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Aneuploidy Occurrence in Oligochaeta

Received: 2 August 2016     Accepted: 8 November 2016     Published: 2 December 2016
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Abstract

Appearance of aneuploidy in the germ and somatic lines is usually associated with chromosome and genome rearrangements leading to polysomies and cancer. However, aneuploidy plays an important role in chromosome evolution and in the regulation of the ontogenetic development and phenotypic expression. The latter is known as chromosome diminutions. In Oligochaeta (mainly family Naididae but also Lumbricidae, Erpobdellidae and Branchiobdellidae), we have equated the variability of the chromosome count numbers with aneuploidy based on the results of our analyses and identified chromosome-like nondisjunctions as a major mechanism responsible for it. Another author detected Robertsonian-like translocations producing aneuploidy in Eisenia fetida (Lumbricidae, Oligochaeta). Our observations, nevertheless, show that, among karyotyped haploid/diploid cells, the most frequent were haploid (1n) or diploid (2n) chromosome counts connected by multiples. The number of aneuploidy counts was decreasing with the increase of x in expressions 1n + x/1n – x or 2n + x/2n – x. Noteworthy is that not all frequencies of chromosomes in a pair have the same probability. For example, odd aneuploidy numbers of chromosomes are significantly less frequent than the even ones. The wide spread of aneuploidy among Oligochaeta supports the punctuated equilibria model of evolution.

Published in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (Volume 1, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.13
Page(s) 57-63
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Oligochaeta, Earthworm, Aneuploidy, Evolution, Macroevolution, Microevolution

References
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Tomáš Pavlíček, Tova Cohen, Shweta Yadav, Michèle Glasstetter, Petr Král, et al. (2016). Aneuploidy Occurrence in Oligochaeta. Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 1(3), 57-63. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.13

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    ACS Style

    Tomáš Pavlíček; Tova Cohen; Shweta Yadav; Michèle Glasstetter; Petr Král, et al. Aneuploidy Occurrence in Oligochaeta. Ecol. Evol. Biol. 2016, 1(3), 57-63. doi: 10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.13

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    AMA Style

    Tomáš Pavlíček, Tova Cohen, Shweta Yadav, Michèle Glasstetter, Petr Král, et al. Aneuploidy Occurrence in Oligochaeta. Ecol Evol Biol. 2016;1(3):57-63. doi: 10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.13,
      author = {Tomáš Pavlíček and Tova Cohen and Shweta Yadav and Michèle Glasstetter and Petr Král and Oren Pearlson},
      title = {Aneuploidy Occurrence in Oligochaeta},
      journal = {Ecology and Evolutionary Biology},
      volume = {1},
      number = {3},
      pages = {57-63},
      doi = {10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eeb.20160103.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.eeb.20160103.13},
      abstract = {Appearance of aneuploidy in the germ and somatic lines is usually associated with chromosome and genome rearrangements leading to polysomies and cancer. However, aneuploidy plays an important role in chromosome evolution and in the regulation of the ontogenetic development and phenotypic expression. The latter is known as chromosome diminutions. In Oligochaeta (mainly family Naididae but also Lumbricidae, Erpobdellidae and Branchiobdellidae), we have equated the variability of the chromosome count numbers with aneuploidy based on the results of our analyses and identified chromosome-like nondisjunctions as a major mechanism responsible for it. Another author detected Robertsonian-like translocations producing aneuploidy in Eisenia fetida (Lumbricidae, Oligochaeta). Our observations, nevertheless, show that, among karyotyped haploid/diploid cells, the most frequent were haploid (1n) or diploid (2n) chromosome counts connected by multiples. The number of aneuploidy counts was decreasing with the increase of x in expressions 1n + x/1n – x or 2n + x/2n – x. Noteworthy is that not all frequencies of chromosomes in a pair have the same probability. For example, odd aneuploidy numbers of chromosomes are significantly less frequent than the even ones. The wide spread of aneuploidy among Oligochaeta supports the punctuated equilibria model of evolution.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

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    T1  - Aneuploidy Occurrence in Oligochaeta
    AU  - Tomáš Pavlíček
    AU  - Tova Cohen
    AU  - Shweta Yadav
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    JO  - Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
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    AB  - Appearance of aneuploidy in the germ and somatic lines is usually associated with chromosome and genome rearrangements leading to polysomies and cancer. However, aneuploidy plays an important role in chromosome evolution and in the regulation of the ontogenetic development and phenotypic expression. The latter is known as chromosome diminutions. In Oligochaeta (mainly family Naididae but also Lumbricidae, Erpobdellidae and Branchiobdellidae), we have equated the variability of the chromosome count numbers with aneuploidy based on the results of our analyses and identified chromosome-like nondisjunctions as a major mechanism responsible for it. Another author detected Robertsonian-like translocations producing aneuploidy in Eisenia fetida (Lumbricidae, Oligochaeta). Our observations, nevertheless, show that, among karyotyped haploid/diploid cells, the most frequent were haploid (1n) or diploid (2n) chromosome counts connected by multiples. The number of aneuploidy counts was decreasing with the increase of x in expressions 1n + x/1n – x or 2n + x/2n – x. Noteworthy is that not all frequencies of chromosomes in a pair have the same probability. For example, odd aneuploidy numbers of chromosomes are significantly less frequent than the even ones. The wide spread of aneuploidy among Oligochaeta supports the punctuated equilibria model of evolution.
    VL  - 1
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel

  • School of Biological Sciences, Dr. H S Gour Central University, Sagar, India

  • Department of Environmental Sciences, Biogeography, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

  • Departments of Chemistry, Physics and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, the University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA

  • Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel

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