Assessment of Heavy Metal Contents and Pollution Risk in Reclaimed Soils of a Bauxite Mine

Nie Xingshan

doi:doi:10.11648/j.earth.20180706.17

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Assessment of Heavy Metal Contents and Pollution Risk in Reclaimed Soils of a Bauxite Mine

Nie Xingshan

Published in Earth Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 6)

Received: 19 September 2018 Accepted: 4 December 2018 Published: 28 December 2018

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Abstract

A study on the contents and pollution state of heavy metals in the soils at the Xiaoyi Bauxite Mine in Shanxi, China was conducted to provide a scientific basis for understanding and evaluating the risks of heavy metal pollution in reclaimed soils in mining areas. The contents of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, As, and Ni were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and evaluated with respect to the changes in their characteristics over different reclamation years. Using a single factor index and the Nemerow Pollution Index, the potential degree and risk of pollution were assessed. The mean concentration of Cd was 5.19 mg/kg, which exceeds the 0.3 mg/kg national standard in China by 17 times, while the concentrations of other elements did not exceed the national standard and there was no apparent pollution risk. With the extension of the reclamation time, the contents of Cd increased in the 0–15-cm layer and decreased in the 15–30-cm layer. Cadmium possessed the highest single pollution index, and exceeded the severe pollution level (Level 5), while the other five elements were at safe levels (i.e., lower than Level 1). The Nemerow Pollution Index ranged from 12.08–13.14, with an average of 12.43, and exceeded Level 5 pollution by 3–4 times, indicating a severe level of pollution. The soil being used to reclaim the mine was the main source of pollution, with the contents of six heavy metal elements exceeding the national standards. The soils in the reclamation area contain Cd pollution from the resource soil, manure, and dust. Therefore, for mine reclamation, the quality of the soil being used to reclaim the land should been stringently control.

Published in	Earth Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.earth.20180706.17
Page(s)	294-300
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Reclamation, Cd, Heavy Metal, Single Factor Index, Nemerow Pollution Index

References

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APA Style

Nie Xingshan. (2018). Assessment of Heavy Metal Contents and Pollution Risk in Reclaimed Soils of a Bauxite Mine. Earth Sciences, 7(6), 294-300. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180706.17

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ACS Style

Nie Xingshan. Assessment of Heavy Metal Contents and Pollution Risk in Reclaimed Soils of a Bauxite Mine. Earth Sci. 2018, 7(6), 294-300. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20180706.17

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AMA Style

Nie Xingshan. Assessment of Heavy Metal Contents and Pollution Risk in Reclaimed Soils of a Bauxite Mine. Earth Sci. 2018;7(6):294-300. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20180706.17

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@article{10.11648/j.earth.20180706.17,
  author = {Nie Xingshan},
  title = {Assessment of Heavy Metal Contents and Pollution Risk in Reclaimed Soils of a Bauxite Mine},
  journal = {Earth Sciences},
  volume = {7},
  number = {6},
  pages = {294-300},
  doi = {10.11648/j.earth.20180706.17},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180706.17},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.earth.20180706.17},
  abstract = {A study on the contents and pollution state of heavy metals in the soils at the Xiaoyi Bauxite Mine in Shanxi, China was conducted to provide a scientific basis for understanding and evaluating the risks of heavy metal pollution in reclaimed soils in mining areas. The contents of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, As, and Ni were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and evaluated with respect to the changes in their characteristics over different reclamation years. Using a single factor index and the Nemerow Pollution Index, the potential degree and risk of pollution were assessed. The mean concentration of Cd was 5.19 mg/kg, which exceeds the 0.3 mg/kg national standard in China by 17 times, while the concentrations of other elements did not exceed the national standard and there was no apparent pollution risk. With the extension of the reclamation time, the contents of Cd increased in the 0–15-cm layer and decreased in the 15–30-cm layer. Cadmium possessed the highest single pollution index, and exceeded the severe pollution level (Level 5), while the other five elements were at safe levels (i.e., lower than Level 1). The Nemerow Pollution Index ranged from 12.08–13.14, with an average of 12.43, and exceeded Level 5 pollution by 3–4 times, indicating a severe level of pollution. The soil being used to reclaim the mine was the main source of pollution, with the contents of six heavy metal elements exceeding the national standards. The soils in the reclamation area contain Cd pollution from the resource soil, manure, and dust. Therefore, for mine reclamation, the quality of the soil being used to reclaim the land should been stringently control.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessment of Heavy Metal Contents and Pollution Risk in Reclaimed Soils of a Bauxite Mine
AU  - Nie Xingshan
Y1  - 2018/12/28
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180706.17
DO  - 10.11648/j.earth.20180706.17
T2  - Earth Sciences
JF  - Earth Sciences
JO  - Earth Sciences
SP  - 294
EP  - 300
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5982
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180706.17
AB  - A study on the contents and pollution state of heavy metals in the soils at the Xiaoyi Bauxite Mine in Shanxi, China was conducted to provide a scientific basis for understanding and evaluating the risks of heavy metal pollution in reclaimed soils in mining areas. The contents of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, As, and Ni were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and evaluated with respect to the changes in their characteristics over different reclamation years. Using a single factor index and the Nemerow Pollution Index, the potential degree and risk of pollution were assessed. The mean concentration of Cd was 5.19 mg/kg, which exceeds the 0.3 mg/kg national standard in China by 17 times, while the concentrations of other elements did not exceed the national standard and there was no apparent pollution risk. With the extension of the reclamation time, the contents of Cd increased in the 0–15-cm layer and decreased in the 15–30-cm layer. Cadmium possessed the highest single pollution index, and exceeded the severe pollution level (Level 5), while the other five elements were at safe levels (i.e., lower than Level 1). The Nemerow Pollution Index ranged from 12.08–13.14, with an average of 12.43, and exceeded Level 5 pollution by 3–4 times, indicating a severe level of pollution. The soil being used to reclaim the mine was the main source of pollution, with the contents of six heavy metal elements exceeding the national standards. The soils in the reclamation area contain Cd pollution from the resource soil, manure, and dust. Therefore, for mine reclamation, the quality of the soil being used to reclaim the land should been stringently control.
VL  - 7
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Nie Xingshan

Institute of Shanxi Soil and Water Conservation, Taiyuan, China

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APA Style

Nie Xingshan. (2018). Assessment of Heavy Metal Contents and Pollution Risk in Reclaimed Soils of a Bauxite Mine. Earth Sciences, 7(6), 294-300. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180706.17

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ACS Style

Nie Xingshan. Assessment of Heavy Metal Contents and Pollution Risk in Reclaimed Soils of a Bauxite Mine. Earth Sci. 2018, 7(6), 294-300. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20180706.17

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AMA Style

Nie Xingshan. Assessment of Heavy Metal Contents and Pollution Risk in Reclaimed Soils of a Bauxite Mine. Earth Sci. 2018;7(6):294-300. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20180706.17

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.earth.20180706.17,
  author = {Nie Xingshan},
  title = {Assessment of Heavy Metal Contents and Pollution Risk in Reclaimed Soils of a Bauxite Mine},
  journal = {Earth Sciences},
  volume = {7},
  number = {6},
  pages = {294-300},
  doi = {10.11648/j.earth.20180706.17},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180706.17},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.earth.20180706.17},
  abstract = {A study on the contents and pollution state of heavy metals in the soils at the Xiaoyi Bauxite Mine in Shanxi, China was conducted to provide a scientific basis for understanding and evaluating the risks of heavy metal pollution in reclaimed soils in mining areas. The contents of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, As, and Ni were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and evaluated with respect to the changes in their characteristics over different reclamation years. Using a single factor index and the Nemerow Pollution Index, the potential degree and risk of pollution were assessed. The mean concentration of Cd was 5.19 mg/kg, which exceeds the 0.3 mg/kg national standard in China by 17 times, while the concentrations of other elements did not exceed the national standard and there was no apparent pollution risk. With the extension of the reclamation time, the contents of Cd increased in the 0–15-cm layer and decreased in the 15–30-cm layer. Cadmium possessed the highest single pollution index, and exceeded the severe pollution level (Level 5), while the other five elements were at safe levels (i.e., lower than Level 1). The Nemerow Pollution Index ranged from 12.08–13.14, with an average of 12.43, and exceeded Level 5 pollution by 3–4 times, indicating a severe level of pollution. The soil being used to reclaim the mine was the main source of pollution, with the contents of six heavy metal elements exceeding the national standards. The soils in the reclamation area contain Cd pollution from the resource soil, manure, and dust. Therefore, for mine reclamation, the quality of the soil being used to reclaim the land should been stringently control.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessment of Heavy Metal Contents and Pollution Risk in Reclaimed Soils of a Bauxite Mine
AU  - Nie Xingshan
Y1  - 2018/12/28
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180706.17
DO  - 10.11648/j.earth.20180706.17
T2  - Earth Sciences
JF  - Earth Sciences
JO  - Earth Sciences
SP  - 294
EP  - 300
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5982
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20180706.17
AB  - A study on the contents and pollution state of heavy metals in the soils at the Xiaoyi Bauxite Mine in Shanxi, China was conducted to provide a scientific basis for understanding and evaluating the risks of heavy metal pollution in reclaimed soils in mining areas. The contents of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, As, and Ni were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and evaluated with respect to the changes in their characteristics over different reclamation years. Using a single factor index and the Nemerow Pollution Index, the potential degree and risk of pollution were assessed. The mean concentration of Cd was 5.19 mg/kg, which exceeds the 0.3 mg/kg national standard in China by 17 times, while the concentrations of other elements did not exceed the national standard and there was no apparent pollution risk. With the extension of the reclamation time, the contents of Cd increased in the 0–15-cm layer and decreased in the 15–30-cm layer. Cadmium possessed the highest single pollution index, and exceeded the severe pollution level (Level 5), while the other five elements were at safe levels (i.e., lower than Level 1). The Nemerow Pollution Index ranged from 12.08–13.14, with an average of 12.43, and exceeded Level 5 pollution by 3–4 times, indicating a severe level of pollution. The soil being used to reclaim the mine was the main source of pollution, with the contents of six heavy metal elements exceeding the national standards. The soils in the reclamation area contain Cd pollution from the resource soil, manure, and dust. Therefore, for mine reclamation, the quality of the soil being used to reclaim the land should been stringently control.
VL  - 7
IS  - 6
ER  -

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