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Antipredator Mechanism of Hylarana nigrovittata (Blyth, 1856) (Anura: Ranide) from Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia

Received: 18 October 2016     Accepted: 8 November 2016     Published: 12 December 2016
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Abstract

In this study, Hylarana nigrovittata was used as specimen organism to explore antipredator behaviour. In March 2016, five adult males of H. nigrovittata were collected from its natural habitat at Lata Bayu, Baling, Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia. When these specimens released in an open area, they leaped in various directions and showed several defensive mechanisms. Active escape is the main strategy and observed in all the specimens. Death feigning behaviour was shown by specimen 1 and 4, crouching down by specimen 3 and stiff-legged by specimen 4. However, specimen 2 and 5 hasn’t shown any defensive strategy except the active escape. These findings revealed the antipredator mechanism developed by H. nigrovittata, for a protection against the potential predators.

Published in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (Volume 1, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.14
Page(s) 64-67
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Anura, Defensive Strategy, Hylarana nigrovittata, Peninsular Malaysia, Stream

References
[1] Berry, P. Y. (1975). The Amphibians Fauna of Peninsular Malaysia. Tropical Press, Kuala Lumpur. 133 pp.
[2] Bertoluci, J., Brassaloti, R. A., Sawakuchi, H. O., Ribeiro, J. W. JR and Woehl, G. JR (2007). Defensive Behavior with Stiff-legged Posture in the Brazilian Tree Toads Dendrophryniscus brevipollicatus and D. leucomystax (Anura, Bufonidae). Alytes. 25 (1-2): 38-44.
[3] Duellman, W. E. and Trueb, L. (1986). Biology of Amphibians. McGraw-Hill Book Company. New York. 670 pp.
[4] Giaretta, A. and Martins, L. (2009). Notes on the Call and Behavior of Arcovomer passarellii (Anura: Microhylidae). Herpetology Notes. 2: 91-93.
[5] Grismer, L. L., Chan, K. O., Grismer, J. L., Wood, P. L., Jr. and Norhayati, A. (2010). A Checklist of the Herpetofauna of the Banjaran Bintang, Peninsular Malaysia. Russian Journal of Herpetology. 17 (2): 147-160.
[6] Grismer, L. L. (2011). Amphibians and Reptiles of the Seribuat Archipelago. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt. 239 pp.
[7] Ibrahim, J., Zalina, A., Shahriza, S., Shahrul Anuar, M. S., Nur Hafizah, I., Amirah, H., Nurul Dalila, A. R., Abdul Muin, M. A. and Amirudin, I. (2012). Checklist of the Herpetofauna of Bukit Perangin Forest Reserve, Kedah, Malaysia. Sains Malaysiana. 41 (6): 691-696.
[8] IUCN (2015). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015-4. . Downloaded on 07 May 2016.
[9] Kiew, B. H., Diong, C. H. and Lim, B. L. (1995). An Annotated Checklist of the Amphibians Fauna in the Temenggor Forest Reserve, Hulu Perak, Malaysia. Malayan Nature Journal. 48: 347-351.
[10] Mira-Mendes, C. V., Ruas, D. S., Castro, I., Sole, M. and Baumgarten, J. E. (2016). Defensive Behaviours in the Bahia Forest Frog Macrogenioglottus alipioi Carvalho, 1946 (Anura: Odontophrynidae), with a Review of the Stiff-legged Posture. Herpetology Notes. 9: 91-94.
[11] Sazima, I. (1978). Convergent Defensive Behavior of Two Leaf-litter Frog of Southeastern Brazil. Biotropica. 10 (2): 158.
[12] Shahriza, S. (2014a). Defensive Behaviour of Microhyla berdmorei (Blyth, 1856) (Anura: Microhylidae) from Peninsular Malaysia. Herpetology Notes. 7: 787-789.
[13] Shahriza, S. (2014b). Leptobrachium hendricksoni (Spotted Litter Frog). Death Feigning. Herpetological Review. 45 (4).680.
[14] Shahriza, S. (2016). Death Feigning Behaviour of Several Frog Species from Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia. Annual Research and Review in Biology. 9 (6): 1-8.
[15] Toledo, L. F. and Haddad, C. F. B. (2009). Colors and some Morphological Traits as Defensive Mechanisms in Anurans. International Journal of Zoology. 2009: 1-12.
[16] Toledo, L. F., Sazima, I. and Haddad, C. F. B. (2010). Is it all Death Feigning? Case in Anurans. Journal of Natural History. 44: 31-32.
[17] Toledo, L. F., Sazima, I. and Haddad, C. F. B. (2011). Behavioural Defences of Anurans: An Overview. Ethology Ecology & Evolution. 23 (1): 1-25.
[18] Wells, K. D. (2007). The Ecology and Behavior of Amphibians. Chicago and London. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL. 1400.
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  • APA Style

    Shahriza Shahrudin. (2016). Antipredator Mechanism of Hylarana nigrovittata (Blyth, 1856) (Anura: Ranide) from Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia. Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 1(3), 64-67. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.14

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    ACS Style

    Shahriza Shahrudin. Antipredator Mechanism of Hylarana nigrovittata (Blyth, 1856) (Anura: Ranide) from Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia. Ecol. Evol. Biol. 2016, 1(3), 64-67. doi: 10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.14

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    AMA Style

    Shahriza Shahrudin. Antipredator Mechanism of Hylarana nigrovittata (Blyth, 1856) (Anura: Ranide) from Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia. Ecol Evol Biol. 2016;1(3):64-67. doi: 10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.14,
      author = {Shahriza Shahrudin},
      title = {Antipredator Mechanism of Hylarana nigrovittata (Blyth, 1856) (Anura: Ranide) from Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia},
      journal = {Ecology and Evolutionary Biology},
      volume = {1},
      number = {3},
      pages = {64-67},
      doi = {10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.eeb.20160103.14},
      abstract = {In this study, Hylarana nigrovittata was used as specimen organism to explore antipredator behaviour. In March 2016, five adult males of H. nigrovittata were collected from its natural habitat at Lata Bayu, Baling, Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia. When these specimens released in an open area, they leaped in various directions and showed several defensive mechanisms. Active escape is the main strategy and observed in all the specimens. Death feigning behaviour was shown by specimen 1 and 4, crouching down by specimen 3 and stiff-legged by specimen 4. However, specimen 2 and 5 hasn’t shown any defensive strategy except the active escape. These findings revealed the antipredator mechanism developed by H. nigrovittata, for a protection against the potential predators.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

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    T2  - Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
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    AB  - In this study, Hylarana nigrovittata was used as specimen organism to explore antipredator behaviour. In March 2016, five adult males of H. nigrovittata were collected from its natural habitat at Lata Bayu, Baling, Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia. When these specimens released in an open area, they leaped in various directions and showed several defensive mechanisms. Active escape is the main strategy and observed in all the specimens. Death feigning behaviour was shown by specimen 1 and 4, crouching down by specimen 3 and stiff-legged by specimen 4. However, specimen 2 and 5 hasn’t shown any defensive strategy except the active escape. These findings revealed the antipredator mechanism developed by H. nigrovittata, for a protection against the potential predators.
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Author Information
  • School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia

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