Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Factors Among HIV-infected Patients at Bafoussam Regional Hospital, Cameroon

Joel Martial Diesse; Cyril Wilfried Missinga; Aude Ngueguim Dougue; Emeline Zogning Makemjio; Stephen Tamekou Lacmata; Jean Paul Dzoyem; Jules-Roger Kuiate

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ejcbs.20200604.13

Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Factors Among HIV-infected Patients at Bafoussam Regional Hospital, Cameroon

Joel Martial Diesse, Cyril Wilfried Missinga, Aude Ngueguim Dougue, Emeline Zogning Makemjio, Stephen Tamekou Lacmata, Jean Paul Dzoyem, Jules-Roger Kuiate

Published in European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 4)

Received: 12 August 2020 Accepted: 22 August 2020 Published: 7 September 2020

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Abstract

The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) transformed HIV infection to a chronic disease, and the complexity of the physiological disorders generated leads to the disruption of body fat distribution and insulin resistance. The resulting metabolic syndrome has rarely been investigated among people living with HIV/AIDS in Cameroon. The aim of the current work was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS under HAART at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital in Cameroon. A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted to collect demographic, clinical and therapeutic data from 371 people living with HIV/AIDS and who are under HAART at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital from November 2017 to February 2019. Abbott Real-time HIV-1 system, FACSCOUNT cytometer and FULLYSMART automates were used to determine HIV RNA level, CD4 cell count and biochemical parameters respectively. The metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the National Cholesterol Education Program -Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII) criteria. The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 37.74% by IDF and 28.84% by ATPIII. Among patients with metabolic syndrome, HDL-hypocholesterolemia was the most prevalent feature (92.14%). We found that aging (OR, 1.05; p, 0.005), HIV RNA level (OR, 3.42; p, 0.001), family history of metabolic and coronary heart disease (OR, 2.24; P, 0.04), alcohol consumption (OR, 4; P, 0.004) and nutritional supplements (OR, 3.5; P<0.001) were the independent predictors of metabolic syndrome. Male sex (OR, 0.22; p,<0.001), use of traditional medicines (OR, 0.28; P<0.001), Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis (OR, 0.45; p, 0.007) and Lamivudine-Tenofovir-Efavirenz antiretroviral regimen (OR, 0.26; p<0.001) were protective factors. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is on the increase among people living with HIV/AIDS in our study population. Both HIV related factors and traditional risk factors were associated with metabolic syndrome.

Published in	European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ejcbs.20200604.13
Page(s)	63-70
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Metabolic Syndrome, People Living with HIV/AIDS, HAART, Traditional Risk Factors

References

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Joel Martial Diesse, Cyril Wilfried Missinga, Aude Ngueguim Dougue, Emeline Zogning Makemjio, Stephen Tamekou Lacmata, et al. (2020). Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Factors Among HIV-infected Patients at Bafoussam Regional Hospital, Cameroon. European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, 6(4), 63-70. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejcbs.20200604.13

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ACS Style

Joel Martial Diesse; Cyril Wilfried Missinga; Aude Ngueguim Dougue; Emeline Zogning Makemjio; Stephen Tamekou Lacmata, et al. Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Factors Among HIV-infected Patients at Bafoussam Regional Hospital, Cameroon. Eur. J. Clin. Biomed. Sci. 2020, 6(4), 63-70. doi: 10.11648/j.ejcbs.20200604.13

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AMA Style

Joel Martial Diesse, Cyril Wilfried Missinga, Aude Ngueguim Dougue, Emeline Zogning Makemjio, Stephen Tamekou Lacmata, et al. Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Factors Among HIV-infected Patients at Bafoussam Regional Hospital, Cameroon. Eur J Clin Biomed Sci. 2020;6(4):63-70. doi: 10.11648/j.ejcbs.20200604.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ejcbs.20200604.13,
  author = {Joel Martial Diesse and Cyril Wilfried Missinga and Aude Ngueguim Dougue and Emeline Zogning Makemjio and Stephen Tamekou Lacmata and Jean Paul Dzoyem and Jules-Roger Kuiate},
  title = {Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Factors Among HIV-infected Patients at Bafoussam Regional Hospital, Cameroon},
  journal = {European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {63-70},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ejcbs.20200604.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejcbs.20200604.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ejcbs.20200604.13},
  abstract = {The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) transformed HIV infection to a chronic disease, and the complexity of the physiological disorders generated leads to the disruption of body fat distribution and insulin resistance. The resulting metabolic syndrome has rarely been investigated among people living with HIV/AIDS in Cameroon. The aim of the current work was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS under HAART at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital in Cameroon. A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted to collect demographic, clinical and therapeutic data from 371 people living with HIV/AIDS and who are under HAART at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital from November 2017 to February 2019. Abbott Real-time HIV-1 system, FACSCOUNT cytometer and FULLYSMART automates were used to determine HIV RNA level, CD4 cell count and biochemical parameters respectively. The metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the National Cholesterol Education Program -Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII) criteria. The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 37.74% by IDF and 28.84% by ATPIII. Among patients with metabolic syndrome, HDL-hypocholesterolemia was the most prevalent feature (92.14%). We found that aging (OR, 1.05; p, 0.005), HIV RNA level (OR, 3.42; p, 0.001), family history of metabolic and coronary heart disease (OR, 2.24; P, 0.04), alcohol consumption (OR, 4; P, 0.004) and nutritional supplements (OR, 3.5; P<0.001) were the independent predictors of metabolic syndrome. Male sex (OR, 0.22; p,<0.001), use of traditional medicines (OR, 0.28; P<0.001), Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis (OR, 0.45; p, 0.007) and Lamivudine-Tenofovir-Efavirenz antiretroviral regimen (OR, 0.26; p<0.001) were protective factors. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is on the increase among people living with HIV/AIDS in our study population. Both HIV related factors and traditional risk factors were associated with metabolic syndrome.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Factors Among HIV-infected Patients at Bafoussam Regional Hospital, Cameroon
AU  - Joel Martial Diesse
AU  - Cyril Wilfried Missinga
AU  - Aude Ngueguim Dougue
AU  - Emeline Zogning Makemjio
AU  - Stephen Tamekou Lacmata
AU  - Jean Paul Dzoyem
AU  - Jules-Roger Kuiate
Y1  - 2020/09/07
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejcbs.20200604.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ejcbs.20200604.13
T2  - European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences
JF  - European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences
JO  - European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences
SP  - 63
EP  - 70
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5005
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejcbs.20200604.13
AB  - The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) transformed HIV infection to a chronic disease, and the complexity of the physiological disorders generated leads to the disruption of body fat distribution and insulin resistance. The resulting metabolic syndrome has rarely been investigated among people living with HIV/AIDS in Cameroon. The aim of the current work was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS under HAART at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital in Cameroon. A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted to collect demographic, clinical and therapeutic data from 371 people living with HIV/AIDS and who are under HAART at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital from November 2017 to February 2019. Abbott Real-time HIV-1 system, FACSCOUNT cytometer and FULLYSMART automates were used to determine HIV RNA level, CD4 cell count and biochemical parameters respectively. The metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the National Cholesterol Education Program -Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII) criteria. The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 37.74% by IDF and 28.84% by ATPIII. Among patients with metabolic syndrome, HDL-hypocholesterolemia was the most prevalent feature (92.14%). We found that aging (OR, 1.05; p, 0.005), HIV RNA level (OR, 3.42; p, 0.001), family history of metabolic and coronary heart disease (OR, 2.24; P, 0.04), alcohol consumption (OR, 4; P, 0.004) and nutritional supplements (OR, 3.5; P<0.001) were the independent predictors of metabolic syndrome. Male sex (OR, 0.22; p,<0.001), use of traditional medicines (OR, 0.28; P<0.001), Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis (OR, 0.45; p, 0.007) and Lamivudine-Tenofovir-Efavirenz antiretroviral regimen (OR, 0.26; p<0.001) were protective factors. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is on the increase among people living with HIV/AIDS in our study population. Both HIV related factors and traditional risk factors were associated with metabolic syndrome.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Joel Martial Diesse

Department of Biochemistry, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
Cyril Wilfried Missinga

HIV Care Centre, Bafoussam Regional Hospital, Bafoussam, Cameroon
Aude Ngueguim Dougue

Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
Emeline Zogning Makemjio

Department of Public Health, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
Stephen Tamekou Lacmata

Department of Biochemistry, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
Jean Paul Dzoyem

Department of Biochemistry, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
Jules-Roger Kuiate

Department of Biochemistry, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon

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Joel Martial Diesse, Cyril Wilfried Missinga, Aude Ngueguim Dougue, Emeline Zogning Makemjio, Stephen Tamekou Lacmata, et al. (2020). Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Factors Among HIV-infected Patients at Bafoussam Regional Hospital, Cameroon. European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, 6(4), 63-70. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejcbs.20200604.13

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ACS Style

Joel Martial Diesse; Cyril Wilfried Missinga; Aude Ngueguim Dougue; Emeline Zogning Makemjio; Stephen Tamekou Lacmata, et al. Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Factors Among HIV-infected Patients at Bafoussam Regional Hospital, Cameroon. Eur. J. Clin. Biomed. Sci. 2020, 6(4), 63-70. doi: 10.11648/j.ejcbs.20200604.13

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AMA Style

Joel Martial Diesse, Cyril Wilfried Missinga, Aude Ngueguim Dougue, Emeline Zogning Makemjio, Stephen Tamekou Lacmata, et al. Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Factors Among HIV-infected Patients at Bafoussam Regional Hospital, Cameroon. Eur J Clin Biomed Sci. 2020;6(4):63-70. doi: 10.11648/j.ejcbs.20200604.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ejcbs.20200604.13,
  author = {Joel Martial Diesse and Cyril Wilfried Missinga and Aude Ngueguim Dougue and Emeline Zogning Makemjio and Stephen Tamekou Lacmata and Jean Paul Dzoyem and Jules-Roger Kuiate},
  title = {Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Factors Among HIV-infected Patients at Bafoussam Regional Hospital, Cameroon},
  journal = {European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {63-70},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ejcbs.20200604.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejcbs.20200604.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ejcbs.20200604.13},
  abstract = {The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) transformed HIV infection to a chronic disease, and the complexity of the physiological disorders generated leads to the disruption of body fat distribution and insulin resistance. The resulting metabolic syndrome has rarely been investigated among people living with HIV/AIDS in Cameroon. The aim of the current work was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS under HAART at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital in Cameroon. A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted to collect demographic, clinical and therapeutic data from 371 people living with HIV/AIDS and who are under HAART at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital from November 2017 to February 2019. Abbott Real-time HIV-1 system, FACSCOUNT cytometer and FULLYSMART automates were used to determine HIV RNA level, CD4 cell count and biochemical parameters respectively. The metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the National Cholesterol Education Program -Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII) criteria. The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 37.74% by IDF and 28.84% by ATPIII. Among patients with metabolic syndrome, HDL-hypocholesterolemia was the most prevalent feature (92.14%). We found that aging (OR, 1.05; p, 0.005), HIV RNA level (OR, 3.42; p, 0.001), family history of metabolic and coronary heart disease (OR, 2.24; P, 0.04), alcohol consumption (OR, 4; P, 0.004) and nutritional supplements (OR, 3.5; P<0.001) were the independent predictors of metabolic syndrome. Male sex (OR, 0.22; p,<0.001), use of traditional medicines (OR, 0.28; P<0.001), Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis (OR, 0.45; p, 0.007) and Lamivudine-Tenofovir-Efavirenz antiretroviral regimen (OR, 0.26; p<0.001) were protective factors. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is on the increase among people living with HIV/AIDS in our study population. Both HIV related factors and traditional risk factors were associated with metabolic syndrome.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Factors Among HIV-infected Patients at Bafoussam Regional Hospital, Cameroon
AU  - Joel Martial Diesse
AU  - Cyril Wilfried Missinga
AU  - Aude Ngueguim Dougue
AU  - Emeline Zogning Makemjio
AU  - Stephen Tamekou Lacmata
AU  - Jean Paul Dzoyem
AU  - Jules-Roger Kuiate
Y1  - 2020/09/07
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejcbs.20200604.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ejcbs.20200604.13
T2  - European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences
JF  - European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences
JO  - European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences
SP  - 63
EP  - 70
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5005
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejcbs.20200604.13
AB  - The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) transformed HIV infection to a chronic disease, and the complexity of the physiological disorders generated leads to the disruption of body fat distribution and insulin resistance. The resulting metabolic syndrome has rarely been investigated among people living with HIV/AIDS in Cameroon. The aim of the current work was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS under HAART at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital in Cameroon. A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted to collect demographic, clinical and therapeutic data from 371 people living with HIV/AIDS and who are under HAART at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital from November 2017 to February 2019. Abbott Real-time HIV-1 system, FACSCOUNT cytometer and FULLYSMART automates were used to determine HIV RNA level, CD4 cell count and biochemical parameters respectively. The metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the National Cholesterol Education Program -Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII) criteria. The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 37.74% by IDF and 28.84% by ATPIII. Among patients with metabolic syndrome, HDL-hypocholesterolemia was the most prevalent feature (92.14%). We found that aging (OR, 1.05; p, 0.005), HIV RNA level (OR, 3.42; p, 0.001), family history of metabolic and coronary heart disease (OR, 2.24; P, 0.04), alcohol consumption (OR, 4; P, 0.004) and nutritional supplements (OR, 3.5; P<0.001) were the independent predictors of metabolic syndrome. Male sex (OR, 0.22; p,<0.001), use of traditional medicines (OR, 0.28; P<0.001), Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis (OR, 0.45; p, 0.007) and Lamivudine-Tenofovir-Efavirenz antiretroviral regimen (OR, 0.26; p<0.001) were protective factors. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is on the increase among people living with HIV/AIDS in our study population. Both HIV related factors and traditional risk factors were associated with metabolic syndrome.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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