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Helioclimatology of the Alps and the Tibetan Plateau

Received: 1 February 2016     Accepted: 21 March 2016     Published: 20 April 2016
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Abstract

There is broad agreement that the energy from the Sun is very important to the Earth. Global atmospheric circulation is also strongly affected by the amount of solar radiation received at Earth. That amount changes based on the Earth’s albedo, that is how much radiation is reflected back from the Earth’s surface and clouds. The amount of radiation given off by the Sun is changing with solar activity like sunspots and total solar irradiance. A reconstruction of total solar irradiance since 1610 to the present estimated by various authors an increase in the total solar irradiance since the Maunder Minimum of about 1.3 W/m2. This is a huge amount of energy, taking into account the Earth’s total land mass - 510.072 million sq kms. During this period, an increase in temperature in the Northern Hemisphere was observed. This paper examines air temperature variation and an associated phenomenon of its relationships to solar activity indices. The purpose of this study is to identify contribution of the Sun on climate variability in two mountainous regions of the Earth: the Alps and the Tibetan Plateau. Methodology applied in this study is based on calibration of the smoothed International Sunspot Number (SSN) and air temperature for the same solar cycles over a period of many years.

Published in Earth Sciences (Volume 5, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.earth.20160502.11
Page(s) 19-25
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Climate Variability, Solar Activity, Sunspots, Air Temperature

References
[1] Dahe Q., Shiyin L., Peiji L., (2006). Snow Cover Distribution, Variability, and Response to Climate Change in Western China. J. Climate, pp. 1820–1833.
[2] HISTALP, (2013). Historical Instrumental Climatological Surface Time Series Of The Greater Alpine Region, 2013. http://www.zamg.ac.at/histalp/index.php.
[3] D. W. Hoyt, K. H. Schatten, (1997). "The role of the sun in climate change" Oxford University Press, Oxford UK, 279 pp.
[4] M. Kuhle, (1988). The Pleistocene Glaciation of Tibet and the Onset of Ice Ages- An Autocycle Hypothesis. Geo Journal 17 (4, Tibet and High-Asia. Results of the Sino-German Joint Expeditions I), pp 581-596.
[5] Marty, C., & Philipona, R., (2001). Surface radiation budget and cloud forcing over the Alps.: Current Problems in Atmospheric Radiation, IRS 2000. pp. 688-691.
[6] B. Nurtaev. Influence of climate variability on large rivers runoff, (2015). Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences, 371: 211-214.
[7] NASA, GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP), (2013). http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/
[8] N. A. Krivova, L. Balmaceda, S. K. Solanki (2007). Reconstruction of solar total irradiance since 1700 from the surface magnetic flux. A&A. 467, pp. 335–346.
[9] F. W. Taylor, (2005). Elementary Climate Physics, Oxford University Press, 232pp.
[10] E. Shermatov, B Nurtayev, U. Muhamedgalieva, U. Shermatov, (2004). Analysis of water resources variability of the Caspian and the Aral Sea basins on the basis of solar activity. Journal of Marine Systems 47, pp. 137-142.
[11] K. S. Valdiya. Rising Himalaya, (1999), Advent and intensification of monsoon. Current science. Vol. 76, pp 514-524.
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  • APA Style

    Bakhram Nurtaev. (2016). Helioclimatology of the Alps and the Tibetan Plateau. Earth Sciences, 5(2), 19-25. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20160502.11

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    ACS Style

    Bakhram Nurtaev. Helioclimatology of the Alps and the Tibetan Plateau. Earth Sci. 2016, 5(2), 19-25. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20160502.11

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    AMA Style

    Bakhram Nurtaev. Helioclimatology of the Alps and the Tibetan Plateau. Earth Sci. 2016;5(2):19-25. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20160502.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.earth.20160502.11,
      author = {Bakhram Nurtaev},
      title = {Helioclimatology of the Alps and the Tibetan Plateau},
      journal = {Earth Sciences},
      volume = {5},
      number = {2},
      pages = {19-25},
      doi = {10.11648/j.earth.20160502.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20160502.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.earth.20160502.11},
      abstract = {There is broad agreement that the energy from the Sun is very important to the Earth. Global atmospheric circulation is also strongly affected by the amount of solar radiation received at Earth. That amount changes based on the Earth’s albedo, that is how much radiation is reflected back from the Earth’s surface and clouds. The amount of radiation given off by the Sun is changing with solar activity like sunspots and total solar irradiance. A reconstruction of total solar irradiance since 1610 to the present estimated by various authors an increase in the total solar irradiance since the Maunder Minimum of about 1.3 W/m2. This is a huge amount of energy, taking into account the Earth’s total land mass - 510.072 million sq kms. During this period, an increase in temperature in the Northern Hemisphere was observed. This paper examines air temperature variation and an associated phenomenon of its relationships to solar activity indices. The purpose of this study is to identify contribution of the Sun on climate variability in two mountainous regions of the Earth: the Alps and the Tibetan Plateau. Methodology applied in this study is based on calibration of the smoothed International Sunspot Number (SSN) and air temperature for the same solar cycles over a period of many years.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20160502.11
    AB  - There is broad agreement that the energy from the Sun is very important to the Earth. Global atmospheric circulation is also strongly affected by the amount of solar radiation received at Earth. That amount changes based on the Earth’s albedo, that is how much radiation is reflected back from the Earth’s surface and clouds. The amount of radiation given off by the Sun is changing with solar activity like sunspots and total solar irradiance. A reconstruction of total solar irradiance since 1610 to the present estimated by various authors an increase in the total solar irradiance since the Maunder Minimum of about 1.3 W/m2. This is a huge amount of energy, taking into account the Earth’s total land mass - 510.072 million sq kms. During this period, an increase in temperature in the Northern Hemisphere was observed. This paper examines air temperature variation and an associated phenomenon of its relationships to solar activity indices. The purpose of this study is to identify contribution of the Sun on climate variability in two mountainous regions of the Earth: the Alps and the Tibetan Plateau. Methodology applied in this study is based on calibration of the smoothed International Sunspot Number (SSN) and air temperature for the same solar cycles over a period of many years.
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Author Information
  • Institute of Helioclimatology, Frechen, Germany

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