Design of Pyrolysis Reactor for Waste Plastic Recycling

Wondwosen Bekele; Wassihun Amedie; Zelalem Salehudres

doi:doi:10.11648/j.eas.20200505.12

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Design of Pyrolysis Reactor for Waste Plastic Recycling

Wondwosen Bekele, Wassihun Amedie, Zelalem Salehudres

Published in Engineering and Applied Sciences (Volume 5, Issue 5)

Received: 1 September 2020 Accepted: 21 October 2020 Published: 4 November 2020

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Abstract

There is an increase in the production and consumption of plastics in day to day life. All plastics are disposed as waste after their usage. The need to intervene through proper disposal and management of waste plastics is very crucial. These call the use of thermal pyrolysis, which is a way of making these wastes to become very useful to us by recycling them to produce fuel oil. In this study, the pyrolysis reactor was design and manufactured for recycling of waste plastic into fuel working by the principle of thermal pyrolysis process. Three experiments are carried out to test the proper function of the reactor. It was found that about 84% of fuel obtained from one kilogram of plastic at temperature of 360°C. The feed stock that was used for the experiment was plastic wastes of polyethylene with different proportion LDPE and HDPE. The method feeding the feedstock to the reactor was by opining the top cover of the reactor for every batch. The reactor was heating externally using furnaces built for the purpose and at the outlet of reactor the condenser is attached to condense the vapors coming out of it. The reactor temperature was controlled by thermocouple sensor fixed inside the reactor and this sensor connected to an external PD controller. A separation procedure of fuel was employed by controlling the internal temperature of the reactor. Three types of fuel obtained from these experiments which are similar to gasoil, kerosene and diesel temperature range from 130°C - 230°C, 230°C -270°C and 230°C and above respectively. The fuel obtained from the experiment tested and characterized in national petroleum supply enterprise laboratory and meet the physical and chemical characteristic of fuels for different applications.

Published in	Engineering and Applied Sciences (Volume 5, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.eas.20200505.12
Page(s)	92-97
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Design, Manufacturing, Reactor, Fuel, Hydrocarbon, Plastics Wastes, Polyethylene, Pyrolysis, Temperature

References

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[2]	Kamisky, W., (1992), pyrolysis of polymers. Emerging Technologies in plastic recycling, Ed. G. D. S. Andrews, P. M., and Washington, DC: American Chemical Society.
[3]	Gupta, O. P., Elements of Fuels, Furnaces and Refractories, Khanna Publishers, Delhi, 2005.
[4]	Anja Oasmaa (2019), Pyrolysis of plastic waste: opportunities and challenges, Engineering Conferences International, ECI Digital Archives, Pyrolysis and Liquefaction of Biomass and Wastes proceedings, VVT, Finland.
[5]	Kim JR, Yoon JH, Park DW. (2002), Catalytic recycling of the mixture of polypropylene and polystyrene. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2002, Pages 61-67.
[6]	Dinish Chacko, et al. (2016), plastic Waste to fuel: A Sustainable method for waste Management, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 7, Issue 3.
[7]	Anandhu Vijaya, kumar, Jilse Sebastian, (2018), Pyrolysis process to produce fuel from different types of plastic – a review, IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering.
[8]	Ji-Lu, Z., 2007. Bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of rice husk: Yields and related properties and improvement of the pyrolysis system. Journal of Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis.
[9]	S. Sensoz and D. Angın, 2007 “Pyrolysis of safflower (Charthamustinctorius L.) seed press cake in a fixed-bed reactor: Part 2. Structural characterization of pyrolysis bio-oils” Journal of Bio-resource Technology.
[10]	J. T. Alberto, Weihong Yang, Wlodzimierz Blasia, 2006, “Pyrolysis characteristics and global kinetics of coconut and cashew nut shells,” Fuel Processing Technology, vol 87.
[11]	David A. Katz, (1998), identification of polymers. Chemist, Educator, Science Communicator, and Consultant.
[12]	Meier, JF, 1996, ‘Fundamentals of Plastics and Elastomers’, in CA Harper (ed), Handbook of Plastics, Elastomers, and Composites, McGraw-Hill, New York.
[13]	Sorum, L, Gronli, MG & Hustad, JE (2001), ‘Pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics of municipal solid wastes’, Fuel, vol. 80, no. 9.
[14]	Masuda, T. T., T., (2006), Development of a process for the continuous conversion of waste plastics mixtures to fuel. Feedstock recycling and pyrolysis of waste plastics, Ed. J. K. Sheirs, W., Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. 161-192.
[15]	Jong Jin Park, Kwinam Park, Jin-Won Park and Dong Chan Kim, 2002, Characteristics of LDPE Pyrolysis, Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering volume 19, Article number: 658.
[16]	Shigley J., Mischke C., Budynas R. & Nisbett K., “Mechanical Engineering Design”, 8th ed., Tata McGraw-Hill, 2008.
[17]	Pinakin Mehta ENVIS, (2004), Newsletter-6 Management of plastic, polymer wastes and Bio-polymer and impact of plastic on the eco-system volume 2.
[18]	Osueke, C. O. I. O. Ofondu (2010) “conversion of waste plastics (polyethylene) to fuel by means of pyrolysis international journal of advanced engineering sciences and technologies vol no. 4, issue no. 1, 021 – 024. Publication, New York.

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APA Style

Wondwosen Bekele, Wassihun Amedie, Zelalem Salehudres. (2020). Design of Pyrolysis Reactor for Waste Plastic Recycling. Engineering and Applied Sciences, 5(5), 92-97. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20200505.12

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ACS Style

Wondwosen Bekele; Wassihun Amedie; Zelalem Salehudres. Design of Pyrolysis Reactor for Waste Plastic Recycling. Eng. Appl. Sci. 2020, 5(5), 92-97. doi: 10.11648/j.eas.20200505.12

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AMA Style

Wondwosen Bekele, Wassihun Amedie, Zelalem Salehudres. Design of Pyrolysis Reactor for Waste Plastic Recycling. Eng Appl Sci. 2020;5(5):92-97. doi: 10.11648/j.eas.20200505.12

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@article{10.11648/j.eas.20200505.12,
  author = {Wondwosen Bekele and Wassihun Amedie and Zelalem Salehudres},
  title = {Design of Pyrolysis Reactor for Waste Plastic Recycling},
  journal = {Engineering and Applied Sciences},
  volume = {5},
  number = {5},
  pages = {92-97},
  doi = {10.11648/j.eas.20200505.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20200505.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.eas.20200505.12},
  abstract = {There is an increase in the production and consumption of plastics in day to day life. All plastics are disposed as waste after their usage. The need to intervene through proper disposal and management of waste plastics is very crucial. These call the use of thermal pyrolysis, which is a way of making these wastes to become very useful to us by recycling them to produce fuel oil. In this study, the pyrolysis reactor was design and manufactured for recycling of waste plastic into fuel working by the principle of thermal pyrolysis process. Three experiments are carried out to test the proper function of the reactor. It was found that about 84% of fuel obtained from one kilogram of plastic at temperature of 360°C. The feed stock that was used for the experiment was plastic wastes of polyethylene with different proportion LDPE and HDPE. The method feeding the feedstock to the reactor was by opining the top cover of the reactor for every batch. The reactor was heating externally using furnaces built for the purpose and at the outlet of reactor the condenser is attached to condense the vapors coming out of it. The reactor temperature was controlled by thermocouple sensor fixed inside the reactor and this sensor connected to an external PD controller. A separation procedure of fuel was employed by controlling the internal temperature of the reactor. Three types of fuel obtained from these experiments which are similar to gasoil, kerosene and diesel temperature range from 130°C - 230°C, 230°C -270°C and 230°C and above respectively. The fuel obtained from the experiment tested and characterized in national petroleum supply enterprise laboratory and meet the physical and chemical characteristic of fuels for different applications.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Design of Pyrolysis Reactor for Waste Plastic Recycling
AU - Wondwosen Bekele
AU - Wassihun Amedie
AU - Zelalem Salehudres
Y1 - 2020/11/04
PY - 2020
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20200505.12
DO - 10.11648/j.eas.20200505.12
T2 - Engineering and Applied Sciences
JF - Engineering and Applied Sciences
JO - Engineering and Applied Sciences
SP - 92
EP - 97
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2575-1468
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20200505.12
AB - There is an increase in the production and consumption of plastics in day to day life. All plastics are disposed as waste after their usage. The need to intervene through proper disposal and management of waste plastics is very crucial. These call the use of thermal pyrolysis, which is a way of making these wastes to become very useful to us by recycling them to produce fuel oil. In this study, the pyrolysis reactor was design and manufactured for recycling of waste plastic into fuel working by the principle of thermal pyrolysis process. Three experiments are carried out to test the proper function of the reactor. It was found that about 84% of fuel obtained from one kilogram of plastic at temperature of 360°C. The feed stock that was used for the experiment was plastic wastes of polyethylene with different proportion LDPE and HDPE. The method feeding the feedstock to the reactor was by opining the top cover of the reactor for every batch. The reactor was heating externally using furnaces built for the purpose and at the outlet of reactor the condenser is attached to condense the vapors coming out of it. The reactor temperature was controlled by thermocouple sensor fixed inside the reactor and this sensor connected to an external PD controller. A separation procedure of fuel was employed by controlling the internal temperature of the reactor. Three types of fuel obtained from these experiments which are similar to gasoil, kerosene and diesel temperature range from 130°C - 230°C, 230°C -270°C and 230°C and above respectively. The fuel obtained from the experiment tested and characterized in national petroleum supply enterprise laboratory and meet the physical and chemical characteristic of fuels for different applications.
VL - 5
IS - 5
ER -

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Author Information

Wondwosen Bekele

Department of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, School of Engineering, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
Wassihun Amedie

Department of Production Engineering, College of Engineering, Defence University, Bishoftu, Ethiopia
Zelalem Salehudres

Department of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, School of Engineering, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Wondwosen Bekele, Wassihun Amedie, Zelalem Salehudres. (2020). Design of Pyrolysis Reactor for Waste Plastic Recycling. Engineering and Applied Sciences, 5(5), 92-97. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20200505.12

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ACS Style

Wondwosen Bekele; Wassihun Amedie; Zelalem Salehudres. Design of Pyrolysis Reactor for Waste Plastic Recycling. Eng. Appl. Sci. 2020, 5(5), 92-97. doi: 10.11648/j.eas.20200505.12

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AMA Style

Wondwosen Bekele, Wassihun Amedie, Zelalem Salehudres. Design of Pyrolysis Reactor for Waste Plastic Recycling. Eng Appl Sci. 2020;5(5):92-97. doi: 10.11648/j.eas.20200505.12

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@article{10.11648/j.eas.20200505.12,
  author = {Wondwosen Bekele and Wassihun Amedie and Zelalem Salehudres},
  title = {Design of Pyrolysis Reactor for Waste Plastic Recycling},
  journal = {Engineering and Applied Sciences},
  volume = {5},
  number = {5},
  pages = {92-97},
  doi = {10.11648/j.eas.20200505.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20200505.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.eas.20200505.12},
  abstract = {There is an increase in the production and consumption of plastics in day to day life. All plastics are disposed as waste after their usage. The need to intervene through proper disposal and management of waste plastics is very crucial. These call the use of thermal pyrolysis, which is a way of making these wastes to become very useful to us by recycling them to produce fuel oil. In this study, the pyrolysis reactor was design and manufactured for recycling of waste plastic into fuel working by the principle of thermal pyrolysis process. Three experiments are carried out to test the proper function of the reactor. It was found that about 84% of fuel obtained from one kilogram of plastic at temperature of 360°C. The feed stock that was used for the experiment was plastic wastes of polyethylene with different proportion LDPE and HDPE. The method feeding the feedstock to the reactor was by opining the top cover of the reactor for every batch. The reactor was heating externally using furnaces built for the purpose and at the outlet of reactor the condenser is attached to condense the vapors coming out of it. The reactor temperature was controlled by thermocouple sensor fixed inside the reactor and this sensor connected to an external PD controller. A separation procedure of fuel was employed by controlling the internal temperature of the reactor. Three types of fuel obtained from these experiments which are similar to gasoil, kerosene and diesel temperature range from 130°C - 230°C, 230°C -270°C and 230°C and above respectively. The fuel obtained from the experiment tested and characterized in national petroleum supply enterprise laboratory and meet the physical and chemical characteristic of fuels for different applications.},
 year = {2020}
}

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