Research Article | | Peer-Reviewed

Specters of Uranus: Sense of Alienation in Western Thinking

Received: 1 November 2025     Accepted: 13 November 2025     Published: 24 December 2025
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

This paper examines the epistemology of the sense of “alienation” in Western thinking since early Greece through to modern day thinking up to Poststructuralism. The term is informed by a sense of insecurity assumed by Uranus to his power and an obsession to retain it. It led to the primordial creation of a binary opposition of “I/We” (Uranus, the power) and “they” (his offspring, the Giants and the Cyclopes, the possible threat to the power), or in short, a sense of alienation, a defense mechanism by Uranus to retain his power. This was the first social dichotomy consciously designed to retain power which soon translated into conflict like Gigantomachy (war between Uranus and the Giants) and later Titanomachy (the war between the Titans and the Olympians). The paper assumes that the idea first gets conceived in and executed by the first Greek God, Uranus, and since then it has found an active legacy in different transmutations. It uses analytical and interpretive methods to look into the transmutation through representative texts in different discourses-literature, politics, science, psychology, mathematics, history. The transmutation has a social impact and this paper is particular with conflict and war as examples. The paper also contends that most of the conflicts in the West, starting with the Trojan War until the Russian-Ukraine conflict, have germs in this idea. What Uranus did is often honestly re-orchestrated by his orphans in the West in new forms and platforms across time and hence an insight into it will certainly impact our perspective on the cause and consequence of conflict and war today.

Published in Humanities and Social Sciences (Volume 13, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.hss.20251306.16
Page(s) 564-572
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Uranus, Alienation, Conflict, Greek Mythology

References
[1] Appel, Fredrick and Ruth Abbey. “Nietzsche and the Will to Politics.” The Review of Politics. 1998, 60(1), 83-114.
[2] Bowman, Karl M. “The Ego and the Id by Sigmund Freud and Joan Rivière.” The American Journal of Psychology. 1928, 40 (4), 644-645.
[3] Beck, Maximilian. “Existentialism.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research. 1944, 5(1), 126-137.
[4] Butcher, S. H.ed. The Poetics of Aristotle. London, Macmillan, 1902, pp. 11.
[5] Levy, Jack S. “The Causes of War and the Conditions of Peace.” Annu. Rev. Polit. Sci. 1998, 1, 139-165. HYPERLINK "
[6] Daniels, Charles B. “Spinoza on the Mind-Body Problem: Two Questions.” Mind. 1976, 85(340), 542-558.
[7] Darwin, Charles. The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex. Princeton University Press, 1981. pp. 226.
[8] Descartes, Rene. Meditation,
[9] Derrida, Jacques. Margins of Philosophy. Alan Bass translated, the Harvester Press; 1972.
[10] Dickens, Charles. A Tale of Two Cities. Great Britain: Everyman’s Library; 1906, pp. 01.
[11] Dupre, Louis. “Hegel’s Concept of Alienation and Mars’s Reinterpretation of It.” Hegel-Studien. 1972, 7, 217-236.
[12] Eliot, T. S. “Tradition and Individual Talent.” English Critical Texts Indian edition, edited by D. J. Enright and Ernst De Chickera, Oxford University Press, 1975, pp. 293-301.
[13] Flage, Daniel E. “Descartes and the Real Distinction Between Body and Mind.” The Review of Metaphysics. 2014, 68(1) 93-106.
[14] Freud, Sigmund. Freud, Sigmund. The Interpretation of Dreams. Lexicon Books, 2011.
[15] Foucault, Michael. Archaeology of Knowledge. New Rork: Pantheon Books, 1972.
[16] Hobbes, Thomas. Leviathan, Oxford at the Clarendon Press, 1651.
[17] Jung, Karl Gustav. The Theory of Psychoanalysis. Nervous and Mental Disease Publishing Co, 1915.
[18] Kain, Philip J. “Marx's Dialectic Method.” History and Theory. 1980, 19(3), 294-312.
[19] Kant, Immanuel. “Von der verschiedenen Rassen der Menschen” (“Of the Different Human Races”), 1777, tr Jon Mark Mikkelson, 1999, Hackett Publishing.
[20] Lucchese, Filippo Del. “Crisis and Power: Economics, Politics and Conflict in Machiavelli’s Political Thought.” History of Political Thought. 2009, 30(1), 75-96.
[21] Machiavelli, Niccolo. The prince. Marriott, W. K. Translated.
[22] Marx, Karl, Frederick Engels. “Manifesto of the Communist Party”. Marx/Engels Selected Works, Vol. 1, Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1969, pp. 98-137.
[23] Motte, Andrew tr. Newton’s Principia: Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy. Daniel Adee, 1846.
[24] Mueller, Gustav E. “The Hegel Legend of ‘Thesis-Antithesis-Synthesis.’" Journal of the History of Ideas. 1958, 19(3), 411-414.
[25] Nietzsche, Friedrich. The Will to Power. Vintage, 1968.
[26] Petrović, Gajo. “Marx's Theory of Alienation.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, vol. 23, No. 3, 1963, pp. 419-426,
[27] Plato. “Philosopher Kings.” Bijoy K. Danta et.al.ed. Great European Thinkers. A Window to Continental Philosophy, India, 2013, 1-34.
[28] Richards, Robert J. “The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex by Charles Darwin.” The British Journal for the History of Science. 2006, 39(4), 615-617.
[29] Roman, Luke et.al. Encyclopedia of Greek and Roman Mythology. New York: Facts on File, 2010, pp. 121-522.
[30] Rousseau, J. Jacques. The Social Contract. Bijoy K. Danta et.al.ed. Great European Thinkers: A Window to Continental Philosophy, India, 2013, pp. 138-57.
[31] Russel, Bertrand. “Introductory”. The History of Western Philosophy. New Work, Smith & Schuster, 1972.
[32] Sandford, Stella. “Kant, race, and natural history.” Philosophy and Social Criticism. 2018, 44 (9), 950-977.
[33] Saussure, Ferdinand de. Course in General Linguistics. Tans. Wade Baskin, ed. Charles Bally and Albert Sechehaye, Philosophical Library, 1959.
[34] Shulman, Marshall D. “Toward a Western Philosophy of Coexistence.” Foreign Affairs. 1973, 52 (1), 35-58.
[35] Tamm, Johanna Margaretha. “Materialism and Spiritualism: The Dualistic Way of Western Thinking.” Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. 1979, 31(1/4), 344-49.
[36] Winspear, A. D. “The Birth of Western Philosophy.” Science & Society. 1939, 3(4), 433-44. HYPERLINK "
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Sharma, R. (2025). Specters of Uranus: Sense of Alienation in Western Thinking. Humanities and Social Sciences, 13(6), 564-572. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20251306.16

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Sharma, R. Specters of Uranus: Sense of Alienation in Western Thinking. Humanit. Soc. Sci. 2025, 13(6), 564-572. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20251306.16

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Sharma R. Specters of Uranus: Sense of Alienation in Western Thinking. Humanit Soc Sci. 2025;13(6):564-572. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20251306.16

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.hss.20251306.16,
      author = {Ramesh Sharma},
      title = {Specters of Uranus: Sense of Alienation in Western Thinking},
      journal = {Humanities and Social Sciences},
      volume = {13},
      number = {6},
      pages = {564-572},
      doi = {10.11648/j.hss.20251306.16},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20251306.16},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hss.20251306.16},
      abstract = {This paper examines the epistemology of the sense of “alienation” in Western thinking since early Greece through to modern day thinking up to Poststructuralism. The term is informed by a sense of insecurity assumed by Uranus to his power and an obsession to retain it. It led to the primordial creation of a binary opposition of “I/We” (Uranus, the power) and “they” (his offspring, the Giants and the Cyclopes, the possible threat to the power), or in short, a sense of alienation, a defense mechanism by Uranus to retain his power. This was the first social dichotomy consciously designed to retain power which soon translated into conflict like Gigantomachy (war between Uranus and the Giants) and later Titanomachy (the war between the Titans and the Olympians). The paper assumes that the idea first gets conceived in and executed by the first Greek God, Uranus, and since then it has found an active legacy in different transmutations. It uses analytical and interpretive methods to look into the transmutation through representative texts in different discourses-literature, politics, science, psychology, mathematics, history. The transmutation has a social impact and this paper is particular with conflict and war as examples. The paper also contends that most of the conflicts in the West, starting with the Trojan War until the Russian-Ukraine conflict, have germs in this idea. What Uranus did is often honestly re-orchestrated by his orphans in the West in new forms and platforms across time and hence an insight into it will certainly impact our perspective on the cause and consequence of conflict and war today.},
     year = {2025}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Specters of Uranus: Sense of Alienation in Western Thinking
    AU  - Ramesh Sharma
    Y1  - 2025/12/24
    PY  - 2025
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20251306.16
    DO  - 10.11648/j.hss.20251306.16
    T2  - Humanities and Social Sciences
    JF  - Humanities and Social Sciences
    JO  - Humanities and Social Sciences
    SP  - 564
    EP  - 572
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8184
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20251306.16
    AB  - This paper examines the epistemology of the sense of “alienation” in Western thinking since early Greece through to modern day thinking up to Poststructuralism. The term is informed by a sense of insecurity assumed by Uranus to his power and an obsession to retain it. It led to the primordial creation of a binary opposition of “I/We” (Uranus, the power) and “they” (his offspring, the Giants and the Cyclopes, the possible threat to the power), or in short, a sense of alienation, a defense mechanism by Uranus to retain his power. This was the first social dichotomy consciously designed to retain power which soon translated into conflict like Gigantomachy (war between Uranus and the Giants) and later Titanomachy (the war between the Titans and the Olympians). The paper assumes that the idea first gets conceived in and executed by the first Greek God, Uranus, and since then it has found an active legacy in different transmutations. It uses analytical and interpretive methods to look into the transmutation through representative texts in different discourses-literature, politics, science, psychology, mathematics, history. The transmutation has a social impact and this paper is particular with conflict and war as examples. The paper also contends that most of the conflicts in the West, starting with the Trojan War until the Russian-Ukraine conflict, have germs in this idea. What Uranus did is often honestly re-orchestrated by his orphans in the West in new forms and platforms across time and hence an insight into it will certainly impact our perspective on the cause and consequence of conflict and war today.
    VL  - 13
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Sections