The Eggs Turning Frequencies and Turning Angle During Incubation

Adnan Jabbar

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijast.20230702.14

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The Eggs Turning Frequencies and Turning Angle During Incubation

Adnan Jabbar

Published in International Journal of Animal Science and Technology (Volume 7, Issue 2)

Received: 6 February 2023 Accepted: 16 May 2023 Published: 15 June 2023

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to standardize the turning frequencies for incubator manufacture to achieve maximum profitability for poultry industry. The eggs (n=2692800) from Ross, Cobb and IR SP01, 02, 03 (Young Flocks 24-30 weeks), SP04 (Prime flock 31+), SP165, ZF168, JV-06, SP173 (Old flocks 51+) and molted flocks (60+ weeks) flocks SSF24, SSF25, SSF26, SP162, SP167 were collected and divided into two groups (control & experimental). In control group the turning duration was 45 minutes for day (1-6), from 7 to 19^th day the turning duration was between two consecutive turnings was 60 minutes. The turning angle 45°was same for all incubation days in setters. The time between two consecutive turnings at 180° was one minute from day (1-16^th), 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes for day (17^th, 18^th, and 19^th) respectively. The fans rotations were also same inside incubators 55 minutes clockwise and 5 minutes anticlockwise for all incubation days. In Experimental group (G-B) the eggs turning was performed after every 45 minutes for the first six days (0-6 days), (from 7-13th days) the eggs turning was performed after every 60 minutes, (14-15 day) the eggs turning was after every 55 minutes, (16^th day) the turning was after 50 minutes and last three days (17-19 days) in setters the eggs turning was after 45 minutes. The turning angle 45°was same for all incubation days in setters. The fans rotations were also same inside incubators 55 minutes clockwise and 5 minutes anticlockwise for all incubation days (table 2) Group-B. The time between two consecutive turnings at 180° was one minute from day (1-16) and 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes for (17, 18, and 19 days) respectively. The hatchery parameters fertility (94.10 ± 0.49^a, 93.82 ± 0.48^a), Hatchability (86.04 ± 1.42^a, 86.76 ± 1.18^a), candling (5.90 ± 0.49^a, 6.18 ± 0.48^a) and dead in shell (8.06 ± 1.14^a, 7.06 ± 0.95^a) were insignificant (P<0.05). The embryonic mortalities e-g early (0.66 ± 0.12^a, 0.55 ± 0.10^a), mid (0.26 ± 0.04^a, 0.28 ± 0.05^a) and late embryonic mortalities (7.14 ± 1.10^a, 6.23 ± 0.93^a) were also insignificant (P<0.05). In conclusion the change in turning frequencies after day thirteen may not affect the incubation standard.

Published in	International Journal of Animal Science and Technology (Volume 7, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijast.20230702.14
Page(s)	31-34
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Dead in Shell, Incubation, Turning Frequencies

References

[1]	Moraes TGV, Romao JM, Teixeira RSC, Cardoso WM 2008 Effects of egg position in artificial incubation of Japanese quail eggs Anim. Reprod., v. 5, n. 1/2, p. 50-54, Jan./Jun. 2008 file:///C:/Users/ABC/Downloads/animreprod-5-1-50.pdf
[2]	Yoshizaki N and Saito H (2002) Changes in Shell Membranes during the Development of Quail Embryos 2002 Poultry Science 81: 246–251.
[3]	Gabriel da S. Oliveira, Vinícius M. dos Santos, y, Jullyana C. Rodrigues, y and Sheila T. Nascimento 2020 2020 Effects of different egg turning frequencies on incubation efficiency parameters Poultry Science 99: 4417–4420.
[4]	Yoshizaki N and Saito H 2008 Changes in Shell Membranes during the Development of Quail Embryos Department of Biological Diversity, Faculty of Agriculture, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan file:///C:/Users/ABC/Downloads/1-s2.0-S0032579119435773-main.pdf
[5]	Elibol O and Brake† J (2006) Effect of Egg Turning Angle and Frequency during Incubation on Hatchability and Incidence of Unhatched Broiler Embryos with Head in the Small End of the Egg1 Poultry Science 85: 1433–1437.
[6]	Melo E. F 2020 Effect of egg storage duration and egg turning during storage on egg quality and hatching of broiler hatching eggs Animal The international journal of animal biosciences (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
[7]	Jabbar A 2019 The Influence of Hairline crack Eggs on Hatchery Parameters and Chicks Performance”. EC Veterinary Sciences 4. 5 (2019): 325-333.4.
[8]	Jabbar A, Yousaf A, Hameed A, Riaz A and Ditta YA (2019) Influence of Fumigation Strength on Hatchery Parameters and Later Life of Chicks. Journal of Holistic Veterinary Science and Animal Care. 1 (1): 101.
[9]	Jabbar A and Yousaf A (2017). Effect of age wise incubation programme on broiler breeder hatchability and post hatch performance. Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research, 7 (1): 13-17; Jan 25, 2017 ISSN 2228-7701.
[10]	Kalita N, Pathak N, M. Ahmed and Saikia G. K. (2013) Various causes related to dead-in-shell embryos of crossbred (PB-2 x Indigenous) chicken egg. Veterinary World, EISSN: 2231-0916 Available at www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.6/Oct-2013/16.pdf
[11]	Charles Deeming D 2009. The role of egg turning during incubation AVIAN BIOLOGY RESEARCH 2 (1/2), 2009 67-71 file:///C:/Users/ABC/Downloads/175815509x431849.pdf
[12]	Elibol O and Brake† J (2006) Effect of Egg Turning Angle and Frequency during Incubation on Hatchability and Incidence of Unhatched Broiler Embryos with Head in the Small End of the Egg1 Poultry Science 85: 1433–1437.
[13]	Ozlu. S, Uçar A, Erkuş T, Nicholson A. D, and Elibol O 2021 Effects of turning and short period of incubation during long-term egg storage on embryonic development and hatchability of eggs from young and old broiler grandparent flocks. Poultry Science 100: 101026 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2021.101026
[14]	Grochowska E, Kinal A, Sobek Z, Siatkowski I, and Bednarczyk M 2019 Field study on the factors affecting egg weight loss, early embryonic mortality, hatchability, and chick mortality with the use of classification tree technique Poultry Science 98: 3626–3636 http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez180
[15]	Yalcin S, Özkan S, Shah T 2022 Incubation Temperature and Lighting: Effect on Embryonic Development, Post-Hatch Growth, and Adaptive Response Frontiers in Physiology Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.

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Adnan Jabbar. (2023). The Eggs Turning Frequencies and Turning Angle During Incubation. International Journal of Animal Science and Technology, 7(2), 31-34. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijast.20230702.14

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ACS Style

Adnan Jabbar. The Eggs Turning Frequencies and Turning Angle During Incubation. Int. J. Anim. Sci. Technol. 2023, 7(2), 31-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ijast.20230702.14

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AMA Style

Adnan Jabbar. The Eggs Turning Frequencies and Turning Angle During Incubation. Int J Anim Sci Technol. 2023;7(2):31-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ijast.20230702.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ijast.20230702.14,
  author = {Adnan Jabbar},
  title = {The Eggs Turning Frequencies and Turning Angle During Incubation},
  journal = {International Journal of Animal Science and Technology},
  volume = {7},
  number = {2},
  pages = {31-34},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijast.20230702.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijast.20230702.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijast.20230702.14},
  abstract = {The aim of this study was to standardize the turning frequencies for incubator manufacture to achieve maximum profitability for poultry industry. The eggs (n=2692800) from Ross, Cobb and IR SP01, 02, 03 (Young Flocks 24-30 weeks), SP04 (Prime flock 31+), SP165, ZF168, JV-06, SP173 (Old flocks 51+) and molted flocks (60+ weeks) flocks SSF24, SSF25, SSF26, SP162, SP167 were collected and divided into two groups (control & experimental). In control group the turning duration was 45 minutes for day (1-6), from 7 to 19th day the turning duration was between two consecutive turnings was 60 minutes. The turning angle 45°was same for all incubation days in setters. The time between two consecutive turnings at 180° was one minute from day (1-16th), 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes for day (17th, 18th, and 19th) respectively. The fans rotations were also same inside incubators 55 minutes clockwise and 5 minutes anticlockwise for all incubation days. In Experimental group (G-B) the eggs turning was performed after every 45 minutes for the first six days (0-6 days), (from 7-13th days) the eggs turning was performed after every 60 minutes, (14-15 day) the eggs turning was after every 55 minutes, (16th day) the turning was after 50 minutes and last three days (17-19 days) in setters the eggs turning was after 45 minutes. The turning angle 45°was same for all incubation days in setters. The fans rotations were also same inside incubators 55 minutes clockwise and 5 minutes anticlockwise for all incubation days (table 2) Group-B. The time between two consecutive turnings at 180° was one minute from day (1-16) and 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes for (17, 18, and 19 days) respectively. The hatchery parameters fertility (94.10 ± 0.49 a, 93.82 ± 0.48a), Hatchability (86.04 ± 1.42a, 86.76 ± 1.18a), candling (5.90 ± 0.49a, 6.18 ± 0.48a) and dead in shell (8.06 ± 1.14a, 7.06 ± 0.95a) were insignificant (Pa, 0.55 ± 0.10a), mid (0.26 ± 0.04a, 0.28 ± 0.05a) and late embryonic mortalities (7.14 ± 1.10a, 6.23 ± 0.93a) were also insignificant (P<0.05). In conclusion the change in turning frequencies after day thirteen may not affect the incubation standard.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Eggs Turning Frequencies and Turning Angle During Incubation
AU  - Adnan Jabbar
Y1  - 2023/06/15
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijast.20230702.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijast.20230702.14
T2  - International Journal of Animal Science and Technology
JF  - International Journal of Animal Science and Technology
JO  - International Journal of Animal Science and Technology
SP  - 31
EP  - 34
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-1312
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijast.20230702.14
AB  - The aim of this study was to standardize the turning frequencies for incubator manufacture to achieve maximum profitability for poultry industry. The eggs (n=2692800) from Ross, Cobb and IR SP01, 02, 03 (Young Flocks 24-30 weeks), SP04 (Prime flock 31+), SP165, ZF168, JV-06, SP173 (Old flocks 51+) and molted flocks (60+ weeks) flocks SSF24, SSF25, SSF26, SP162, SP167 were collected and divided into two groups (control & experimental). In control group the turning duration was 45 minutes for day (1-6), from 7 to 19th day the turning duration was between two consecutive turnings was 60 minutes. The turning angle 45°was same for all incubation days in setters. The time between two consecutive turnings at 180° was one minute from day (1-16th), 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes for day (17th, 18th, and 19th) respectively. The fans rotations were also same inside incubators 55 minutes clockwise and 5 minutes anticlockwise for all incubation days. In Experimental group (G-B) the eggs turning was performed after every 45 minutes for the first six days (0-6 days), (from 7-13th days) the eggs turning was performed after every 60 minutes, (14-15 day) the eggs turning was after every 55 minutes, (16th day) the turning was after 50 minutes and last three days (17-19 days) in setters the eggs turning was after 45 minutes. The turning angle 45°was same for all incubation days in setters. The fans rotations were also same inside incubators 55 minutes clockwise and 5 minutes anticlockwise for all incubation days (table 2) Group-B. The time between two consecutive turnings at 180° was one minute from day (1-16) and 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes for (17, 18, and 19 days) respectively. The hatchery parameters fertility (94.10 ± 0.49 a, 93.82 ± 0.48a), Hatchability (86.04 ± 1.42a, 86.76 ± 1.18a), candling (5.90 ± 0.49a, 6.18 ± 0.48a) and dead in shell (8.06 ± 1.14a, 7.06 ± 0.95a) were insignificant (Pa, 0.55 ± 0.10a), mid (0.26 ± 0.04a, 0.28 ± 0.05a) and late embryonic mortalities (7.14 ± 1.10a, 6.23 ± 0.93a) were also insignificant (P<0.05). In conclusion the change in turning frequencies after day thirteen may not affect the incubation standard.
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Adnan Jabbar

Salman Poultry pvt. Ltd (Sadiq Group of Companies), Rawalpindi, Pakistan

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Adnan Jabbar. (2023). The Eggs Turning Frequencies and Turning Angle During Incubation. International Journal of Animal Science and Technology, 7(2), 31-34. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijast.20230702.14

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ACS Style

Adnan Jabbar. The Eggs Turning Frequencies and Turning Angle During Incubation. Int. J. Anim. Sci. Technol. 2023, 7(2), 31-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ijast.20230702.14

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Adnan Jabbar. The Eggs Turning Frequencies and Turning Angle During Incubation. Int J Anim Sci Technol. 2023;7(2):31-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ijast.20230702.14

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijast.20230702.14,
  author = {Adnan Jabbar},
  title = {The Eggs Turning Frequencies and Turning Angle During Incubation},
  journal = {International Journal of Animal Science and Technology},
  volume = {7},
  number = {2},
  pages = {31-34},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijast.20230702.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijast.20230702.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijast.20230702.14},
  abstract = {The aim of this study was to standardize the turning frequencies for incubator manufacture to achieve maximum profitability for poultry industry. The eggs (n=2692800) from Ross, Cobb and IR SP01, 02, 03 (Young Flocks 24-30 weeks), SP04 (Prime flock 31+), SP165, ZF168, JV-06, SP173 (Old flocks 51+) and molted flocks (60+ weeks) flocks SSF24, SSF25, SSF26, SP162, SP167 were collected and divided into two groups (control & experimental). In control group the turning duration was 45 minutes for day (1-6), from 7 to 19th day the turning duration was between two consecutive turnings was 60 minutes. The turning angle 45°was same for all incubation days in setters. The time between two consecutive turnings at 180° was one minute from day (1-16th), 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes for day (17th, 18th, and 19th) respectively. The fans rotations were also same inside incubators 55 minutes clockwise and 5 minutes anticlockwise for all incubation days. In Experimental group (G-B) the eggs turning was performed after every 45 minutes for the first six days (0-6 days), (from 7-13th days) the eggs turning was performed after every 60 minutes, (14-15 day) the eggs turning was after every 55 minutes, (16th day) the turning was after 50 minutes and last three days (17-19 days) in setters the eggs turning was after 45 minutes. The turning angle 45°was same for all incubation days in setters. The fans rotations were also same inside incubators 55 minutes clockwise and 5 minutes anticlockwise for all incubation days (table 2) Group-B. The time between two consecutive turnings at 180° was one minute from day (1-16) and 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes for (17, 18, and 19 days) respectively. The hatchery parameters fertility (94.10 ± 0.49 a, 93.82 ± 0.48a), Hatchability (86.04 ± 1.42a, 86.76 ± 1.18a), candling (5.90 ± 0.49a, 6.18 ± 0.48a) and dead in shell (8.06 ± 1.14a, 7.06 ± 0.95a) were insignificant (Pa, 0.55 ± 0.10a), mid (0.26 ± 0.04a, 0.28 ± 0.05a) and late embryonic mortalities (7.14 ± 1.10a, 6.23 ± 0.93a) were also insignificant (P<0.05). In conclusion the change in turning frequencies after day thirteen may not affect the incubation standard.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Eggs Turning Frequencies and Turning Angle During Incubation
AU  - Adnan Jabbar
Y1  - 2023/06/15
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijast.20230702.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijast.20230702.14
T2  - International Journal of Animal Science and Technology
JF  - International Journal of Animal Science and Technology
JO  - International Journal of Animal Science and Technology
SP  - 31
EP  - 34
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-1312
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijast.20230702.14
AB  - The aim of this study was to standardize the turning frequencies for incubator manufacture to achieve maximum profitability for poultry industry. The eggs (n=2692800) from Ross, Cobb and IR SP01, 02, 03 (Young Flocks 24-30 weeks), SP04 (Prime flock 31+), SP165, ZF168, JV-06, SP173 (Old flocks 51+) and molted flocks (60+ weeks) flocks SSF24, SSF25, SSF26, SP162, SP167 were collected and divided into two groups (control & experimental). In control group the turning duration was 45 minutes for day (1-6), from 7 to 19th day the turning duration was between two consecutive turnings was 60 minutes. The turning angle 45°was same for all incubation days in setters. The time between two consecutive turnings at 180° was one minute from day (1-16th), 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes for day (17th, 18th, and 19th) respectively. The fans rotations were also same inside incubators 55 minutes clockwise and 5 minutes anticlockwise for all incubation days. In Experimental group (G-B) the eggs turning was performed after every 45 minutes for the first six days (0-6 days), (from 7-13th days) the eggs turning was performed after every 60 minutes, (14-15 day) the eggs turning was after every 55 minutes, (16th day) the turning was after 50 minutes and last three days (17-19 days) in setters the eggs turning was after 45 minutes. The turning angle 45°was same for all incubation days in setters. The fans rotations were also same inside incubators 55 minutes clockwise and 5 minutes anticlockwise for all incubation days (table 2) Group-B. The time between two consecutive turnings at 180° was one minute from day (1-16) and 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes for (17, 18, and 19 days) respectively. The hatchery parameters fertility (94.10 ± 0.49 a, 93.82 ± 0.48a), Hatchability (86.04 ± 1.42a, 86.76 ± 1.18a), candling (5.90 ± 0.49a, 6.18 ± 0.48a) and dead in shell (8.06 ± 1.14a, 7.06 ± 0.95a) were insignificant (Pa, 0.55 ± 0.10a), mid (0.26 ± 0.04a, 0.28 ± 0.05a) and late embryonic mortalities (7.14 ± 1.10a, 6.23 ± 0.93a) were also insignificant (P<0.05). In conclusion the change in turning frequencies after day thirteen may not affect the incubation standard.
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
ER  -

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