Paediatric Abdominal Surgical Emergencies in Enugu, South East Nigeria: Any Change in Pattern and Outcome

Chukwubuike Kevin Emeka; Nduagubam Obinna Chukwuebuka; Ndu Ikenna Kingsley; Odetunde Oluwatoyin Arinola; Ekenze Sebastin Okwuchukwu; Eze Thaddeus Chikaodili

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ejcbs.20190502.12

Paediatric Abdominal Surgical Emergencies in Enugu, South East Nigeria: Any Change in Pattern and Outcome

Chukwubuike Kevin Emeka, Nduagubam Obinna Chukwuebuka, Ndu Ikenna Kingsley, Odetunde Oluwatoyin Arinola, Ekenze Sebastin Okwuchukwu, Eze Thaddeus Chikaodili

Published in European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences (Volume 5, Issue 2)

Received: 7 May 2019 Accepted: 10 June 2019 Published: 26 June 2019

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Background: Paediatric abdominal surgical emergencies (PASE) constitute a significant workload of the paediatric surgeon. The objective of this study was to characterize the pattern of PASE in a tertiary hospital in Enugu and determine any change in pattern and outcome. Methodology: This was a retrospective study of children aged 1 day to 16 years who presented with abdominal surgical emergencies to Enugu State University Teaching Hospital (ESUTH), Enugu. Result: There were 152 patients recruited for the study. There were 122 males and 30 females. The mean age at presentation was 6 years while the mean duration of symptoms before presentation to the hospital was 3.5 days. Thirty eight (25%) patients presented within 48 hours of the onset of their symptoms while 114 patients (75%) presented after 48 hours. The emergencies were intussusception 56 (36.8%), typhoid intestinal perforation 30 (19.7%), obstructed hernia 20 (13.2%), appendicitis 17 (11.2%), abdominal trauma 10 (6.6%), neonatal intestinal obstruction 6 (4%), ruptured appendix 6 (3.9%), Hirschsprung’s disease 4 (2.6%), adhesive bowel obstruction 2 (1.3%), and Gastroschisis 1 (0.7%). The mean hospital stay was 6.7 days. Thirty four patients (22.4%) who had surgery developed post-operative complication. The most common complication was surgical site infection and this occurred most in patients who had typhoid intestinal perforation (P = 0.017). There were 12 (7.9%) deaths. Conclusion: In this series, intussusception was the most common paediatric abdominal surgical emergency seen in Enugu unlike in the past when it used to be typhoid intestinal perforation. Mortality was less in the current study. This illustrates a change in pattern and outcome.

Published in	European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences (Volume 5, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ejcbs.20190502.12
Page(s)	39-42
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Paediatric, Emergencies, Outcome, Pattern, Abdominal, Change

References

[1]	Elhardello OA, MacFie J. Digital rectal examination in patients with acute abdominal pain. Emerg Med J. 2018; 35 (9): 579-580.
[2]	Adejuyigbe O, Fashakin EO. Acute intestinal obstruction in Nigerian children. Trop Gastroenterol. 1989; 10: 33-40.
[3]	Mhando S, Young B, Lakhoo K. The scope of emergency paediatric surgery in Tanzania. Pediatr Surg Int. 2008; 24: 219-222.
[4]	De Burlet K, Lam A, Larsen P, Dennett E. Acute abdominal pain – changes in the way we assess it over a decade. N. Z. Med J. 2017; 130 (1463): 39-44.
[5]	Nadia MH, Craig AF. Managing acute abdominal pain in pediatric patients: current perspectives. Pediatric Health, Medicine and Therapeutics. 2017; 8: 83-91.
[6]	Abdur-Rahman LO, James OA, Adejuyigbe O. Paediatric surgical abdominal emergencies in a north central Nigerian centre. Annals of Pediatr Surgery. 2012; 8: 25-28.
[7]	Mohammed MF, Elbanna KY, Mohammed AME, Murray N, Azzumea F, Almazied G, Nicolam S. Practical Application of Dual-Energy Computed Tomography in the Acute Abdomen. Radiol Clin North Am. 2018; 56 (4): 549-563.
[8]	Mai-Phan MA, Patel B, Walsh M, Abraham AT, Kocher HM. Emergency room surgical workload in an inner city UK teaching hospital. World J Emerg Surg. 2008; 3: 19. doi: 10. 1186/1749-7922-3-19.
[9]	Abubakar AM, Ofoegbu CP. Factors affecting outcome of emergency pediatric abdominal surgery. Niger J Surg Res. 2003; 3-4: 85-91.
[10]	Ekenze SO, Anyanwu PA, Ezomike UO, Oguonu T. Profile of pediatric abdominal surgical emergencies in a developing country. Int Surg. 2010; 95 (4): 319-24.
[11]	Ademuyiwa OA, Bode CO, Adesanya OA, Elebute OA. Non- trauma related paediatric abdominal surgical emergencies in Lagos, Nigeria: Epidemiology and indicators of survival. Niger Med J. 2012; 53 (2): 76-79. doi: 10. 4103/0300-1652: 103546.
[12]	Uba AF, Edino ST, Yakubu AA, Sheshe AA. Childhood intestinal obstruction in Northwestern Nigeria. West African Journal of Medicine. 2004; 23: 314-18.
[13]	Houben CH, Pang KK, Mou WC, Chan KW, Tam YH, Lee KH. Epidemiology of small bowel obstruction beyond the neonatal period. 2016; 12 (3): 90-93. doi: 10. 1097/01.XPS.0000481055.24776.db.
[14]	Abantanga FA, Nimako B, Amoah M. The range of abdominal surgical emergency in children older than 1 year at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana. 2009; 8 (4): 236-242.
[15]	Li PH, Tee YS, Fu CY, Liao CH, Wang SY, Hsu YP, Yeh CN, Wu EH. The Role of Nonconstrast CT in the Evaluation of Surgical Abdomen Patients. Am Surg 2018; 84 (6): 1015-1021.
[16]	Emily Janitz, Lena Naffaa, Michael Rubin, Srinivas Ganapathy. Ultrasound Evaluation for Appendicitis. Focus on the Pediatric Population: A Review of the Literature. J Am Osteopath Coll Radiol. 2016; 5 (1): 5-14.
[17]	Nnabuchi CV, Babalola DI. Incidence and management of typhoid fever in Nigeria. Journal of Obafemi Awolowo University Medical student’s Association (IFEMED). 2008; 14 (1): 75-78.
[18]	Antonoff M, Marquez T, Saltzman D. Physiology of the newborn. In: Holcomb GW, Murphy JP, editors. Ashcraft’s Pediatric Surgery. 5^th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier; 2010.
[19]	Si Ra Bang. Neonatal anesthesia; how we manage our most vulnerable patients. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2015; 68 (5): 434-441. doi: 10. 4097/kjae.2015.68.5.434.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Chukwubuike Kevin Emeka, Nduagubam Obinna Chukwuebuka, Ndu Ikenna Kingsley, Odetunde Oluwatoyin Arinola, Ekenze Sebastin Okwuchukwu, et al. (2019). Paediatric Abdominal Surgical Emergencies in Enugu, South East Nigeria: Any Change in Pattern and Outcome. European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, 5(2), 39-42. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejcbs.20190502.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Chukwubuike Kevin Emeka; Nduagubam Obinna Chukwuebuka; Ndu Ikenna Kingsley; Odetunde Oluwatoyin Arinola; Ekenze Sebastin Okwuchukwu, et al. Paediatric Abdominal Surgical Emergencies in Enugu, South East Nigeria: Any Change in Pattern and Outcome. Eur. J. Clin. Biomed. Sci. 2019, 5(2), 39-42. doi: 10.11648/j.ejcbs.20190502.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Chukwubuike Kevin Emeka, Nduagubam Obinna Chukwuebuka, Ndu Ikenna Kingsley, Odetunde Oluwatoyin Arinola, Ekenze Sebastin Okwuchukwu, et al. Paediatric Abdominal Surgical Emergencies in Enugu, South East Nigeria: Any Change in Pattern and Outcome. Eur J Clin Biomed Sci. 2019;5(2):39-42. doi: 10.11648/j.ejcbs.20190502.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ejcbs.20190502.12,
  author = {Chukwubuike Kevin Emeka and Nduagubam Obinna Chukwuebuka and Ndu Ikenna Kingsley and Odetunde Oluwatoyin Arinola and Ekenze Sebastin Okwuchukwu and Eze Thaddeus Chikaodili},
  title = {Paediatric Abdominal Surgical Emergencies in Enugu, South East Nigeria: Any Change in Pattern and Outcome},
  journal = {European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences},
  volume = {5},
  number = {2},
  pages = {39-42},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ejcbs.20190502.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejcbs.20190502.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ejcbs.20190502.12},
  abstract = {Background: Paediatric abdominal surgical emergencies (PASE) constitute a significant workload of the paediatric surgeon. The objective of this study was to characterize the pattern of PASE in a tertiary hospital in Enugu and determine any change in pattern and outcome. Methodology: This was a retrospective study of children aged 1 day to 16 years who presented with abdominal surgical emergencies to Enugu State University Teaching Hospital (ESUTH), Enugu. Result: There were 152 patients recruited for the study. There were 122 males and 30 females. The mean age at presentation was 6 years while the mean duration of symptoms before presentation to the hospital was 3.5 days. Thirty eight (25%) patients presented within 48 hours of the onset of their symptoms while 114 patients (75%) presented after 48 hours. The emergencies were intussusception 56 (36.8%), typhoid intestinal perforation 30 (19.7%), obstructed hernia 20 (13.2%), appendicitis 17 (11.2%), abdominal trauma 10 (6.6%), neonatal intestinal obstruction 6 (4%), ruptured appendix 6 (3.9%), Hirschsprung’s disease 4 (2.6%), adhesive bowel obstruction 2 (1.3%), and Gastroschisis 1 (0.7%). The mean hospital stay was 6.7 days. Thirty four patients (22.4%) who had surgery developed post-operative complication. The most common complication was surgical site infection and this occurred most in patients who had typhoid intestinal perforation (P = 0.017). There were 12 (7.9%) deaths. Conclusion: In this series, intussusception was the most common paediatric abdominal surgical emergency seen in Enugu unlike in the past when it used to be typhoid intestinal perforation. Mortality was less in the current study. This illustrates a change in pattern and outcome.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download

TY - JOUR
T1 - Paediatric Abdominal Surgical Emergencies in Enugu, South East Nigeria: Any Change in Pattern and Outcome
AU - Chukwubuike Kevin Emeka
AU - Nduagubam Obinna Chukwuebuka
AU - Ndu Ikenna Kingsley
AU - Odetunde Oluwatoyin Arinola
AU - Ekenze Sebastin Okwuchukwu
AU - Eze Thaddeus Chikaodili
Y1 - 2019/06/26
PY - 2019
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejcbs.20190502.12
DO - 10.11648/j.ejcbs.20190502.12
T2 - European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences
JF - European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences
JO - European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences
SP - 39
EP - 42
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2575-5005
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejcbs.20190502.12
AB - Background: Paediatric abdominal surgical emergencies (PASE) constitute a significant workload of the paediatric surgeon. The objective of this study was to characterize the pattern of PASE in a tertiary hospital in Enugu and determine any change in pattern and outcome. Methodology: This was a retrospective study of children aged 1 day to 16 years who presented with abdominal surgical emergencies to Enugu State University Teaching Hospital (ESUTH), Enugu. Result: There were 152 patients recruited for the study. There were 122 males and 30 females. The mean age at presentation was 6 years while the mean duration of symptoms before presentation to the hospital was 3.5 days. Thirty eight (25%) patients presented within 48 hours of the onset of their symptoms while 114 patients (75%) presented after 48 hours. The emergencies were intussusception 56 (36.8%), typhoid intestinal perforation 30 (19.7%), obstructed hernia 20 (13.2%), appendicitis 17 (11.2%), abdominal trauma 10 (6.6%), neonatal intestinal obstruction 6 (4%), ruptured appendix 6 (3.9%), Hirschsprung’s disease 4 (2.6%), adhesive bowel obstruction 2 (1.3%), and Gastroschisis 1 (0.7%). The mean hospital stay was 6.7 days. Thirty four patients (22.4%) who had surgery developed post-operative complication. The most common complication was surgical site infection and this occurred most in patients who had typhoid intestinal perforation (P = 0.017). There were 12 (7.9%) deaths. Conclusion: In this series, intussusception was the most common paediatric abdominal surgical emergency seen in Enugu unlike in the past when it used to be typhoid intestinal perforation. Mortality was less in the current study. This illustrates a change in pattern and outcome.
VL - 5
IS - 2
ER -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Chukwubuike Kevin Emeka

Department of Surgery, Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
Nduagubam Obinna Chukwuebuka

Department of Paediatrics, Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
Ndu Ikenna Kingsley

Department of Paediatrics, Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
Odetunde Oluwatoyin Arinola

Department of Surgery, Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
Ekenze Sebastin Okwuchukwu

Department of Surgery, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
Eze Thaddeus Chikaodili

Department of Surgery, Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Chukwubuike Kevin Emeka, Nduagubam Obinna Chukwuebuka, Ndu Ikenna Kingsley, Odetunde Oluwatoyin Arinola, Ekenze Sebastin Okwuchukwu, et al. (2019). Paediatric Abdominal Surgical Emergencies in Enugu, South East Nigeria: Any Change in Pattern and Outcome. European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, 5(2), 39-42. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejcbs.20190502.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Chukwubuike Kevin Emeka; Nduagubam Obinna Chukwuebuka; Ndu Ikenna Kingsley; Odetunde Oluwatoyin Arinola; Ekenze Sebastin Okwuchukwu, et al. Paediatric Abdominal Surgical Emergencies in Enugu, South East Nigeria: Any Change in Pattern and Outcome. Eur. J. Clin. Biomed. Sci. 2019, 5(2), 39-42. doi: 10.11648/j.ejcbs.20190502.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Chukwubuike Kevin Emeka, Nduagubam Obinna Chukwuebuka, Ndu Ikenna Kingsley, Odetunde Oluwatoyin Arinola, Ekenze Sebastin Okwuchukwu, et al. Paediatric Abdominal Surgical Emergencies in Enugu, South East Nigeria: Any Change in Pattern and Outcome. Eur J Clin Biomed Sci. 2019;5(2):39-42. doi: 10.11648/j.ejcbs.20190502.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ejcbs.20190502.12,
  author = {Chukwubuike Kevin Emeka and Nduagubam Obinna Chukwuebuka and Ndu Ikenna Kingsley and Odetunde Oluwatoyin Arinola and Ekenze Sebastin Okwuchukwu and Eze Thaddeus Chikaodili},
  title = {Paediatric Abdominal Surgical Emergencies in Enugu, South East Nigeria: Any Change in Pattern and Outcome},
  journal = {European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences},
  volume = {5},
  number = {2},
  pages = {39-42},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ejcbs.20190502.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejcbs.20190502.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ejcbs.20190502.12},
  abstract = {Background: Paediatric abdominal surgical emergencies (PASE) constitute a significant workload of the paediatric surgeon. The objective of this study was to characterize the pattern of PASE in a tertiary hospital in Enugu and determine any change in pattern and outcome. Methodology: This was a retrospective study of children aged 1 day to 16 years who presented with abdominal surgical emergencies to Enugu State University Teaching Hospital (ESUTH), Enugu. Result: There were 152 patients recruited for the study. There were 122 males and 30 females. The mean age at presentation was 6 years while the mean duration of symptoms before presentation to the hospital was 3.5 days. Thirty eight (25%) patients presented within 48 hours of the onset of their symptoms while 114 patients (75%) presented after 48 hours. The emergencies were intussusception 56 (36.8%), typhoid intestinal perforation 30 (19.7%), obstructed hernia 20 (13.2%), appendicitis 17 (11.2%), abdominal trauma 10 (6.6%), neonatal intestinal obstruction 6 (4%), ruptured appendix 6 (3.9%), Hirschsprung’s disease 4 (2.6%), adhesive bowel obstruction 2 (1.3%), and Gastroschisis 1 (0.7%). The mean hospital stay was 6.7 days. Thirty four patients (22.4%) who had surgery developed post-operative complication. The most common complication was surgical site infection and this occurred most in patients who had typhoid intestinal perforation (P = 0.017). There were 12 (7.9%) deaths. Conclusion: In this series, intussusception was the most common paediatric abdominal surgical emergency seen in Enugu unlike in the past when it used to be typhoid intestinal perforation. Mortality was less in the current study. This illustrates a change in pattern and outcome.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download