Determinants of Agro-pastoral Households' Livelihood Diversification Strategies in Awbare District, Fafan Zone of Somali State, Ethiopia

Sadik Abdi Hirsi; Abdirahman Husein; Abdirahmaan Awmuuse

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijae.20210606.13

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Determinants of Agro-pastoral Households' Livelihood Diversification Strategies in Awbare District, Fafan Zone of Somali State, Ethiopia

Sadik Abdi Hirsi, Abdirahman Husein, Abdirahmaan Awmuuse

Published in International Journal of Agricultural Economics (Volume 6, Issue 6)

Received: 22 October 2021 Accepted: 16 November 2021 Published: 23 November 2021

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Abstract

Pastoralism and agro-pastoralism with extensive livestock production are the dominant livelihood sources for the Somali regional State's population. However, recent decades marked with climatic shocks such as recurrent drought have negatively impacted livestock production and forced many pastorals and agro-pastoral households to face livelihood crises. To cope with this situation, seeking alternative livelihood sources become inevitable. The objective of this study was to assess the determinants of agro-pastoral household's livelihood diversification strategies in Awbare district, Fafan zone of the Somali State, Ethiopia. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to capture the necessary data, and 153 respondents were randomly selected from the agro-pastoral population using a semi-structured questionnaire, focus group discussion, and key informant interview. Descriptive and inferential statistics such as ANOVA and chi-square and Multinomial logistic model were used to identify determinants factors. The study has revealed that 45.1% of the surveyed agro-pastoral households were engaging livelihood diversification of non-farm, off-farm, and farm+non-farm+off-farm whereas the rest of 54.90% of the respondents were unable to diversify and were practicing only farm activities. The multinomial regression model has identified that the educational status, farm size, use of agricultural farm input, and total annual income of the households were positively associated with the likelihood of engaging livelihood diversification strategies. In contrast, the age, dependent ratio, and access for credit use were negatively associated with the likelihood of livelihood diversification. In conclusion, livelihood diversification among Awbare agro-pastoralists was low due to underlying factors like education and income, and enchasing these factors could improve their livelihood asset. The study suggests that the future policy toward pastoral and agro-pastoralist should consider these factors.

Published in	International Journal of Agricultural Economics (Volume 6, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijae.20210606.13
Page(s)	256-263
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Agro-pastoralists, Livelihood, Determinants, Awbare, Somali State

References

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APA Style

Sadik Abdi Hirsi, Abdirahman Husein, Abdirahmaan Awmuuse. (2021). Determinants of Agro-pastoral Households' Livelihood Diversification Strategies in Awbare District, Fafan Zone of Somali State, Ethiopia. International Journal of Agricultural Economics, 6(6), 256-263. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20210606.13

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ACS Style

Sadik Abdi Hirsi; Abdirahman Husein; Abdirahmaan Awmuuse. Determinants of Agro-pastoral Households' Livelihood Diversification Strategies in Awbare District, Fafan Zone of Somali State, Ethiopia. Int. J. Agric. Econ. 2021, 6(6), 256-263. doi: 10.11648/j.ijae.20210606.13

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AMA Style

Sadik Abdi Hirsi, Abdirahman Husein, Abdirahmaan Awmuuse. Determinants of Agro-pastoral Households' Livelihood Diversification Strategies in Awbare District, Fafan Zone of Somali State, Ethiopia. Int J Agric Econ. 2021;6(6):256-263. doi: 10.11648/j.ijae.20210606.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijae.20210606.13,
  author = {Sadik Abdi Hirsi and Abdirahman Husein and Abdirahmaan Awmuuse},
  title = {Determinants of Agro-pastoral Households' Livelihood Diversification Strategies in Awbare District, Fafan Zone of Somali State, Ethiopia},
  journal = {International Journal of Agricultural Economics},
  volume = {6},
  number = {6},
  pages = {256-263},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijae.20210606.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20210606.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijae.20210606.13},
  abstract = {Pastoralism and agro-pastoralism with extensive livestock production are the dominant livelihood sources for the Somali regional State's population. However, recent decades marked with climatic shocks such as recurrent drought have negatively impacted livestock production and forced many pastorals and agro-pastoral households to face livelihood crises. To cope with this situation, seeking alternative livelihood sources become inevitable. The objective of this study was to assess the determinants of agro-pastoral household's livelihood diversification strategies in Awbare district, Fafan zone of the Somali State, Ethiopia. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to capture the necessary data, and 153 respondents were randomly selected from the agro-pastoral population using a semi-structured questionnaire, focus group discussion, and key informant interview. Descriptive and inferential statistics such as ANOVA and chi-square and Multinomial logistic model were used to identify determinants factors. The study has revealed that 45.1% of the surveyed agro-pastoral households were engaging livelihood diversification of non-farm, off-farm, and farm+non-farm+off-farm whereas the rest of 54.90% of the respondents were unable to diversify and were practicing only farm activities. The multinomial regression model has identified that the educational status, farm size, use of agricultural farm input, and total annual income of the households were positively associated with the likelihood of engaging livelihood diversification strategies. In contrast, the age, dependent ratio, and access for credit use were negatively associated with the likelihood of livelihood diversification. In conclusion, livelihood diversification among Awbare agro-pastoralists was low due to underlying factors like education and income, and enchasing these factors could improve their livelihood asset. The study suggests that the future policy toward pastoral and agro-pastoralist should consider these factors.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determinants of Agro-pastoral Households' Livelihood Diversification Strategies in Awbare District, Fafan Zone of Somali State, Ethiopia
AU  - Sadik Abdi Hirsi
AU  - Abdirahman Husein
AU  - Abdirahmaan Awmuuse
Y1  - 2021/11/23
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20210606.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijae.20210606.13
T2  - International Journal of Agricultural Economics
JF  - International Journal of Agricultural Economics
JO  - International Journal of Agricultural Economics
SP  - 256
EP  - 263
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-3843
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20210606.13
AB  - Pastoralism and agro-pastoralism with extensive livestock production are the dominant livelihood sources for the Somali regional State's population. However, recent decades marked with climatic shocks such as recurrent drought have negatively impacted livestock production and forced many pastorals and agro-pastoral households to face livelihood crises. To cope with this situation, seeking alternative livelihood sources become inevitable. The objective of this study was to assess the determinants of agro-pastoral household's livelihood diversification strategies in Awbare district, Fafan zone of the Somali State, Ethiopia. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to capture the necessary data, and 153 respondents were randomly selected from the agro-pastoral population using a semi-structured questionnaire, focus group discussion, and key informant interview. Descriptive and inferential statistics such as ANOVA and chi-square and Multinomial logistic model were used to identify determinants factors. The study has revealed that 45.1% of the surveyed agro-pastoral households were engaging livelihood diversification of non-farm, off-farm, and farm+non-farm+off-farm whereas the rest of 54.90% of the respondents were unable to diversify and were practicing only farm activities. The multinomial regression model has identified that the educational status, farm size, use of agricultural farm input, and total annual income of the households were positively associated with the likelihood of engaging livelihood diversification strategies. In contrast, the age, dependent ratio, and access for credit use were negatively associated with the likelihood of livelihood diversification. In conclusion, livelihood diversification among Awbare agro-pastoralists was low due to underlying factors like education and income, and enchasing these factors could improve their livelihood asset. The study suggests that the future policy toward pastoral and agro-pastoralist should consider these factors.
VL  - 6
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Sadik Abdi Hirsi

Department of Economics, College of Business and Economics, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
Abdirahman Husein

Departme of Natural Resources Management, Kebridehar University, Kebridehar, Ethiopia
Abdirahmaan Awmuuse

Department of Animal and Range Science, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia

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Sadik Abdi Hirsi, Abdirahman Husein, Abdirahmaan Awmuuse. (2021). Determinants of Agro-pastoral Households' Livelihood Diversification Strategies in Awbare District, Fafan Zone of Somali State, Ethiopia. International Journal of Agricultural Economics, 6(6), 256-263. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20210606.13

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ACS Style

Sadik Abdi Hirsi; Abdirahman Husein; Abdirahmaan Awmuuse. Determinants of Agro-pastoral Households' Livelihood Diversification Strategies in Awbare District, Fafan Zone of Somali State, Ethiopia. Int. J. Agric. Econ. 2021, 6(6), 256-263. doi: 10.11648/j.ijae.20210606.13

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AMA Style

Sadik Abdi Hirsi, Abdirahman Husein, Abdirahmaan Awmuuse. Determinants of Agro-pastoral Households' Livelihood Diversification Strategies in Awbare District, Fafan Zone of Somali State, Ethiopia. Int J Agric Econ. 2021;6(6):256-263. doi: 10.11648/j.ijae.20210606.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijae.20210606.13,
  author = {Sadik Abdi Hirsi and Abdirahman Husein and Abdirahmaan Awmuuse},
  title = {Determinants of Agro-pastoral Households' Livelihood Diversification Strategies in Awbare District, Fafan Zone of Somali State, Ethiopia},
  journal = {International Journal of Agricultural Economics},
  volume = {6},
  number = {6},
  pages = {256-263},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijae.20210606.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20210606.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijae.20210606.13},
  abstract = {Pastoralism and agro-pastoralism with extensive livestock production are the dominant livelihood sources for the Somali regional State's population. However, recent decades marked with climatic shocks such as recurrent drought have negatively impacted livestock production and forced many pastorals and agro-pastoral households to face livelihood crises. To cope with this situation, seeking alternative livelihood sources become inevitable. The objective of this study was to assess the determinants of agro-pastoral household's livelihood diversification strategies in Awbare district, Fafan zone of the Somali State, Ethiopia. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to capture the necessary data, and 153 respondents were randomly selected from the agro-pastoral population using a semi-structured questionnaire, focus group discussion, and key informant interview. Descriptive and inferential statistics such as ANOVA and chi-square and Multinomial logistic model were used to identify determinants factors. The study has revealed that 45.1% of the surveyed agro-pastoral households were engaging livelihood diversification of non-farm, off-farm, and farm+non-farm+off-farm whereas the rest of 54.90% of the respondents were unable to diversify and were practicing only farm activities. The multinomial regression model has identified that the educational status, farm size, use of agricultural farm input, and total annual income of the households were positively associated with the likelihood of engaging livelihood diversification strategies. In contrast, the age, dependent ratio, and access for credit use were negatively associated with the likelihood of livelihood diversification. In conclusion, livelihood diversification among Awbare agro-pastoralists was low due to underlying factors like education and income, and enchasing these factors could improve their livelihood asset. The study suggests that the future policy toward pastoral and agro-pastoralist should consider these factors.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determinants of Agro-pastoral Households' Livelihood Diversification Strategies in Awbare District, Fafan Zone of Somali State, Ethiopia
AU  - Sadik Abdi Hirsi
AU  - Abdirahman Husein
AU  - Abdirahmaan Awmuuse
Y1  - 2021/11/23
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20210606.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijae.20210606.13
T2  - International Journal of Agricultural Economics
JF  - International Journal of Agricultural Economics
JO  - International Journal of Agricultural Economics
SP  - 256
EP  - 263
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-3843
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20210606.13
AB  - Pastoralism and agro-pastoralism with extensive livestock production are the dominant livelihood sources for the Somali regional State's population. However, recent decades marked with climatic shocks such as recurrent drought have negatively impacted livestock production and forced many pastorals and agro-pastoral households to face livelihood crises. To cope with this situation, seeking alternative livelihood sources become inevitable. The objective of this study was to assess the determinants of agro-pastoral household's livelihood diversification strategies in Awbare district, Fafan zone of the Somali State, Ethiopia. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to capture the necessary data, and 153 respondents were randomly selected from the agro-pastoral population using a semi-structured questionnaire, focus group discussion, and key informant interview. Descriptive and inferential statistics such as ANOVA and chi-square and Multinomial logistic model were used to identify determinants factors. The study has revealed that 45.1% of the surveyed agro-pastoral households were engaging livelihood diversification of non-farm, off-farm, and farm+non-farm+off-farm whereas the rest of 54.90% of the respondents were unable to diversify and were practicing only farm activities. The multinomial regression model has identified that the educational status, farm size, use of agricultural farm input, and total annual income of the households were positively associated with the likelihood of engaging livelihood diversification strategies. In contrast, the age, dependent ratio, and access for credit use were negatively associated with the likelihood of livelihood diversification. In conclusion, livelihood diversification among Awbare agro-pastoralists was low due to underlying factors like education and income, and enchasing these factors could improve their livelihood asset. The study suggests that the future policy toward pastoral and agro-pastoralist should consider these factors.
VL  - 6
IS  - 6
ER  -

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