Geo-Spatial Dynamics of Land Surface Temperature of Port Harcourt Metropolis and Environs: Implication for Heat Disaster Management

Nwaerema Peace; Temi Emmanuel Ologunorisa; Moses Okemini Nwagbara; Ojeh Nduka Vincent

doi:doi:10.11648/j.earth.20190803.15

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Geo-Spatial Dynamics of Land Surface Temperature of Port Harcourt Metropolis and Environs: Implication for Heat Disaster Management

Nwaerema Peace, Temi Emmanuel Ologunorisa, Moses Okemini Nwagbara, Ojeh Nduka Vincent

Published in Earth Sciences (Volume 8, Issue 3)

Received: 12 May 2019 Accepted: 13 June 2019 Published: 26 June 2019

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Abstract

Since 1986, the rate of expansion of population and urban pavement materials in Port Harcourt metropolis and environs has generated enormous heat capable of causing disaster. This paper examines geo-spatial dynamics of Land Surface Temperature (LST) of Port Harcourt metropolis and environs from 1986 to 2018 using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) approach. To achieve this purpose, satellite data were retrieved and analyzed using the algorithm for extracting LST from Landsat 5, 7 and 8 thermal infrared sensor sources from the Google Earth Engine (GEE). The results indicate that in 1986, LST concentrated on the south-western (Bakana) and north-eastern (Oyigbo) sections of the city with temperature range of 19.27°C and 30.17°C having population of 757,022 persons. In 2003, LST concentrated on the city centre, south-western (Bakana) and north-western (Rumuekeni) segments with temperature range of 16.14°C and 34.19°C having population of 1,143,103 persons respectively. Also, in 2018 LST shifted its concentration to north-eastern and south-eastern segments of the city with a variation of 21.6°C and 35.31°C having population of 3,095,342 persons expected to experience heat related ailments such as heat stroke. The city has compromised the standard human comfort threshold of 27°C. It is recommended that there should be immediate urban greening of tree planting, de-congestion of development activities from the eastern segment of Port Harcourt city to the western segment as well as practical implementation of urban management plan without further delay.

Published in	Earth Sciences (Volume 8, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.earth.20190803.15
Page(s)	169-177
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Geo-spatial, GIS, Land Surface Temperature, Urban Pavement Materials, Population, Heat Disaster

References

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APA Style

Nwaerema Peace, Temi Emmanuel Ologunorisa, Moses Okemini Nwagbara, Ojeh Nduka Vincent. (2019). Geo-Spatial Dynamics of Land Surface Temperature of Port Harcourt Metropolis and Environs: Implication for Heat Disaster Management. Earth Sciences, 8(3), 169-177. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20190803.15

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ACS Style

Nwaerema Peace; Temi Emmanuel Ologunorisa; Moses Okemini Nwagbara; Ojeh Nduka Vincent. Geo-Spatial Dynamics of Land Surface Temperature of Port Harcourt Metropolis and Environs: Implication for Heat Disaster Management. Earth Sci. 2019, 8(3), 169-177. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20190803.15

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AMA Style

Nwaerema Peace, Temi Emmanuel Ologunorisa, Moses Okemini Nwagbara, Ojeh Nduka Vincent. Geo-Spatial Dynamics of Land Surface Temperature of Port Harcourt Metropolis and Environs: Implication for Heat Disaster Management. Earth Sci. 2019;8(3):169-177. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20190803.15

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@article{10.11648/j.earth.20190803.15,
  author = {Nwaerema Peace and Temi Emmanuel Ologunorisa and Moses Okemini Nwagbara and Ojeh Nduka Vincent},
  title = {Geo-Spatial Dynamics of Land Surface Temperature of Port Harcourt Metropolis and Environs: Implication for Heat Disaster Management},
  journal = {Earth Sciences},
  volume = {8},
  number = {3},
  pages = {169-177},
  doi = {10.11648/j.earth.20190803.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20190803.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.earth.20190803.15},
  abstract = {Since 1986, the rate of expansion of population and urban pavement materials in Port Harcourt metropolis and environs has generated enormous heat capable of causing disaster. This paper examines geo-spatial dynamics of Land Surface Temperature (LST) of Port Harcourt metropolis and environs from 1986 to 2018 using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) approach. To achieve this purpose, satellite data were retrieved and analyzed using the algorithm for extracting LST from Landsat 5, 7 and 8 thermal infrared sensor sources from the Google Earth Engine (GEE). The results indicate that in 1986, LST concentrated on the south-western (Bakana) and north-eastern (Oyigbo) sections of the city with temperature range of 19.27°C and 30.17°C having population of 757,022 persons. In 2003, LST concentrated on the city centre, south-western (Bakana) and north-western (Rumuekeni) segments with temperature range of 16.14°C and 34.19°C having population of 1,143,103 persons respectively. Also, in 2018 LST shifted its concentration to north-eastern and south-eastern segments of the city with a variation of 21.6°C and 35.31°C having population of 3,095,342 persons expected to experience heat related ailments such as heat stroke. The city has compromised the standard human comfort threshold of 27°C. It is recommended that there should be immediate urban greening of tree planting, de-congestion of development activities from the eastern segment of Port Harcourt city to the western segment as well as practical implementation of urban management plan without further delay.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Geo-Spatial Dynamics of Land Surface Temperature of Port Harcourt Metropolis and Environs: Implication for Heat Disaster Management
AU  - Nwaerema Peace
AU  - Temi Emmanuel Ologunorisa
AU  - Moses Okemini Nwagbara
AU  - Ojeh Nduka Vincent
Y1  - 2019/06/26
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20190803.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.earth.20190803.15
T2  - Earth Sciences
JF  - Earth Sciences
JO  - Earth Sciences
SP  - 169
EP  - 177
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5982
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20190803.15
AB  - Since 1986, the rate of expansion of population and urban pavement materials in Port Harcourt metropolis and environs has generated enormous heat capable of causing disaster. This paper examines geo-spatial dynamics of Land Surface Temperature (LST) of Port Harcourt metropolis and environs from 1986 to 2018 using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) approach. To achieve this purpose, satellite data were retrieved and analyzed using the algorithm for extracting LST from Landsat 5, 7 and 8 thermal infrared sensor sources from the Google Earth Engine (GEE). The results indicate that in 1986, LST concentrated on the south-western (Bakana) and north-eastern (Oyigbo) sections of the city with temperature range of 19.27°C and 30.17°C having population of 757,022 persons. In 2003, LST concentrated on the city centre, south-western (Bakana) and north-western (Rumuekeni) segments with temperature range of 16.14°C and 34.19°C having population of 1,143,103 persons respectively. Also, in 2018 LST shifted its concentration to north-eastern and south-eastern segments of the city with a variation of 21.6°C and 35.31°C having population of 3,095,342 persons expected to experience heat related ailments such as heat stroke. The city has compromised the standard human comfort threshold of 27°C. It is recommended that there should be immediate urban greening of tree planting, de-congestion of development activities from the eastern segment of Port Harcourt city to the western segment as well as practical implementation of urban management plan without further delay.
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Nwaerema Peace

Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Temi Emmanuel Ologunorisa

Department of Meteorology and Climate Science, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
Moses Okemini Nwagbara

Department of Soil Science and Meteorology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umuahia, Nigeria
Ojeh Nduka Vincent

Department of Geography, Taraba State University, Jalingo, Nigeria

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Nwaerema Peace, Temi Emmanuel Ologunorisa, Moses Okemini Nwagbara, Ojeh Nduka Vincent. (2019). Geo-Spatial Dynamics of Land Surface Temperature of Port Harcourt Metropolis and Environs: Implication for Heat Disaster Management. Earth Sciences, 8(3), 169-177. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20190803.15

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ACS Style

Nwaerema Peace; Temi Emmanuel Ologunorisa; Moses Okemini Nwagbara; Ojeh Nduka Vincent. Geo-Spatial Dynamics of Land Surface Temperature of Port Harcourt Metropolis and Environs: Implication for Heat Disaster Management. Earth Sci. 2019, 8(3), 169-177. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20190803.15

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AMA Style

Nwaerema Peace, Temi Emmanuel Ologunorisa, Moses Okemini Nwagbara, Ojeh Nduka Vincent. Geo-Spatial Dynamics of Land Surface Temperature of Port Harcourt Metropolis and Environs: Implication for Heat Disaster Management. Earth Sci. 2019;8(3):169-177. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20190803.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.earth.20190803.15,
  author = {Nwaerema Peace and Temi Emmanuel Ologunorisa and Moses Okemini Nwagbara and Ojeh Nduka Vincent},
  title = {Geo-Spatial Dynamics of Land Surface Temperature of Port Harcourt Metropolis and Environs: Implication for Heat Disaster Management},
  journal = {Earth Sciences},
  volume = {8},
  number = {3},
  pages = {169-177},
  doi = {10.11648/j.earth.20190803.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20190803.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.earth.20190803.15},
  abstract = {Since 1986, the rate of expansion of population and urban pavement materials in Port Harcourt metropolis and environs has generated enormous heat capable of causing disaster. This paper examines geo-spatial dynamics of Land Surface Temperature (LST) of Port Harcourt metropolis and environs from 1986 to 2018 using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) approach. To achieve this purpose, satellite data were retrieved and analyzed using the algorithm for extracting LST from Landsat 5, 7 and 8 thermal infrared sensor sources from the Google Earth Engine (GEE). The results indicate that in 1986, LST concentrated on the south-western (Bakana) and north-eastern (Oyigbo) sections of the city with temperature range of 19.27°C and 30.17°C having population of 757,022 persons. In 2003, LST concentrated on the city centre, south-western (Bakana) and north-western (Rumuekeni) segments with temperature range of 16.14°C and 34.19°C having population of 1,143,103 persons respectively. Also, in 2018 LST shifted its concentration to north-eastern and south-eastern segments of the city with a variation of 21.6°C and 35.31°C having population of 3,095,342 persons expected to experience heat related ailments such as heat stroke. The city has compromised the standard human comfort threshold of 27°C. It is recommended that there should be immediate urban greening of tree planting, de-congestion of development activities from the eastern segment of Port Harcourt city to the western segment as well as practical implementation of urban management plan without further delay.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Geo-Spatial Dynamics of Land Surface Temperature of Port Harcourt Metropolis and Environs: Implication for Heat Disaster Management
AU  - Nwaerema Peace
AU  - Temi Emmanuel Ologunorisa
AU  - Moses Okemini Nwagbara
AU  - Ojeh Nduka Vincent
Y1  - 2019/06/26
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20190803.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.earth.20190803.15
T2  - Earth Sciences
JF  - Earth Sciences
JO  - Earth Sciences
SP  - 169
EP  - 177
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5982
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20190803.15
AB  - Since 1986, the rate of expansion of population and urban pavement materials in Port Harcourt metropolis and environs has generated enormous heat capable of causing disaster. This paper examines geo-spatial dynamics of Land Surface Temperature (LST) of Port Harcourt metropolis and environs from 1986 to 2018 using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) approach. To achieve this purpose, satellite data were retrieved and analyzed using the algorithm for extracting LST from Landsat 5, 7 and 8 thermal infrared sensor sources from the Google Earth Engine (GEE). The results indicate that in 1986, LST concentrated on the south-western (Bakana) and north-eastern (Oyigbo) sections of the city with temperature range of 19.27°C and 30.17°C having population of 757,022 persons. In 2003, LST concentrated on the city centre, south-western (Bakana) and north-western (Rumuekeni) segments with temperature range of 16.14°C and 34.19°C having population of 1,143,103 persons respectively. Also, in 2018 LST shifted its concentration to north-eastern and south-eastern segments of the city with a variation of 21.6°C and 35.31°C having population of 3,095,342 persons expected to experience heat related ailments such as heat stroke. The city has compromised the standard human comfort threshold of 27°C. It is recommended that there should be immediate urban greening of tree planting, de-congestion of development activities from the eastern segment of Port Harcourt city to the western segment as well as practical implementation of urban management plan without further delay.
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
ER  -

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