, Broadcasting Seeding

References

[1]	Nguyen Cong Thanh, Nguyen Van Manh, Nguyen Van An, Phan Thị Phuong Thao, Doan Thi Hong Cam, Nguyen Tien Hai and Nguyen Thi Huong (2016). Proceedings of the IAS in 2016 for scientific research (in Vietnamese). Main results of research on building organic rice production models in Tra Vinh province.
[2]	Hoang Quoc Tuan (2009). Forum Proceedings Agricultural Extension @ technology 7th -2009 on "rotational shrimp-rice production in Mekong Delta" in Dong Thap, date 2/10/2009.
[3]	DOST Vinh Phuc (Monday, 31/10/2011). Scientific and technical inquiry. Department of Science and Technology in Vinh Phuc province. It is said cyanobacteria (blue algae, Cyanobacteria) capable of nitrogen fixation right?
[4]	Nguyen Cong Thanh (2015). The trend of organic production and the situation of organic rice production. Information Science and Technology in Soc Trang Province. Pp. 30-31.
[5]	Nguyen Cong Thanh (2015). How is to produce organic rice?. Website National Agricultural Extension Centre, under the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development. Online: 13/10/2015 10: 22.
[6]	Lê Ninh (2016). The Renminbi was devalued and its impact on the world and Vietnam economy. Center for Information and Forecasting National SOCIO, http://www.ncseif.gov.vn. http://vneconomy.vn, vnexpress.net, cafeF.vn…
[7]	Lê Huy Hải (2012). Shrimp-rice model before challenge of climate change, http://tepbac.com/news/full/1426/Mo-hinh-san-xuat-tom-lua-truoc-thach-thuc-cua-bien-doi-khi-hau.htm, ngày 06/7/2012.
[8]	USDA (2012). Organic Standards. National organic program. http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/NOPOrganicStandards. Last Modified Date: 04/23/2015.
[9]	IFOAM, (2015). Principles of organic agriculture. http://www.ifoam.bio/en/organic-landmarks/principles-organic-agriculture. Online 09/5/2015.
[10]	Gustaf Erikson (2011). Contract farming and organic rice production in Laos – a transformation analysis. ödertörns högskola. Institutionen för Nationalekonomi Magisteruppsats 15 hp. Ekonomi. Höstterminen 2011.
[11]	Sa Kennvidy (2011). Organic Rice Farming Systems in Cambodia: Socio-economic Impact of Smallholder Systems in Takeo Province. IJERD – International Journal of Environmental and Rural Development (2011) 2–1.
[12]	Jingqi Guo (2016). Effect of Rice Variety and Nutrient Management on Organic Rice Production. Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center Beaumont, Texas.
[13]	Vanaja, T., Mammootty, K. P. & Govindan, M. (2013). Development of organic indica rice cultivar (Oryza sativa L.) for the wetlands of Kerala, India through new concepts and strategies of crop improvement. ISSN 1177-4258. Journal of Organic Systems, 8 (2), 2013.

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Nguyen Cong Thanh, Nguyen Van Manh, Nguyen Van An, Phan Thị Phuong Thao, Doan Thi Hong Cam, et al. (2017). Some Initial Results on Research and Modeling of Organic Rice Production in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science, 1(1), 29-36. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20160101.15

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ACS Style

Nguyen Cong Thanh; Nguyen Van Manh; Nguyen Van An; Phan Thị Phuong Thao; Doan Thi Hong Cam, et al. Some Initial Results on Research and Modeling of Organic Rice Production in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Int. J. Energy Environ. Sci. 2017, 1(1), 29-36. doi: 10.11648/j.ijees.20160101.15

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AMA Style

Nguyen Cong Thanh, Nguyen Van Manh, Nguyen Van An, Phan Thị Phuong Thao, Doan Thi Hong Cam, et al. Some Initial Results on Research and Modeling of Organic Rice Production in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Int J Energy Environ Sci. 2017;1(1):29-36. doi: 10.11648/j.ijees.20160101.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ijees.20160101.15,
  author = {Nguyen Cong Thanh and Nguyen Van Manh and Nguyen Van An and Phan Thị Phuong Thao and Doan Thi Hong Cam and Nguyen Tien Hai and Nguyen Thi Huong},
  title = {Some Initial Results on Research and Modeling of Organic Rice Production in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam},
  journal = {International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science},
  volume = {1},
  number = {1},
  pages = {29-36},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijees.20160101.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20160101.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijees.20160101.15},
  abstract = {The rice-shrimp crop rotation system in the coastal provinces of Mekong Delta (MD) is a special farming system and has become the cultivation practices for decades. Currently, seven provinces in the Mekong Delta applied rice-shrimp farming systems are Soc Trang, Tra Vinh, Bac Lieu, Ca Mau, Ben Tre, Kien Giang and Long An. In this farming system in the dry season when the saltwater intrusion into the field usually begins in February and lasts about 8 months, up to September yearly, farmers raising shrimps, crab and some fishes. After harvesting shrimps, farmers use raining and fresh water to make desalination the field and grow rice in the late August or early September. The study aim is to build the procedure for this kind of initial organic production following the international standards and to demonstrate the organic rice production model for farmers to practice. The methods apply in this research includes experiments on organic fertilizers, high quality rice varieties comparision and seed sowing methods through experiment split-plot design, randomised complete block design along with farmer survey. The initial results showed that in the rice-shrimp system, the sowing density can reduce as compared to recent farmer practice (80-100 kg/ha) with around 60-70 kg/ha. From the experimental results can encourage farmers to apply a row seeding method (using row seeder) with many advantages, and can save seed (seed density below 60 kg/ha). In case of broadcasting seed by hand the seed density use about 70kg/ha. For study on the suitable rice varieties, VTN 19 varieties gave highest yield (4.72 t/ha), followed by ST 5 (4.52 t/ha-check), then OM 4900 (4.37 t/ha); OM 6162 (4.19 t/ha); and OM 5451 (4.09 t/ha). On the effective modeling of farmers producing organic rice, the real profit in the year 2015 was 24,023,000 VND and planning profit in the year 2016, 2017 were 26,511,200 VND and 31,487,600 VND per ha respectively. The highest capital efficiency third year of organic production is 2.4; then the second year (2.0) and first-year (1.8). While in case of inorganic rice production, the capital efficiency is only 1.4. Rice product produced from this organic rice project has received international organic rice certificates from EU (Europe), USDA (United States) and JAS (Japan). With the initial good results this model can encourage to multiply larger areas in the MD.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Some Initial Results on Research and Modeling of Organic Rice Production in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
AU  - Nguyen Cong Thanh
AU  - Nguyen Van Manh
AU  - Nguyen Van An
AU  - Phan Thị Phuong Thao
AU  - Doan Thi Hong Cam
AU  - Nguyen Tien Hai
AU  - Nguyen Thi Huong
Y1  - 2017/01/07
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20160101.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijees.20160101.15
T2  - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science
JF  - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science
JO  - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science
SP  - 29
EP  - 36
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-9546
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20160101.15
AB  - The rice-shrimp crop rotation system in the coastal provinces of Mekong Delta (MD) is a special farming system and has become the cultivation practices for decades. Currently, seven provinces in the Mekong Delta applied rice-shrimp farming systems are Soc Trang, Tra Vinh, Bac Lieu, Ca Mau, Ben Tre, Kien Giang and Long An. In this farming system in the dry season when the saltwater intrusion into the field usually begins in February and lasts about 8 months, up to September yearly, farmers raising shrimps, crab and some fishes. After harvesting shrimps, farmers use raining and fresh water to make desalination the field and grow rice in the late August or early September. The study aim is to build the procedure for this kind of initial organic production following the international standards and to demonstrate the organic rice production model for farmers to practice. The methods apply in this research includes experiments on organic fertilizers, high quality rice varieties comparision and seed sowing methods through experiment split-plot design, randomised complete block design along with farmer survey. The initial results showed that in the rice-shrimp system, the sowing density can reduce as compared to recent farmer practice (80-100 kg/ha) with around 60-70 kg/ha. From the experimental results can encourage farmers to apply a row seeding method (using row seeder) with many advantages, and can save seed (seed density below 60 kg/ha). In case of broadcasting seed by hand the seed density use about 70kg/ha. For study on the suitable rice varieties, VTN 19 varieties gave highest yield (4.72 t/ha), followed by ST 5 (4.52 t/ha-check), then OM 4900 (4.37 t/ha); OM 6162 (4.19 t/ha); and OM 5451 (4.09 t/ha). On the effective modeling of farmers producing organic rice, the real profit in the year 2015 was 24,023,000 VND and planning profit in the year 2016, 2017 were 26,511,200 VND and 31,487,600 VND per ha respectively. The highest capital efficiency third year of organic production is 2.4; then the second year (2.0) and first-year (1.8). While in case of inorganic rice production, the capital efficiency is only 1.4. Rice product produced from this organic rice project has received international organic rice certificates from EU (Europe), USDA (United States) and JAS (Japan). With the initial good results this model can encourage to multiply larger areas in the MD.
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Nguyen Cong Thanh

Department of Industrial Crops, Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Southern Vietnam (IAS), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Nguyen Van Manh

Department of Industrial Crops, Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Southern Vietnam (IAS), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Nguyen Van An

Department of Industrial Crops, Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Southern Vietnam (IAS), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Phan Thị Phuong Thao
Doan Thi Hong Cam

Department of Industrial Crops, Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Southern Vietnam (IAS), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Nguyen Tien Hai

Department of Industrial Crops, Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Southern Vietnam (IAS), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Nguyen Thi Huong

Department of Industrial Crops, Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Southern Vietnam (IAS), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

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APA Style

Nguyen Cong Thanh, Nguyen Van Manh, Nguyen Van An, Phan Thị Phuong Thao, Doan Thi Hong Cam, et al. (2017). Some Initial Results on Research and Modeling of Organic Rice Production in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science, 1(1), 29-36. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20160101.15

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ACS Style

Nguyen Cong Thanh; Nguyen Van Manh; Nguyen Van An; Phan Thị Phuong Thao; Doan Thi Hong Cam, et al. Some Initial Results on Research and Modeling of Organic Rice Production in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Int. J. Energy Environ. Sci. 2017, 1(1), 29-36. doi: 10.11648/j.ijees.20160101.15

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AMA Style

Nguyen Cong Thanh, Nguyen Van Manh, Nguyen Van An, Phan Thị Phuong Thao, Doan Thi Hong Cam, et al. Some Initial Results on Research and Modeling of Organic Rice Production in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Int J Energy Environ Sci. 2017;1(1):29-36. doi: 10.11648/j.ijees.20160101.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ijees.20160101.15,
  author = {Nguyen Cong Thanh and Nguyen Van Manh and Nguyen Van An and Phan Thị Phuong Thao and Doan Thi Hong Cam and Nguyen Tien Hai and Nguyen Thi Huong},
  title = {Some Initial Results on Research and Modeling of Organic Rice Production in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam},
  journal = {International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science},
  volume = {1},
  number = {1},
  pages = {29-36},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijees.20160101.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20160101.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijees.20160101.15},
  abstract = {The rice-shrimp crop rotation system in the coastal provinces of Mekong Delta (MD) is a special farming system and has become the cultivation practices for decades. Currently, seven provinces in the Mekong Delta applied rice-shrimp farming systems are Soc Trang, Tra Vinh, Bac Lieu, Ca Mau, Ben Tre, Kien Giang and Long An. In this farming system in the dry season when the saltwater intrusion into the field usually begins in February and lasts about 8 months, up to September yearly, farmers raising shrimps, crab and some fishes. After harvesting shrimps, farmers use raining and fresh water to make desalination the field and grow rice in the late August or early September. The study aim is to build the procedure for this kind of initial organic production following the international standards and to demonstrate the organic rice production model for farmers to practice. The methods apply in this research includes experiments on organic fertilizers, high quality rice varieties comparision and seed sowing methods through experiment split-plot design, randomised complete block design along with farmer survey. The initial results showed that in the rice-shrimp system, the sowing density can reduce as compared to recent farmer practice (80-100 kg/ha) with around 60-70 kg/ha. From the experimental results can encourage farmers to apply a row seeding method (using row seeder) with many advantages, and can save seed (seed density below 60 kg/ha). In case of broadcasting seed by hand the seed density use about 70kg/ha. For study on the suitable rice varieties, VTN 19 varieties gave highest yield (4.72 t/ha), followed by ST 5 (4.52 t/ha-check), then OM 4900 (4.37 t/ha); OM 6162 (4.19 t/ha); and OM 5451 (4.09 t/ha). On the effective modeling of farmers producing organic rice, the real profit in the year 2015 was 24,023,000 VND and planning profit in the year 2016, 2017 were 26,511,200 VND and 31,487,600 VND per ha respectively. The highest capital efficiency third year of organic production is 2.4; then the second year (2.0) and first-year (1.8). While in case of inorganic rice production, the capital efficiency is only 1.4. Rice product produced from this organic rice project has received international organic rice certificates from EU (Europe), USDA (United States) and JAS (Japan). With the initial good results this model can encourage to multiply larger areas in the MD.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Some Initial Results on Research and Modeling of Organic Rice Production in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
AU  - Nguyen Cong Thanh
AU  - Nguyen Van Manh
AU  - Nguyen Van An
AU  - Phan Thị Phuong Thao
AU  - Doan Thi Hong Cam
AU  - Nguyen Tien Hai
AU  - Nguyen Thi Huong
Y1  - 2017/01/07
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20160101.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijees.20160101.15
T2  - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science
JF  - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science
JO  - International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science
SP  - 29
EP  - 36
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-9546
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijees.20160101.15
AB  - The rice-shrimp crop rotation system in the coastal provinces of Mekong Delta (MD) is a special farming system and has become the cultivation practices for decades. Currently, seven provinces in the Mekong Delta applied rice-shrimp farming systems are Soc Trang, Tra Vinh, Bac Lieu, Ca Mau, Ben Tre, Kien Giang and Long An. In this farming system in the dry season when the saltwater intrusion into the field usually begins in February and lasts about 8 months, up to September yearly, farmers raising shrimps, crab and some fishes. After harvesting shrimps, farmers use raining and fresh water to make desalination the field and grow rice in the late August or early September. The study aim is to build the procedure for this kind of initial organic production following the international standards and to demonstrate the organic rice production model for farmers to practice. The methods apply in this research includes experiments on organic fertilizers, high quality rice varieties comparision and seed sowing methods through experiment split-plot design, randomised complete block design along with farmer survey. The initial results showed that in the rice-shrimp system, the sowing density can reduce as compared to recent farmer practice (80-100 kg/ha) with around 60-70 kg/ha. From the experimental results can encourage farmers to apply a row seeding method (using row seeder) with many advantages, and can save seed (seed density below 60 kg/ha). In case of broadcasting seed by hand the seed density use about 70kg/ha. For study on the suitable rice varieties, VTN 19 varieties gave highest yield (4.72 t/ha), followed by ST 5 (4.52 t/ha-check), then OM 4900 (4.37 t/ha); OM 6162 (4.19 t/ha); and OM 5451 (4.09 t/ha). On the effective modeling of farmers producing organic rice, the real profit in the year 2015 was 24,023,000 VND and planning profit in the year 2016, 2017 were 26,511,200 VND and 31,487,600 VND per ha respectively. The highest capital efficiency third year of organic production is 2.4; then the second year (2.0) and first-year (1.8). While in case of inorganic rice production, the capital efficiency is only 1.4. Rice product produced from this organic rice project has received international organic rice certificates from EU (Europe), USDA (United States) and JAS (Japan). With the initial good results this model can encourage to multiply larger areas in the MD.
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
ER  -

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