Soil Test Based Crop Response Phosphorus Calibration Study on Bread Wheat in Degem District of North Shewa Zone, Oromia

Dejene Getahun; Abraham Feyisa; Lello Dejene; Dereje Girma

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijeee.20200501.11

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Soil Test Based Crop Response Phosphorus Calibration Study on Bread Wheat in Degem District of North Shewa Zone, Oromia

Dejene Getahun, Abraham Feyisa, Lello Dejene, Dereje Girma

Published in International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment (Volume 5, Issue 1)

Received: 10 March 2020 Accepted: 20 March 2020 Published: 14 April 2020

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Abstract

Soil test based crop response phosphorous calibration study was conducted Degem district on bread Wheat crop during the main cropping season of 2017 -2019 with the objectives to determine Pc and Pf for bread wheat crop, to establish site-specific soil test based phosphorus fertilizer recommendation and to prepare guideline for bread Wheat fertilizer application. RCBD design was used with 3 replication using 4 rates of N (0, 46, 92 and 138 kg ha^-1) and 5 rates of P₂O₅ (0, 23, 46, 69 and 92 Kg ha^-1) in a factorial combination to determine optimum level of N- rate for bread wheat crop production. And in the second and third year 6 levels of P₂O₅ (0, 23, 46, 69, 92 and 115 Kg ha^-1) and 92 kg N ha¹ of optimum nitrogen rate obtained were applied uniformly for all plots to determine P-critical value (Pc) and P-requirement factor (Pf) for bread Wheat. A total of experimental plot size 5m*4m (20 m²) and Seeds were sown using a seed rate of 150 kg ha^-1 in a plot size of 5 m x 4 m (20 m²) by broadcasting. Fertilizers were applied based on the treatments. Grain yield of bread wheat was analyzed using R-Software. Composite Surface soil samples from 0-20 cm depth were collected from each experimental plot before planting for laboratory analysis of selected soil chemical properties. Similarly, after 21 days of planting, composite soil samples were taken at (0-20 cm depth) using auger for each treatment and replications separately and the sample were subjected to laboratory analysis using Olsen method to analyze available P content in the soils. The result of the study showed that low to extremely high available P ranged from 4 -55.06 ppm. The mean maximum grain yield (3665 kg/ha) was obtained from the application of 92 kg N /ha and 92 kg P₂O₅ /ha where as the lowest (1260 kg /ha) was obtained from control (with out fertilizer). Fertilizer combination of 138 kg N/ha and 92 kg P /ha compared to 92 kg N /ha and 92 kg P / ha showed no significant difference on bread wheat grain yield. Therefore, 92 kg N /ha was selected as N fertilizer recommended for Degem district. From phosphorous calibration study, P-critical value (22 ppm) and P-requirement factor (5.85) was determined for phosphorus fertilizer recommendation for bread wheat crop production in the area. Therefore, the obtained result has to be verified and the economic benefit must be studied across farmers’ fields.

Published in	International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment (Volume 5, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijeee.20200501.11
Page(s)	1-5
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Calibration, Soil Test, RCBD Design, Economic Benefit

References

[1]	Asnakew Wolde-ab, Tekalign Mamo, Mengesha Bekele and Tefera Ajema. 1991. Soil Fertility Management ofwheat in Ethiopia. pp. 112-144. In: HailuGebre Mariam, Tanner, D. G and Mengestu Hulluka (ed). Wheat Research in Ethiopia historical perspective. IAR/CIMMYT, Addis Ababaz.
[2]	CIMMYT, 1988. From Agronomic data to farmer Recommendation: An Economic Training Manual. Completely revised edition, Mexico, DF.
[3]	CSA (Central Statistical Authority), 2015. Agricultural Sample Survey 2014/2015 vol. 1. Report On area and production for major crops (private peasant holding meher season) statistical Bulletin 278, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[4]	Olsen, S. R. Cole, Watanable, F. S. and Dean, L. A. (1954) Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. Circ. U.S. Dep. Agric. 939.
[5]	Penning De Veris and P. Nyamudeza (eds.). The sustainable management of Vertisols. Proceedings of the 20^th International Board for Soil Research and Management (IBSRAM).
[6]	Prasad, R and J. Power. 1997. Soil fertility Management for sustainable Agriculture. Lewis publishers, Bocan Raton, New Work.
[7]	Santhi R, Natesan R, and G. Seh’akumari, 2002. Soil test based fertilizer recommendation under IPNS for aggregatum onion in Inceptisols of Tamil Nadu. Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry. Tamil jadu Agricultural University. Coimhatore Ml 003. India. Agrupedolo R. V, 12: 141-147.
[8]	Schulthess, Urs. Boy Feil and S. C. Jutzi, 1997. Yield independent variation in grain nitrogen and phosphorus concentration among Ethiopian wheat. Agronomy, 89 (3): 497-506.
[9]	Scoones and C. Toulmin (eds), 1999. Polices for Soil fertility Management in Africa. IIED/DFID, London.
[10]	Seyfu Ketema, 1993. “Breeding, Genetic resources, Agronomy, Utilization and role of tef in Ethiopian Agriculture”, Ethiopian Institute of Geological Surveys, Ministry of Mines and Energy, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

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Dejene Getahun, Abraham Feyisa, Lello Dejene, Dereje Girma. (2020). Soil Test Based Crop Response Phosphorus Calibration Study on Bread Wheat in Degem District of North Shewa Zone, Oromia. International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment, 5(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20200501.11

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ACS Style

Dejene Getahun; Abraham Feyisa; Lello Dejene; Dereje Girma. Soil Test Based Crop Response Phosphorus Calibration Study on Bread Wheat in Degem District of North Shewa Zone, Oromia. Int. J. Econ. Energy Environ. 2020, 5(1), 1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20200501.11

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AMA Style

Dejene Getahun, Abraham Feyisa, Lello Dejene, Dereje Girma. Soil Test Based Crop Response Phosphorus Calibration Study on Bread Wheat in Degem District of North Shewa Zone, Oromia. Int J Econ Energy Environ. 2020;5(1):1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20200501.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijeee.20200501.11,
  author = {Dejene Getahun and Abraham Feyisa and Lello Dejene and Dereje Girma},
  title = {Soil Test Based Crop Response Phosphorus Calibration Study on Bread Wheat in Degem District of North Shewa Zone, Oromia},
  journal = {International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-5},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijeee.20200501.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20200501.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijeee.20200501.11},
  abstract = {Soil test based crop response phosphorous calibration study was conducted Degem district on bread Wheat crop during the main cropping season of 2017 -2019 with the objectives to determine Pc and Pf for bread wheat crop, to establish site-specific soil test based phosphorus fertilizer recommendation and to prepare guideline for bread Wheat fertilizer application. RCBD design was used with 3 replication using 4 rates of N (0, 46, 92 and 138 kg ha-1) and 5 rates of P2O5 (0, 23, 46, 69 and 92 Kg ha-1) in a factorial combination to determine optimum level of N- rate for bread wheat crop production. And in the second and third year 6 levels of P2O5 (0, 23, 46, 69, 92 and 115 Kg ha-1) and 92 kg N ha1 of optimum nitrogen rate obtained were applied uniformly for all plots to determine P-critical value (Pc) and P-requirement factor (Pf) for bread Wheat. A total of experimental plot size 5m*4m (20 m2) and Seeds were sown using a seed rate of 150 kg ha-1 in a plot size of 5 m x 4 m (20 m2) by broadcasting. Fertilizers were applied based on the treatments. Grain yield of bread wheat was analyzed using R-Software. Composite Surface soil samples from 0-20 cm depth were collected from each experimental plot before planting for laboratory analysis of selected soil chemical properties. Similarly, after 21 days of planting, composite soil samples were taken at (0-20 cm depth) using auger for each treatment and replications separately and the sample were subjected to laboratory analysis using Olsen method to analyze available P content in the soils. The result of the study showed that low to extremely high available P ranged from 4 -55.06 ppm. The mean maximum grain yield (3665 kg/ha) was obtained from the application of 92 kg N /ha and 92 kg P2O5 /ha where as the lowest (1260 kg /ha) was obtained from control (with out fertilizer). Fertilizer combination of 138 kg N/ha and 92 kg P /ha compared to 92 kg N /ha and 92 kg P / ha showed no significant difference on bread wheat grain yield. Therefore, 92 kg N /ha was selected as N fertilizer recommended for Degem district. From phosphorous calibration study, P-critical value (22 ppm) and P-requirement factor (5.85) was determined for phosphorus fertilizer recommendation for bread wheat crop production in the area. Therefore, the obtained result has to be verified and the economic benefit must be studied across farmers’ fields.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Soil Test Based Crop Response Phosphorus Calibration Study on Bread Wheat in Degem District of North Shewa Zone, Oromia
AU  - Dejene Getahun
AU  - Abraham Feyisa
AU  - Lello Dejene
AU  - Dereje Girma
Y1  - 2020/04/14
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20200501.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijeee.20200501.11
T2  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
JF  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
JO  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5021
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20200501.11
AB  - Soil test based crop response phosphorous calibration study was conducted Degem district on bread Wheat crop during the main cropping season of 2017 -2019 with the objectives to determine Pc and Pf for bread wheat crop, to establish site-specific soil test based phosphorus fertilizer recommendation and to prepare guideline for bread Wheat fertilizer application. RCBD design was used with 3 replication using 4 rates of N (0, 46, 92 and 138 kg ha-1) and 5 rates of P2O5 (0, 23, 46, 69 and 92 Kg ha-1) in a factorial combination to determine optimum level of N- rate for bread wheat crop production. And in the second and third year 6 levels of P2O5 (0, 23, 46, 69, 92 and 115 Kg ha-1) and 92 kg N ha1 of optimum nitrogen rate obtained were applied uniformly for all plots to determine P-critical value (Pc) and P-requirement factor (Pf) for bread Wheat. A total of experimental plot size 5m*4m (20 m2) and Seeds were sown using a seed rate of 150 kg ha-1 in a plot size of 5 m x 4 m (20 m2) by broadcasting. Fertilizers were applied based on the treatments. Grain yield of bread wheat was analyzed using R-Software. Composite Surface soil samples from 0-20 cm depth were collected from each experimental plot before planting for laboratory analysis of selected soil chemical properties. Similarly, after 21 days of planting, composite soil samples were taken at (0-20 cm depth) using auger for each treatment and replications separately and the sample were subjected to laboratory analysis using Olsen method to analyze available P content in the soils. The result of the study showed that low to extremely high available P ranged from 4 -55.06 ppm. The mean maximum grain yield (3665 kg/ha) was obtained from the application of 92 kg N /ha and 92 kg P2O5 /ha where as the lowest (1260 kg /ha) was obtained from control (with out fertilizer). Fertilizer combination of 138 kg N/ha and 92 kg P /ha compared to 92 kg N /ha and 92 kg P / ha showed no significant difference on bread wheat grain yield. Therefore, 92 kg N /ha was selected as N fertilizer recommended for Degem district. From phosphorous calibration study, P-critical value (22 ppm) and P-requirement factor (5.85) was determined for phosphorus fertilizer recommendation for bread wheat crop production in the area. Therefore, the obtained result has to be verified and the economic benefit must be studied across farmers’ fields.
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Dejene Getahun

Fitche Agricultural Research Center, Oromia, Ethiopia
Abraham Feyisa

Fitche Agricultural Research Center, Oromia, Ethiopia
Lello Dejene

Fitche Agricultural Research Center, Oromia, Ethiopia
Dereje Girma

Fitche Agricultural Research Center, Oromia, Ethiopia

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Dejene Getahun, Abraham Feyisa, Lello Dejene, Dereje Girma. (2020). Soil Test Based Crop Response Phosphorus Calibration Study on Bread Wheat in Degem District of North Shewa Zone, Oromia. International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment, 5(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20200501.11

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ACS Style

Dejene Getahun; Abraham Feyisa; Lello Dejene; Dereje Girma. Soil Test Based Crop Response Phosphorus Calibration Study on Bread Wheat in Degem District of North Shewa Zone, Oromia. Int. J. Econ. Energy Environ. 2020, 5(1), 1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20200501.11

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AMA Style

Dejene Getahun, Abraham Feyisa, Lello Dejene, Dereje Girma. Soil Test Based Crop Response Phosphorus Calibration Study on Bread Wheat in Degem District of North Shewa Zone, Oromia. Int J Econ Energy Environ. 2020;5(1):1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeee.20200501.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijeee.20200501.11,
  author = {Dejene Getahun and Abraham Feyisa and Lello Dejene and Dereje Girma},
  title = {Soil Test Based Crop Response Phosphorus Calibration Study on Bread Wheat in Degem District of North Shewa Zone, Oromia},
  journal = {International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-5},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijeee.20200501.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20200501.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijeee.20200501.11},
  abstract = {Soil test based crop response phosphorous calibration study was conducted Degem district on bread Wheat crop during the main cropping season of 2017 -2019 with the objectives to determine Pc and Pf for bread wheat crop, to establish site-specific soil test based phosphorus fertilizer recommendation and to prepare guideline for bread Wheat fertilizer application. RCBD design was used with 3 replication using 4 rates of N (0, 46, 92 and 138 kg ha-1) and 5 rates of P2O5 (0, 23, 46, 69 and 92 Kg ha-1) in a factorial combination to determine optimum level of N- rate for bread wheat crop production. And in the second and third year 6 levels of P2O5 (0, 23, 46, 69, 92 and 115 Kg ha-1) and 92 kg N ha1 of optimum nitrogen rate obtained were applied uniformly for all plots to determine P-critical value (Pc) and P-requirement factor (Pf) for bread Wheat. A total of experimental plot size 5m*4m (20 m2) and Seeds were sown using a seed rate of 150 kg ha-1 in a plot size of 5 m x 4 m (20 m2) by broadcasting. Fertilizers were applied based on the treatments. Grain yield of bread wheat was analyzed using R-Software. Composite Surface soil samples from 0-20 cm depth were collected from each experimental plot before planting for laboratory analysis of selected soil chemical properties. Similarly, after 21 days of planting, composite soil samples were taken at (0-20 cm depth) using auger for each treatment and replications separately and the sample were subjected to laboratory analysis using Olsen method to analyze available P content in the soils. The result of the study showed that low to extremely high available P ranged from 4 -55.06 ppm. The mean maximum grain yield (3665 kg/ha) was obtained from the application of 92 kg N /ha and 92 kg P2O5 /ha where as the lowest (1260 kg /ha) was obtained from control (with out fertilizer). Fertilizer combination of 138 kg N/ha and 92 kg P /ha compared to 92 kg N /ha and 92 kg P / ha showed no significant difference on bread wheat grain yield. Therefore, 92 kg N /ha was selected as N fertilizer recommended for Degem district. From phosphorous calibration study, P-critical value (22 ppm) and P-requirement factor (5.85) was determined for phosphorus fertilizer recommendation for bread wheat crop production in the area. Therefore, the obtained result has to be verified and the economic benefit must be studied across farmers’ fields.},
 year = {2020}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Soil Test Based Crop Response Phosphorus Calibration Study on Bread Wheat in Degem District of North Shewa Zone, Oromia
AU  - Dejene Getahun
AU  - Abraham Feyisa
AU  - Lello Dejene
AU  - Dereje Girma
Y1  - 2020/04/14
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20200501.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijeee.20200501.11
T2  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
JF  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
JO  - International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5021
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20200501.11
AB  - Soil test based crop response phosphorous calibration study was conducted Degem district on bread Wheat crop during the main cropping season of 2017 -2019 with the objectives to determine Pc and Pf for bread wheat crop, to establish site-specific soil test based phosphorus fertilizer recommendation and to prepare guideline for bread Wheat fertilizer application. RCBD design was used with 3 replication using 4 rates of N (0, 46, 92 and 138 kg ha-1) and 5 rates of P2O5 (0, 23, 46, 69 and 92 Kg ha-1) in a factorial combination to determine optimum level of N- rate for bread wheat crop production. And in the second and third year 6 levels of P2O5 (0, 23, 46, 69, 92 and 115 Kg ha-1) and 92 kg N ha1 of optimum nitrogen rate obtained were applied uniformly for all plots to determine P-critical value (Pc) and P-requirement factor (Pf) for bread Wheat. A total of experimental plot size 5m*4m (20 m2) and Seeds were sown using a seed rate of 150 kg ha-1 in a plot size of 5 m x 4 m (20 m2) by broadcasting. Fertilizers were applied based on the treatments. Grain yield of bread wheat was analyzed using R-Software. Composite Surface soil samples from 0-20 cm depth were collected from each experimental plot before planting for laboratory analysis of selected soil chemical properties. Similarly, after 21 days of planting, composite soil samples were taken at (0-20 cm depth) using auger for each treatment and replications separately and the sample were subjected to laboratory analysis using Olsen method to analyze available P content in the soils. The result of the study showed that low to extremely high available P ranged from 4 -55.06 ppm. The mean maximum grain yield (3665 kg/ha) was obtained from the application of 92 kg N /ha and 92 kg P2O5 /ha where as the lowest (1260 kg /ha) was obtained from control (with out fertilizer). Fertilizer combination of 138 kg N/ha and 92 kg P /ha compared to 92 kg N /ha and 92 kg P / ha showed no significant difference on bread wheat grain yield. Therefore, 92 kg N /ha was selected as N fertilizer recommended for Degem district. From phosphorous calibration study, P-critical value (22 ppm) and P-requirement factor (5.85) was determined for phosphorus fertilizer recommendation for bread wheat crop production in the area. Therefore, the obtained result has to be verified and the economic benefit must be studied across farmers’ fields.
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
ER  -

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