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Association Between Injurious Site and Demographic Features of Injured Civilians During Sudan War 2023 to 2024

Received: 9 October 2025     Accepted: 20 October 2025     Published: 24 December 2025
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Abstract

Background: War has far-reaching consequences for individuals, communities, governments, and even global systems. Civilians in Sudan have suffered serious and frequently targeted wounds and other suffering during the war. A collapsed health system, a lack of medical supplies, and purposeful attacks on healthcare facilities make it impossible for wounded individuals to receive care. As a result, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the injurious site and the demographic characteristics of injured people during the Sudan war of 2023–2024. Methodology: This is a prospective descriptive analysis conducted at El-Obeid Teaching Hospital from May 2023 to May 2024. The study encompassed all civilian casualties resulting from the armed conflict who were admitted to El-Obeid Teaching Hospital in El-Obeid, North Kordofan State, Sudan. Results: The majority of participants were aged 18-24 years, followed by those under 18 and aged 25-34 years, accounting for 26%, 20.5%, and 17.5%, respectively. In terms of occupation, the majority of the wounded were self-employed, comprising 48.5%, followed by students at 13% and pupils at 10.5%. The most prevalent sites are the lower limbs, followed by the upper limbs, abdomen, and chest, comprising 46.5%, 25.5%, 25.5%, and 19%, respectively. Conclusion: The primary body sites impacted during armed conflict include the lower and upper extremities, as well as the abdomen. Individuals engaged in outdoor occupations and students experience the highest rates of injury.

Published in American Journal of Health Research (Volume 13, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajhr.20251306.19
Page(s) 361-367
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Sudan, War, Civilian Victims, El-Obeid, Armed Conflict

References
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[3] WHO. Injuries and violence 2024. Available at:
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  • APA Style

    Massry, E. A., Koko, M. B., Sahal, M. E. A., Amer, S. E. A., Musa, M. E., et al. (2025). Association Between Injurious Site and Demographic Features of Injured Civilians During Sudan War 2023 to 2024. American Journal of Health Research, 13(6), 361-367. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20251306.19

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    ACS Style

    Massry, E. A.; Koko, M. B.; Sahal, M. E. A.; Amer, S. E. A.; Musa, M. E., et al. Association Between Injurious Site and Demographic Features of Injured Civilians During Sudan War 2023 to 2024. Am. J. Health Res. 2025, 13(6), 361-367. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20251306.19

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    AMA Style

    Massry EA, Koko MB, Sahal MEA, Amer SEA, Musa ME, et al. Association Between Injurious Site and Demographic Features of Injured Civilians During Sudan War 2023 to 2024. Am J Health Res. 2025;13(6):361-367. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20251306.19

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20251306.19,
      author = {Esra Altayeb Massry and Mohammedbabalrahma Bashier Koko and Muhamd Elhafiz Ahmed Sahal and Shames Eldeen Amara Amer and Mmaged Elebeid Musa and Mohamed Elmustafa Abd-Elrazag and Hassan Mahgoub Hassan Khalifa and Yousif Hamid Mahmoud and Jowaireia Gaber Al-Basheer Al-Hassan and Eldisugi Hassan Mohammed Humida and Hussain Gadelkarim Ahmed},
      title = {Association Between Injurious Site and Demographic Features of Injured Civilians During Sudan War 2023 to 2024},
      journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
      volume = {13},
      number = {6},
      pages = {361-367},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20251306.19},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20251306.19},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20251306.19},
      abstract = {Background: War has far-reaching consequences for individuals, communities, governments, and even global systems. Civilians in Sudan have suffered serious and frequently targeted wounds and other suffering during the war. A collapsed health system, a lack of medical supplies, and purposeful attacks on healthcare facilities make it impossible for wounded individuals to receive care. As a result, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the injurious site and the demographic characteristics of injured people during the Sudan war of 2023–2024. Methodology: This is a prospective descriptive analysis conducted at El-Obeid Teaching Hospital from May 2023 to May 2024. The study encompassed all civilian casualties resulting from the armed conflict who were admitted to El-Obeid Teaching Hospital in El-Obeid, North Kordofan State, Sudan. Results: The majority of participants were aged 18-24 years, followed by those under 18 and aged 25-34 years, accounting for 26%, 20.5%, and 17.5%, respectively. In terms of occupation, the majority of the wounded were self-employed, comprising 48.5%, followed by students at 13% and pupils at 10.5%. The most prevalent sites are the lower limbs, followed by the upper limbs, abdomen, and chest, comprising 46.5%, 25.5%, 25.5%, and 19%, respectively. Conclusion: The primary body sites impacted during armed conflict include the lower and upper extremities, as well as the abdomen. Individuals engaged in outdoor occupations and students experience the highest rates of injury.},
     year = {2025}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Association Between Injurious Site and Demographic Features of Injured Civilians During Sudan War 2023 to 2024
    AU  - Esra Altayeb Massry
    AU  - Mohammedbabalrahma Bashier Koko
    AU  - Muhamd Elhafiz Ahmed Sahal
    AU  - Shames Eldeen Amara Amer
    AU  - Mmaged Elebeid Musa
    AU  - Mohamed Elmustafa Abd-Elrazag
    AU  - Hassan Mahgoub Hassan Khalifa
    AU  - Yousif Hamid Mahmoud
    AU  - Jowaireia Gaber Al-Basheer Al-Hassan
    AU  - Eldisugi Hassan Mohammed Humida
    AU  - Hussain Gadelkarim Ahmed
    Y1  - 2025/12/24
    PY  - 2025
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20251306.19
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20251306.19
    T2  - American Journal of Health Research
    JF  - American Journal of Health Research
    JO  - American Journal of Health Research
    SP  - 361
    EP  - 367
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8796
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20251306.19
    AB  - Background: War has far-reaching consequences for individuals, communities, governments, and even global systems. Civilians in Sudan have suffered serious and frequently targeted wounds and other suffering during the war. A collapsed health system, a lack of medical supplies, and purposeful attacks on healthcare facilities make it impossible for wounded individuals to receive care. As a result, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the injurious site and the demographic characteristics of injured people during the Sudan war of 2023–2024. Methodology: This is a prospective descriptive analysis conducted at El-Obeid Teaching Hospital from May 2023 to May 2024. The study encompassed all civilian casualties resulting from the armed conflict who were admitted to El-Obeid Teaching Hospital in El-Obeid, North Kordofan State, Sudan. Results: The majority of participants were aged 18-24 years, followed by those under 18 and aged 25-34 years, accounting for 26%, 20.5%, and 17.5%, respectively. In terms of occupation, the majority of the wounded were self-employed, comprising 48.5%, followed by students at 13% and pupils at 10.5%. The most prevalent sites are the lower limbs, followed by the upper limbs, abdomen, and chest, comprising 46.5%, 25.5%, 25.5%, and 19%, respectively. Conclusion: The primary body sites impacted during armed conflict include the lower and upper extremities, as well as the abdomen. Individuals engaged in outdoor occupations and students experience the highest rates of injury.
    VL  - 13
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of General Surgery, El-Obeid Teaching Hospital, El-Obeid, Sudan

  • Department of General Surgery, El-Obeid Teaching Hospital, El-Obeid, Sudan;Department of Surgery, University of Kordofan, El-Obeid, Sudan;Department of Surgery, Sheikan College, El-Obeid, Sudan

  • Department of General Surgery, El-Obeid Teaching Hospital, El-Obeid, Sudan

  • Department of General Surgery, El-Obeid Teaching Hospital, El-Obeid, Sudan;Department of Surgery, University of Kordofan, El-Obeid, Sudan;Department of Surgery, Sheikan College, El-Obeid, Sudan

  • Department of Urology, El-Obeid Teaching Hospital, El-Obeid, Sudan

  • Department of Surgery, Sheikan College, El-Obeid, Sudan;Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Kordofan, El-Obeid, Sudan;Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, El-Obeid Teaching Hospital, El-Obeid, Sudan

  • Department of Urology, El-Obeid Teaching Hospital, El-Obeid, Sudan

  • Department of Internal Medicine, University of Dalanj, Dalanj, Sudan

  • Department of Surgery, Sheikan College, El-Obeid, Sudan;Department of Haematology, University of Kordofan, El-Obeid, Sudan

  • Department of Medicine, University of Kordofan, El-Obeid, Sudan;Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, El-Obeid International Hospital, El-Obeid, Sudan

  • Prof Medical Research Consultancy Center, El-Obeid, Sudan;Department of Histopathology and Cytology, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan

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