Introduction: VAP infections are associated with health risks, such as the development of sepsis, lung damage, and increased mortality rates. The higher mortality rate among VAP patients is mainly related to risks posed by severe pathogens that may enter the respiratory tract. Applying various preventive measures reduces the risk and incidence of VAP. This study aimed to determine the incidence and effects of VAP in Saudi Arabia. The study also determined measures that can be undertaken to prevent ventilated patients from developing VAP. Methods: A systematic review design was used. The included studies were published after 2015 in the English language and relevant to the topic of concern. Results: Eleven articles were selected for inclusion in the study. The incidence of VAP in Saudi Arabia was low during the study period. Using the VAP prevention and treatment bundle led to reduced VAP infection rates among mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU. Conclusion: The use of the VAP prevention and treatment bundle and other strategies reduced the risk of ventilated patients developing VAP. The use of the VAP prevention bundle may have helped reduce the incidence of VAP in both hospitals, as well as their mortality rates, and may have increased the rate at which patients were transferred from the ICU.
| Published in | American Journal of Nursing Science (Volume 11, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajns.20221102.15 |
| Page(s) | 77-82 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Ventilator, Associated Pneumonia, Critically Ill Patients, Preventive Measures
| [1] | Alsahafi, A. J. & Cheng, A. C. (2016), "The Epidemiology of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2012–2015", International Journal of Infectious Diseases 45, 1–4. |
| [2] | Antonakas, N. P., Konstantopoulos, N. & Seimenis, I. (2014), "Human Resource Management's Role in the Public Sector and the Level of Corruption: The Case of Greek Tax Administration", Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 148, 455–462. |
| [3] | Amin, A. (2009), "Clinical and Economic Consequences of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia", Clinical Infectious Diseases 49, S36–S43. |
| [4] | Bertot, J. C., Jaeger, P. T. & Grimes, J. M. (2010), "Using ICTs to Create a Culture of Transparency: E-government and Social Media as Openness and Anti-corruption Tools for Societies", Government Information Quarterly 27, 264–271. |
| [5] | Banjar, A., Felemban, M., Dhafar, K., Gazzaz, Z., Al Harthi, B., Baig, M., Al Khatib, Z., Zakaria, J., Hawsawi, K., Isahac, L. & Akbar, A. (2017), "Surveillance of Preventive Measures for Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) and its Rate in Makkah Region Hospitals, Saudi Arabia", Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 47, 211–216. |
| [6] | Gadani, H., Vyas, A. & Kar, A. K. (2010), "A Study of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia: Incidence, Outcome, Risk Factors and Measures to be Taken for Prevention", Indian Journal of Anaesthesia 54, 535. |
| [7] | Gupta, S., Boville, B., Blanton, R., Lukasiewicz, G., Wincek, J., Bai, C. & Forbes, M. (2015), "A Multicentered Prospective Analysis of Diagnosis, Risk Factors, and Outcomes Associated with Pediatric Ventilator-associated Pneumonia", Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 16, eg5–e73. |
| [8] | Campbell, M., Katikireddi, S. V., Sowden, A., Mckenzie, J. E. & Thomson, H. (2018), "Improving Conduct and Reporting of Narrative Synthesis of Quantitative Data (ICONS-Quant): Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study to Develop a Reporting Guideline", BMJ Open 8, e020064. |
| [9] | Gopalakrishnan, S. & Ganeshkumar, P. (2013), "Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis: Understanding the Best Evidence in Primary Healthcare", Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 2, 9. |
| [10] | Damas, P., Frippiat, F., Ancion, A., Canivet, J.-L., Lambermont, B., Layios, N., Massion, P., Morimont, P., Nys, M. & Piret, S. (2015), "Prevention of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia and Ventilator-associated Conditions: A Randomized Controlled Trial with Subglottic Secretion Suctioning", Critical Care Medicine 43, 22–30. |
| [11] | Dube, M., Goswami, S., Singh, A., Raju, B. M., Dube, P. & Bhatia, G. (2018b), "Pattern and Incidence of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia Among Mechanically Ventilated Patients," International Journal of Advances in Medicine 5, 442–445. |
| [12] | Edwards, C. (2015), Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of Adult Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital System. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh. |
| [13] | El-Saed, A., Al-Jardani, A., Althaqafi, A., Alansari, H., Alsalman, J., Al Maskari, Z., El Gammal, A., Al Nasser, W., Al-Abri, S. S. & Balkhy, H. H. (2016), "Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Rates in Critical Care Units in 3 Arabian Gulf Countries: A 6-Year Surveillance Study", American Journal of Infection Control 44, 794–798. |
| [14] | Hadda, V., Khilnan, G., Dubey, G., Nallan, R., Kumar, G. & Guleria, R. (2014), "Impact of VAP on Outcome in Patients with COPD Exacerbation", Lung India 31, 4–8. |
| [15] | Hellyer, T., Ewan, V., Wilson, P. & Simpson, J. (2016), "The Intensive Care Society Recommended Bundle of Interventions for the Prevention of VAP", Journal of the Intensive Care Society 17, 238–243. |
| [16] | Joseph, N. M., Sistla, S., Dutta, T. K., Badhe, A. S., Rasitha, D. & Parija, S. C. (2012), "Outcome of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia: Impact of Antibiotic Therapy and Other Factors", The Australasian Medical Journal 5, 135. |
| [17] | Koenig, S. M. & Truwit, J. D. (2006), "Ventilator-associated Pneumonia: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention", Clinical Microbiology Reviews 19, 637–657. |
| [18] | Lambert, M.-L., Palomar, M., Agodi, A., Hiesmayr, M., Lepape, A., Ingenbleek, A., Herrejon, E. P., Blot, S. & Frank, U. (2013), "Prevention of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in Intensive Care Units: An International Online Survey", Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 2, 9. |
| [19] | Mathai, A. S., Phillips, A., Kaur, P. & Isaac, R. (2015), "Incidence and Attributable Costs of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia (VAP) in a Tertiary-level Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in Northern India", Journal of Infection and Public Health 8, 127–135. |
| [20] | Pássaro, L., Harbarth, S. & Landelle, C. (2016), "Prevention of Hospital-acquired Pneumonia in Non-ventilated Adult Patients: A Narrative Review", Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control 5, 1–11. |
| [21] | Robert, P. (2015), "Elderly Often Disabled After Mechanical Ventilation", https://consumer.healthday.com/senior-citizen-information-31/misc-aging-news-10/elderly-often-disabled-after-mechanical-ventilation-647384.html [accessed 10 July 2019]. |
| [22] | Samuel, A. & Lowen, A. (2010), "Bribery and Inspection Technology", Economics of Governance 11, 333–350. |
| [23] | Timsit, J.-F., Esaied, W., Neuville, M., Bouadma, L. & Mourvillier, B. (2017), "Update on Ventilator-associated Pneumonia", F1000Research 6, 2061. |
APA Style
Ebtisam Hanshool Mauof Al-Gethami, Mona Atif Altalhi, Kamal Aali Alrbai, Asma Hanshool Algethami, Manal Atif Altalhi. (2022). Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Among Saudian’s Critically Ill Patients Preventive Measures and Incidence, Systemic Review. American Journal of Nursing Science, 11(2), 77-82. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20221102.15
ACS Style
Ebtisam Hanshool Mauof Al-Gethami; Mona Atif Altalhi; Kamal Aali Alrbai; Asma Hanshool Algethami; Manal Atif Altalhi. Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Among Saudian’s Critically Ill Patients Preventive Measures and Incidence, Systemic Review. Am. J. Nurs. Sci. 2022, 11(2), 77-82. doi: 10.11648/j.ajns.20221102.15
AMA Style
Ebtisam Hanshool Mauof Al-Gethami, Mona Atif Altalhi, Kamal Aali Alrbai, Asma Hanshool Algethami, Manal Atif Altalhi. Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Among Saudian’s Critically Ill Patients Preventive Measures and Incidence, Systemic Review. Am J Nurs Sci. 2022;11(2):77-82. doi: 10.11648/j.ajns.20221102.15
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ajns.20221102.15,
author = {Ebtisam Hanshool Mauof Al-Gethami and Mona Atif Altalhi and Kamal Aali Alrbai and Asma Hanshool Algethami and Manal Atif Altalhi},
title = {Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Among Saudian’s Critically Ill Patients Preventive Measures and Incidence, Systemic Review},
journal = {American Journal of Nursing Science},
volume = {11},
number = {2},
pages = {77-82},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajns.20221102.15},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20221102.15},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajns.20221102.15},
abstract = {Introduction: VAP infections are associated with health risks, such as the development of sepsis, lung damage, and increased mortality rates. The higher mortality rate among VAP patients is mainly related to risks posed by severe pathogens that may enter the respiratory tract. Applying various preventive measures reduces the risk and incidence of VAP. This study aimed to determine the incidence and effects of VAP in Saudi Arabia. The study also determined measures that can be undertaken to prevent ventilated patients from developing VAP. Methods: A systematic review design was used. The included studies were published after 2015 in the English language and relevant to the topic of concern. Results: Eleven articles were selected for inclusion in the study. The incidence of VAP in Saudi Arabia was low during the study period. Using the VAP prevention and treatment bundle led to reduced VAP infection rates among mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU. Conclusion: The use of the VAP prevention and treatment bundle and other strategies reduced the risk of ventilated patients developing VAP. The use of the VAP prevention bundle may have helped reduce the incidence of VAP in both hospitals, as well as their mortality rates, and may have increased the rate at which patients were transferred from the ICU.},
year = {2022}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Among Saudian’s Critically Ill Patients Preventive Measures and Incidence, Systemic Review AU - Ebtisam Hanshool Mauof Al-Gethami AU - Mona Atif Altalhi AU - Kamal Aali Alrbai AU - Asma Hanshool Algethami AU - Manal Atif Altalhi Y1 - 2022/04/28 PY - 2022 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20221102.15 DO - 10.11648/j.ajns.20221102.15 T2 - American Journal of Nursing Science JF - American Journal of Nursing Science JO - American Journal of Nursing Science SP - 77 EP - 82 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2328-5753 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20221102.15 AB - Introduction: VAP infections are associated with health risks, such as the development of sepsis, lung damage, and increased mortality rates. The higher mortality rate among VAP patients is mainly related to risks posed by severe pathogens that may enter the respiratory tract. Applying various preventive measures reduces the risk and incidence of VAP. This study aimed to determine the incidence and effects of VAP in Saudi Arabia. The study also determined measures that can be undertaken to prevent ventilated patients from developing VAP. Methods: A systematic review design was used. The included studies were published after 2015 in the English language and relevant to the topic of concern. Results: Eleven articles were selected for inclusion in the study. The incidence of VAP in Saudi Arabia was low during the study period. Using the VAP prevention and treatment bundle led to reduced VAP infection rates among mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU. Conclusion: The use of the VAP prevention and treatment bundle and other strategies reduced the risk of ventilated patients developing VAP. The use of the VAP prevention bundle may have helped reduce the incidence of VAP in both hospitals, as well as their mortality rates, and may have increased the rate at which patients were transferred from the ICU. VL - 11 IS - 2 ER -
Information
Email: