Distribution and Seroprevalence of PPR Virus in Chad During 2004 - 2014

BIDJEH Kebkiba; BAN-BO Bebanto Antipas; MAHAMAT Fayiz Abakar; ASSANDI Oussiguere; ASSANE Kembe; TCHARI Doungous; KEILAR Aurelie; TAÏTOUIN Sounkreo

doi:doi:10.11648/j.avs.20150303.13

Distribution and Seroprevalence of PPR Virus in Chad During 2004 - 2014

BIDJEH Kebkiba, BAN-BO Bebanto Antipas, MAHAMAT Fayiz Abakar, ASSANDI Oussiguere, ASSANE Kembe, TCHARI Doungous, KEILAR Aurelie, TAÏTOUIN Sounkreo

Published in Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 3)

Received: 14 April 2015 Accepted: 5 May 2015 Published: 16 May 2015

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute febrile viral disease of goats and sheep characterized by mucopurulent nasal and ocular discharge, erosive and necrotizing stomatitis, enteritis and pneumonia. It is widespread, virulent and devastating causing significant impacts to the economy, food security and livelihoods of poor marginalized farmers. This study focused on clinical observations of 233 suspected cases of PPR and provided detailed information on the prevalence of antibodies against the PPR virus in sera from 986 small ruminants and 31 from camels. Most of specimens for this study were obtained from the slaughterhouse in N'Djamena. Sera for the detection of antibodies against the PPR virus were not necessarily representative of the target population, even if they were from a larger number of regions. According to information provided by the epidemiological surveillance field agents, the foci of the disease were more severe in goats than in sheep and the outbreaks frequency was higher during the Cold dry season (December to June) than during the other months of the year. Analysis of 1017 sera collected in small ruminants and camels revealed that the prevalence of antibodies against the PPR virus was 34.48%. The prevalence of antibodies against the PPR virus varied by species (goats, 15.21%, sheep, 19.25% and camels, 0%), age groups and geographic areas. The rate of infection by the PPR virus was higher in the sheep population (34. 67%) than in goats (27.37%). The study showed seroprevalence higher in sheep than in goats. In contrast, no serum from camels revealed positive vis-à-vis the PPR virus. Another serological survey would need to be undertaken in the population of camels in order to clarify their role in the epidemiology of PPR.

Published in	Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.avs.20150303.13
Page(s)	89-93
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

PPR, Virus, Serum, Sheep, Goats, Camels, Chad

References

[1]	G. Abraham, A. Sintayehu, G. Libeau, E. Albina, F. Roger, Y. Laekemariam, D. Abaynech, K.M. Awoke, Antibody Against seroprevalence PPR virus in camels, cattle, goats and sheep in Ethiopia, Preventive veterinary medicine, 2005 (70), pp. 51-57.
[2]	K. Bidjeh and M. Ouagal, Case PPR reported in several monitoring stations both in the Sahelian zone as Sudan, REPIMAT Bulletin, 1998 (7), pp.3.
[3]	K.Bidjeh, P. Bornarel, M. Imadine and R. Lancelot, First isolation in Chad virus PPR. Rev. Elev. Med. Vet. Pays Trop., 1995, vol.48 (4), pp.295-300.
[4]	Ban- bo Bebanto Antipas, Mian-Oudanang Koussou, Mopate Logténé Youssouf, Nakour Nargaye and Brahim Guihini. Knowledge of animal diseases and control methods at the Grand Kanem in Chad. Journal of Research in Biology, 2014, vol.4 (5), pp. 1387-1396
[5]	C. Chauhan, Hemendra Singh Kher , K.R. Kaushal, Epidemiology of PPR in sheep and goats by serological, molecular and isolation methods in Gujarat, India, Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2014, vol.2 4 (1), pp. 92-198.
[6]	L. Gargadennec and A Lalanne, La peste des petits ruminants. Bull. Serv. Zoot. Epiz Afr. Occ. Fr., 1942 (5), pp.16-21.
[7]	A. Diallo, T. Barrett, Mr. Barbon, Subbarao SM, W.P. Taylor, Differentiation of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses using cDNA clones Specific. ,J. vir. Methods, 1989 (23), pp. 127-136.
[8]	Veterinary Services Department. Annual Report 2011, pp. 53.
[9]	C.W. Furley, W.P.Taylor and T. U. Obi, An outbreak of PPR in a zoological collection. Vet. Record, 1987 (121), pp.443-447.
[10]	E.P.J. Gibbs, W. P.Taylor, M.J. Lawman, J. Bryant, Classification of PPR virus as the fourth member of the genus Morbillivirus of. Intervirology ,1979 (11), pp.268-274.
[11]	Y.Gilbert , J. Monnier, Adaptation of PPR virus to tissue cultures. Rev. Elev. Med. Vet. pays Tropicaux ,1962 (15), pp. 321-335.
[12]	F.M. Hamdy, S.S. Breese, C.J. Deboer, Immunological relashionship between rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses. Proc. 79 th Meet. US. Anim. Health Assoc., 1976, pp.168-179.
[13]	F.M. Hedjer, I.T.R. Barnett and D.F. Gray, Some virus diseases of domestic animals in the Sultanate of Oman. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 1980 (12), pp.107-114.
[14]	P. Hendrikx, K. Bidjeh, K. Ganda, M. Ouagal, H. Ali,M. Saboun, A. Maho, O.A. Idriss, Epidemiological surveillance network of animal diseases in Chad. Scientific and Technical Review of the OIE ,1997, pp.3-12.
[15]	R. Lancelot, Enquête éco pathologique sur les maladies respiratoires des chèvres au Tchad, de la Recherche au développement. Capricorne , 1993, vol.7, pp.2-3.
[16]	P.C. Lefèvre and A. Diallo. Peste des Petits Ruminants, Scientific and Technical Review of the Office International Des Epizooties, 1990, vol. 9 (4), pp.935- 950.
[17]	A. I. Khalafalla, I .K. Saeed, Y. H. Ali, M.B. Abdurrahman, O. Kwiatek, G. Libeau; Z. Abbas, A.A. Obeida, A outbreak of PPR in camels in the Sudan, Acta Trop., 2010 (116), pp.161-165.
[18]	P. Mornet, J. Orue, Y. G. Gilbert, Thiery, M. Sow, Peste des petits ruminants in French West Africa, its relations with rinderpest. Rev. Elev. Med. Vet. Pays Trop., 1956, (9) pp.313 - 342.
[19]	B. Megersa and D.Biffa et al., Epidemic characterization and modeling within herd transmission dynamics of an emery Transboundary camel disease epidemic in Ethiopia, Tropical animal health and production, 2012, (44) pp. 1643-1651.
[20]	F. Njeumi, Current scenario and control initiatives for PPR at global, regional and Countries levels according to the risk factor and socioeconomic impact. In: proceedings of the second regional conference on progressive control of PPR in south Asia, Khathamandu, Nepal, 19- 20 December 2013.
[21]	A. Ozkul, Y. Akca, F. Alkan, T. Barrett, T. Karaoglu, S.B. Gagalp, J. Anderson, K. Yesilbag, C. Cokcaliskan, A. Gencay, Prevalence, distribution and host range of PPR virus, Turkey. Emerg. Infect. Dis., 2002(8), pp.708-712.
[22]	A. Provost and Joubert, Peste des petits ruminants. Annual report laboratory Farcha, 1973, pp.106- 108.
[23]	Y. Maurice, A. Provost and Y. C. Bourdin, PPR does exist in Central Africa ? In proceedings 40th General Conference of the Committee of the OIE report, 1972, (202), pp.9.
[24]	F. Roger, A. Diallo, L. Yiggezu, M. C. Hurrard, G. Libeau, G. Y. Mebratu and B. Faye, Investigation of a new pathological conditions of camels in Ethiopia, Camel J. Pract. Res., 2000 (2), pp.163-166.
[25]	M.S. Shaila, V. Purushothaman et al., PPR of sheep in India. Veterinary Record, 1989 (125) pp.602.
[26]	R.K .Singh, V. Balamurugan et al., Possible control of PPR in India, Technical aspects, Vet Ital., 2009(45), pp. 449-462.
[27]	W.P. Taylor, The distribution and Epidemiology of PPR: In Proceeding of 4 th International Conference of Institutions for Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Orlando Florida May 9-13, 1983.
[28]	P. Wohlsein and J. Saliki, Rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants virus: Plague of wide and small ruminants : Biology of animal infections, Academic Press: London, UK, 2006, pp.69-85.
[29]	L.O. Wosu, I. Okiri and P. A. Enwezor, Optimal time for vaccination Against PPR in goats in the humid tropical region in southern Nigeria: In proceedings of the first biennial conference of the African small ruminant research network. AICC, Arusha, Tanzania, 1990.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

BIDJEH Kebkiba, BAN-BO Bebanto Antipas, MAHAMAT Fayiz Abakar, ASSANDI Oussiguere, ASSANE Kembe, et al. (2015). Distribution and Seroprevalence of PPR Virus in Chad During 2004 - 2014. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 3(3), 89-93. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20150303.13

Copy | Download

ACS Style

BIDJEH Kebkiba; BAN-BO Bebanto Antipas; MAHAMAT Fayiz Abakar; ASSANDI Oussiguere; ASSANE Kembe, et al. Distribution and Seroprevalence of PPR Virus in Chad During 2004 - 2014. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2015, 3(3), 89-93. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20150303.13

Copy | Download

AMA Style

BIDJEH Kebkiba, BAN-BO Bebanto Antipas, MAHAMAT Fayiz Abakar, ASSANDI Oussiguere, ASSANE Kembe, et al. Distribution and Seroprevalence of PPR Virus in Chad During 2004 - 2014. Anim Vet Sci. 2015;3(3):89-93. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20150303.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.avs.20150303.13,
  author = {BIDJEH Kebkiba and BAN-BO Bebanto Antipas and MAHAMAT Fayiz Abakar and ASSANDI Oussiguere and ASSANE Kembe and TCHARI Doungous and KEILAR Aurelie and TAÏTOUIN Sounkreo},
  title = {Distribution and Seroprevalence of PPR Virus in Chad During 2004 - 2014},
  journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3},
  pages = {89-93},
  doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20150303.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20150303.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20150303.13},
  abstract = {Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute febrile viral disease of goats and sheep characterized by mucopurulent nasal and ocular discharge, erosive and necrotizing stomatitis, enteritis and pneumonia. It is widespread, virulent and devastating causing significant impacts to the economy, food security and livelihoods of poor marginalized farmers. This study focused on clinical observations of 233 suspected cases of PPR and provided detailed information on the prevalence of antibodies against the PPR virus in sera from 986 small ruminants and 31 from camels. Most of specimens for this study were obtained from the slaughterhouse in N'Djamena. Sera for the detection of antibodies against the PPR virus were not necessarily representative of the target population, even if they were from a larger number of regions. According to information provided by the epidemiological surveillance field agents, the foci of the disease were more severe in goats than in sheep and the outbreaks frequency was higher during the Cold dry season (December to June) than during the other months of the year. Analysis of 1017 sera collected in small ruminants and camels revealed that the prevalence of antibodies against the PPR virus was 34.48%. The prevalence of antibodies against the PPR virus varied by species (goats, 15.21%, sheep, 19.25% and camels, 0%), age groups and geographic areas. The rate of infection by the PPR virus was higher in the sheep population (34. 67%) than in goats (27.37%). The study showed seroprevalence higher in sheep than in goats. In contrast, no serum from camels revealed positive vis-à-vis the PPR virus. Another serological survey would need to be undertaken in the population of camels in order to clarify their role in the epidemiology of PPR.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY - JOUR
T1 - Distribution and Seroprevalence of PPR Virus in Chad During 2004 - 2014
AU - BIDJEH Kebkiba
AU - BAN-BO Bebanto Antipas
AU - MAHAMAT Fayiz Abakar
AU - ASSANDI Oussiguere
AU - ASSANE Kembe
AU - TCHARI Doungous
AU - KEILAR Aurelie
AU - TAÏTOUIN Sounkreo
Y1 - 2015/05/16
PY - 2015
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20150303.13
DO - 10.11648/j.avs.20150303.13
T2 - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JF - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JO - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
SP - 89
EP - 93
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2328-5850
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20150303.13
AB - Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute febrile viral disease of goats and sheep characterized by mucopurulent nasal and ocular discharge, erosive and necrotizing stomatitis, enteritis and pneumonia. It is widespread, virulent and devastating causing significant impacts to the economy, food security and livelihoods of poor marginalized farmers. This study focused on clinical observations of 233 suspected cases of PPR and provided detailed information on the prevalence of antibodies against the PPR virus in sera from 986 small ruminants and 31 from camels. Most of specimens for this study were obtained from the slaughterhouse in N'Djamena. Sera for the detection of antibodies against the PPR virus were not necessarily representative of the target population, even if they were from a larger number of regions. According to information provided by the epidemiological surveillance field agents, the foci of the disease were more severe in goats than in sheep and the outbreaks frequency was higher during the Cold dry season (December to June) than during the other months of the year. Analysis of 1017 sera collected in small ruminants and camels revealed that the prevalence of antibodies against the PPR virus was 34.48%. The prevalence of antibodies against the PPR virus varied by species (goats, 15.21%, sheep, 19.25% and camels, 0%), age groups and geographic areas. The rate of infection by the PPR virus was higher in the sheep population (34. 67%) than in goats (27.37%). The study showed seroprevalence higher in sheep than in goats. In contrast, no serum from camels revealed positive vis-à-vis the PPR virus. Another serological survey would need to be undertaken in the population of camels in order to clarify their role in the epidemiology of PPR.
VL - 3
IS - 3
ER -

Copy | Download

Author Information

BIDJEH Kebkiba

Department of Animal Health, Livestock Research Institute for Development, N’Djamena, Chad
BAN-BO Bebanto Antipas

Department of Faculty of Exact and Applied Sciences, University of N'Djamena, N’Djamena, Chad
MAHAMAT Fayiz Abakar

Department of Animal Health, Livestock Research Institute for Development, N’Djamena, Chad
ASSANDI Oussiguere

Department of Animal Health, Livestock Research Institute for Development, N’Djamena, Chad
ASSANE Kembe

Department of Animal Health, Livestock Research Institute for Development, N’Djamena, Chad
TCHARI Doungous

Department of Animal Health, Livestock Research Institute for Development, N’Djamena, Chad
KEILAR Aurelie

Department of Animal Health, Livestock Research Institute for Development, N’Djamena, Chad
TAÏTOUIN Sounkreo

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

BIDJEH Kebkiba, BAN-BO Bebanto Antipas, MAHAMAT Fayiz Abakar, ASSANDI Oussiguere, ASSANE Kembe, et al. (2015). Distribution and Seroprevalence of PPR Virus in Chad During 2004 - 2014. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 3(3), 89-93. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20150303.13

Copy | Download

ACS Style

BIDJEH Kebkiba; BAN-BO Bebanto Antipas; MAHAMAT Fayiz Abakar; ASSANDI Oussiguere; ASSANE Kembe, et al. Distribution and Seroprevalence of PPR Virus in Chad During 2004 - 2014. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2015, 3(3), 89-93. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20150303.13

Copy | Download

AMA Style

BIDJEH Kebkiba, BAN-BO Bebanto Antipas, MAHAMAT Fayiz Abakar, ASSANDI Oussiguere, ASSANE Kembe, et al. Distribution and Seroprevalence of PPR Virus in Chad During 2004 - 2014. Anim Vet Sci. 2015;3(3):89-93. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20150303.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.avs.20150303.13,
  author = {BIDJEH Kebkiba and BAN-BO Bebanto Antipas and MAHAMAT Fayiz Abakar and ASSANDI Oussiguere and ASSANE Kembe and TCHARI Doungous and KEILAR Aurelie and TAÏTOUIN Sounkreo},
  title = {Distribution and Seroprevalence of PPR Virus in Chad During 2004 - 2014},
  journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3},
  pages = {89-93},
  doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20150303.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20150303.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20150303.13},
  abstract = {Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute febrile viral disease of goats and sheep characterized by mucopurulent nasal and ocular discharge, erosive and necrotizing stomatitis, enteritis and pneumonia. It is widespread, virulent and devastating causing significant impacts to the economy, food security and livelihoods of poor marginalized farmers. This study focused on clinical observations of 233 suspected cases of PPR and provided detailed information on the prevalence of antibodies against the PPR virus in sera from 986 small ruminants and 31 from camels. Most of specimens for this study were obtained from the slaughterhouse in N'Djamena. Sera for the detection of antibodies against the PPR virus were not necessarily representative of the target population, even if they were from a larger number of regions. According to information provided by the epidemiological surveillance field agents, the foci of the disease were more severe in goats than in sheep and the outbreaks frequency was higher during the Cold dry season (December to June) than during the other months of the year. Analysis of 1017 sera collected in small ruminants and camels revealed that the prevalence of antibodies against the PPR virus was 34.48%. The prevalence of antibodies against the PPR virus varied by species (goats, 15.21%, sheep, 19.25% and camels, 0%), age groups and geographic areas. The rate of infection by the PPR virus was higher in the sheep population (34. 67%) than in goats (27.37%). The study showed seroprevalence higher in sheep than in goats. In contrast, no serum from camels revealed positive vis-à-vis the PPR virus. Another serological survey would need to be undertaken in the population of camels in order to clarify their role in the epidemiology of PPR.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download