Evaluation of Viral Migration of Different Variants of Equid Alphaherpesvirus 1 in the Central Nervous System of Hamsters by Immunohistochemistry

Aline Aparecida da Silva; Elenice Maria Sequetin Cunha; Maria do Carmo Custódio de Souza Hunold Lara; Eliana Monteforte Cassaro Villalobos; Alessandra Figueiredo de Castro Nassar; Enio Mori; Carolina Natalia Zanuzzi; Cecília Mónica Galosi; Claudia Del Fava

doi:doi:10.11648/j.avs.20190702.15

Evaluation of Viral Migration of Different Variants of Equid Alphaherpesvirus 1 in the Central Nervous System of Hamsters by Immunohistochemistry

Aline Aparecida da Silva, Elenice Maria Sequetin Cunha, Maria do Carmo Custódio de Souza Hunold Lara, Eliana Monteforte Cassaro Villalobos, Alessandra Figueiredo de Castro Nassar, Enio Mori, Carolina Natalia Zanuzzi, Cecília Mónica Galosi, Claudia Del Fava

Published in Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 2)

Received: 12 March 2019 Accepted: 12 April 2019 Published: 13 June 2019

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Abstract

The intranasal inoculation of equid alphaherpesvirus1 (EHV-1) Brazilian variants A4/72, A9/92, A3/97, Iso72/10 and the Argentine variant AR4 in a Syrian hamster model Mesocricetus auratus induced severe encephalitis. Clinical signs included weight loss, lethargy, somnolence, anorexia, and intense salivation two days post-inoculation (dpi), followed by neurological signs such as loss of proprioception, walking in circles, spastic paralysis, seizures, recumbency and death at 3^rd dpi (A9/92 and A4/72 variants) and 4^th dpi. Respiratory signs such as dyspnea and serosanguinous nasal discharge were also observed. Histopathological changes in brain included mixed inflammatory infiltrate with predominance of mononuclear cells, neuronal degeneration, liquefactive necrosis, hemorrhagic foci, leptomeningitis, perivascular edema, mononuclear infiltration, and perivascular cuffing. Immunohistochemical examination showed viral replication in neurons restrict predominantly to olfactory bulb and frontal cortex (variants AR4 and A3/97) and in groups of cells from distant regions, such as the caudal diencephalon and rostral mesencephalon (variants Iso72/10) and absence of viral antigen labeling of variants A9/92 and A4/72 despite these variants were the most neurovirulent, so new experiments not staggered in days but in hours post inoculation are needed to better understand the viral migration of these variants.

Published in	Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.avs.20190702.15
Page(s)	59-68
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

EHV-1, Neurovirulence, Neuropathogenicity, Immunohistochemistry, Myeloencephalopathy

References

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Aline Aparecida da Silva, Elenice Maria Sequetin Cunha, Maria do Carmo Custódio de Souza Hunold Lara, Eliana Monteforte Cassaro Villalobos, Alessandra Figueiredo de Castro Nassar, et al. (2019). Evaluation of Viral Migration of Different Variants of Equid Alphaherpesvirus 1 in the Central Nervous System of Hamsters by Immunohistochemistry. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 7(2), 59-68. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20190702.15

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Aline Aparecida da Silva; Elenice Maria Sequetin Cunha; Maria do Carmo Custódio de Souza Hunold Lara; Eliana Monteforte Cassaro Villalobos; Alessandra Figueiredo de Castro Nassar, et al. Evaluation of Viral Migration of Different Variants of Equid Alphaherpesvirus 1 in the Central Nervous System of Hamsters by Immunohistochemistry. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2019, 7(2), 59-68. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20190702.15

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Aline Aparecida da Silva, Elenice Maria Sequetin Cunha, Maria do Carmo Custódio de Souza Hunold Lara, Eliana Monteforte Cassaro Villalobos, Alessandra Figueiredo de Castro Nassar, et al. Evaluation of Viral Migration of Different Variants of Equid Alphaherpesvirus 1 in the Central Nervous System of Hamsters by Immunohistochemistry. Anim Vet Sci. 2019;7(2):59-68. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20190702.15

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@article{10.11648/j.avs.20190702.15,
  author = {Aline Aparecida da Silva and Elenice Maria Sequetin Cunha and Maria do Carmo Custódio de Souza Hunold Lara and Eliana Monteforte Cassaro Villalobos and Alessandra Figueiredo de Castro Nassar and Enio Mori and Carolina Natalia Zanuzzi and Cecília Mónica Galosi and Claudia Del Fava},
  title = {Evaluation of Viral Migration of Different Variants of Equid Alphaherpesvirus 1 in the Central Nervous System of Hamsters by Immunohistochemistry},
  journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
  volume = {7},
  number = {2},
  pages = {59-68},
  doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20190702.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20190702.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20190702.15},
  abstract = {The intranasal inoculation of equid alphaherpesvirus1 (EHV-1) Brazilian variants A4/72, A9/92, A3/97, Iso72/10 and the Argentine variant AR4 in a Syrian hamster model Mesocricetus auratus induced severe encephalitis. Clinical signs included weight loss, lethargy, somnolence, anorexia, and intense salivation two days post-inoculation (dpi), followed by neurological signs such as loss of proprioception, walking in circles, spastic paralysis, seizures, recumbency and death at 3rd dpi (A9/92 and A4/72 variants) and 4th dpi. Respiratory signs such as dyspnea and serosanguinous nasal discharge were also observed. Histopathological changes in brain included mixed inflammatory infiltrate with predominance of mononuclear cells, neuronal degeneration, liquefactive necrosis, hemorrhagic foci, leptomeningitis, perivascular edema, mononuclear infiltration, and perivascular cuffing. Immunohistochemical examination showed viral replication in neurons restrict predominantly to olfactory bulb and frontal cortex (variants AR4 and A3/97) and in groups of cells from distant regions, such as the caudal diencephalon and rostral mesencephalon (variants Iso72/10) and absence of viral antigen labeling of variants A9/92 and A4/72 despite these variants were the most neurovirulent, so new experiments not staggered in days but in hours post inoculation are needed to better understand the viral migration of these variants.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Viral Migration of Different Variants of Equid Alphaherpesvirus 1 in the Central Nervous System of Hamsters by Immunohistochemistry
AU  - Aline Aparecida da Silva
AU  - Elenice Maria Sequetin Cunha
AU  - Maria do Carmo Custódio de Souza Hunold Lara
AU  - Eliana Monteforte Cassaro Villalobos
AU  - Alessandra Figueiredo de Castro Nassar
AU  - Enio Mori
AU  - Carolina Natalia Zanuzzi
AU  - Cecília Mónica Galosi
AU  - Claudia Del Fava
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N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20190702.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.avs.20190702.15
T2  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
SP  - 59
EP  - 68
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5850
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20190702.15
AB  - The intranasal inoculation of equid alphaherpesvirus1 (EHV-1) Brazilian variants A4/72, A9/92, A3/97, Iso72/10 and the Argentine variant AR4 in a Syrian hamster model Mesocricetus auratus induced severe encephalitis. Clinical signs included weight loss, lethargy, somnolence, anorexia, and intense salivation two days post-inoculation (dpi), followed by neurological signs such as loss of proprioception, walking in circles, spastic paralysis, seizures, recumbency and death at 3rd dpi (A9/92 and A4/72 variants) and 4th dpi. Respiratory signs such as dyspnea and serosanguinous nasal discharge were also observed. Histopathological changes in brain included mixed inflammatory infiltrate with predominance of mononuclear cells, neuronal degeneration, liquefactive necrosis, hemorrhagic foci, leptomeningitis, perivascular edema, mononuclear infiltration, and perivascular cuffing. Immunohistochemical examination showed viral replication in neurons restrict predominantly to olfactory bulb and frontal cortex (variants AR4 and A3/97) and in groups of cells from distant regions, such as the caudal diencephalon and rostral mesencephalon (variants Iso72/10) and absence of viral antigen labeling of variants A9/92 and A4/72 despite these variants were the most neurovirulent, so new experiments not staggered in days but in hours post inoculation are needed to better understand the viral migration of these variants.
VL  - 7
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Author Information

Aline Aparecida da Silva

Biological Institute, Avenida Conselheiro Rodrigues Alves, S?o Paulo/SP, Brasil
Elenice Maria Sequetin Cunha

Biological Institute, Avenida Conselheiro Rodrigues Alves, S?o Paulo/SP, Brasil
Maria do Carmo Custódio de Souza Hunold Lara

Biological Institute, Avenida Conselheiro Rodrigues Alves, S?o Paulo/SP, Brasil
Eliana Monteforte Cassaro Villalobos

Biological Institute, Avenida Conselheiro Rodrigues Alves, S?o Paulo/SP, Brasil
Alessandra Figueiredo de Castro Nassar

Biological Institute, Avenida Conselheiro Rodrigues Alves, S?o Paulo/SP, Brasil
Enio Mori

Pasteur Institute, Avenida Paulista, S?o Paulo/SP, Brasil
Carolina Natalia Zanuzzi

Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Cecília Mónica Galosi

Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Claudia Del Fava

Biological Institute, Avenida Conselheiro Rodrigues Alves, S?o Paulo/SP, Brasil

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Aline Aparecida da Silva, Elenice Maria Sequetin Cunha, Maria do Carmo Custódio de Souza Hunold Lara, Eliana Monteforte Cassaro Villalobos, Alessandra Figueiredo de Castro Nassar, et al. (2019). Evaluation of Viral Migration of Different Variants of Equid Alphaherpesvirus 1 in the Central Nervous System of Hamsters by Immunohistochemistry. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 7(2), 59-68. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20190702.15

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ACS Style

Aline Aparecida da Silva; Elenice Maria Sequetin Cunha; Maria do Carmo Custódio de Souza Hunold Lara; Eliana Monteforte Cassaro Villalobos; Alessandra Figueiredo de Castro Nassar, et al. Evaluation of Viral Migration of Different Variants of Equid Alphaherpesvirus 1 in the Central Nervous System of Hamsters by Immunohistochemistry. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2019, 7(2), 59-68. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20190702.15

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AMA Style

Aline Aparecida da Silva, Elenice Maria Sequetin Cunha, Maria do Carmo Custódio de Souza Hunold Lara, Eliana Monteforte Cassaro Villalobos, Alessandra Figueiredo de Castro Nassar, et al. Evaluation of Viral Migration of Different Variants of Equid Alphaherpesvirus 1 in the Central Nervous System of Hamsters by Immunohistochemistry. Anim Vet Sci. 2019;7(2):59-68. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20190702.15

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@article{10.11648/j.avs.20190702.15,
  author = {Aline Aparecida da Silva and Elenice Maria Sequetin Cunha and Maria do Carmo Custódio de Souza Hunold Lara and Eliana Monteforte Cassaro Villalobos and Alessandra Figueiredo de Castro Nassar and Enio Mori and Carolina Natalia Zanuzzi and Cecília Mónica Galosi and Claudia Del Fava},
  title = {Evaluation of Viral Migration of Different Variants of Equid Alphaherpesvirus 1 in the Central Nervous System of Hamsters by Immunohistochemistry},
  journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
  volume = {7},
  number = {2},
  pages = {59-68},
  doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20190702.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20190702.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20190702.15},
  abstract = {The intranasal inoculation of equid alphaherpesvirus1 (EHV-1) Brazilian variants A4/72, A9/92, A3/97, Iso72/10 and the Argentine variant AR4 in a Syrian hamster model Mesocricetus auratus induced severe encephalitis. Clinical signs included weight loss, lethargy, somnolence, anorexia, and intense salivation two days post-inoculation (dpi), followed by neurological signs such as loss of proprioception, walking in circles, spastic paralysis, seizures, recumbency and death at 3rd dpi (A9/92 and A4/72 variants) and 4th dpi. Respiratory signs such as dyspnea and serosanguinous nasal discharge were also observed. Histopathological changes in brain included mixed inflammatory infiltrate with predominance of mononuclear cells, neuronal degeneration, liquefactive necrosis, hemorrhagic foci, leptomeningitis, perivascular edema, mononuclear infiltration, and perivascular cuffing. Immunohistochemical examination showed viral replication in neurons restrict predominantly to olfactory bulb and frontal cortex (variants AR4 and A3/97) and in groups of cells from distant regions, such as the caudal diencephalon and rostral mesencephalon (variants Iso72/10) and absence of viral antigen labeling of variants A9/92 and A4/72 despite these variants were the most neurovirulent, so new experiments not staggered in days but in hours post inoculation are needed to better understand the viral migration of these variants.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Viral Migration of Different Variants of Equid Alphaherpesvirus 1 in the Central Nervous System of Hamsters by Immunohistochemistry
AU  - Aline Aparecida da Silva
AU  - Elenice Maria Sequetin Cunha
AU  - Maria do Carmo Custódio de Souza Hunold Lara
AU  - Eliana Monteforte Cassaro Villalobos
AU  - Alessandra Figueiredo de Castro Nassar
AU  - Enio Mori
AU  - Carolina Natalia Zanuzzi
AU  - Cecília Mónica Galosi
AU  - Claudia Del Fava
Y1  - 2019/06/13
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20190702.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.avs.20190702.15
T2  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
SP  - 59
EP  - 68
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5850
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20190702.15
AB  - The intranasal inoculation of equid alphaherpesvirus1 (EHV-1) Brazilian variants A4/72, A9/92, A3/97, Iso72/10 and the Argentine variant AR4 in a Syrian hamster model Mesocricetus auratus induced severe encephalitis. Clinical signs included weight loss, lethargy, somnolence, anorexia, and intense salivation two days post-inoculation (dpi), followed by neurological signs such as loss of proprioception, walking in circles, spastic paralysis, seizures, recumbency and death at 3rd dpi (A9/92 and A4/72 variants) and 4th dpi. Respiratory signs such as dyspnea and serosanguinous nasal discharge were also observed. Histopathological changes in brain included mixed inflammatory infiltrate with predominance of mononuclear cells, neuronal degeneration, liquefactive necrosis, hemorrhagic foci, leptomeningitis, perivascular edema, mononuclear infiltration, and perivascular cuffing. Immunohistochemical examination showed viral replication in neurons restrict predominantly to olfactory bulb and frontal cortex (variants AR4 and A3/97) and in groups of cells from distant regions, such as the caudal diencephalon and rostral mesencephalon (variants Iso72/10) and absence of viral antigen labeling of variants A9/92 and A4/72 despite these variants were the most neurovirulent, so new experiments not staggered in days but in hours post inoculation are needed to better understand the viral migration of these variants.
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
ER  -

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