Development and Application of Heterogeneous Catalyst from Snail Shells for Optimization of Biodiesel Production from <i>Moringa Oleifera</i> Seed Oil

Ameh Charles Ugbede; Eterigho Elizabeth Jumoke; Musa Abdullahi Abdullahi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajche.20210901.11

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Development and Application of Heterogeneous Catalyst from Snail Shells for Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil

Ameh Charles Ugbede, Eterigho Elizabeth Jumoke, Musa Abdullahi Abdullahi

Published in American Journal of Chemical Engineering (Volume 9, Issue 1)

Received: 9 January 2021 Accepted: 16 January 2021 Published: 9 February 2021

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Abstract

Environmental challenges and high cost of fossil fuel has made Biodiesel gained more recognition as alternative fuel. In this study, heterogeneous catalyst was developed via dealumination of Ukpor clay and calcined snail shells. Basicity, morphology, textural characteristics among other properties of catalyst were studied using XRF, FTIR, SEM, XRD, EDS, BET, XPS and TGA analyses. The optimization of Moringa Oleifera seed oil biodiesel production was carried out via Central Composite Rotatable Design matrix (CCRD) and Response Surface Methodology (RMS). The variables investigated were temperature, time, catalyst concentration and agitation speed. Biodiesel samples were separated from reactant and impurities via decantation and distillation processes. At a combination of 240min, 300°C, 4.0wt%, and 300rpm of time, temperature, catalyst concentration and agitation speed, the maximum yield of 45.50% was obtained. The FTIR, GC-MS and characteristics of the biodiesel produced conform to ASTM standards. The statistical model developed for the effects and percentage contributions of the optimization variables is in the form of; Yield = +25.85 + 5.88*A + 3.19*B - 2.60*C + 0.71*D + 2.29 *A*B + 1.67 *A*C - 0.069*A*D+2.54*B*C + 0.66*B*D - 2.27*C*D + 0.14*A2 + 2.12 *B2 + 1.49*C2 - 0.78*D2 while the reaction obeys first order kinetics, the reaction proceeds faster at elevated temperatures. The calculated activation (E_a) recorded is 2.94 kJmol^-1K^-1.

Published in	American Journal of Chemical Engineering (Volume 9, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajche.20210901.11
Page(s)	1-17
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

ANOVA, Heterogeneous, Transesterification, Optimization, Moringa Oleifera

References

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Ameh Charles Ugbede, Eterigho Elizabeth Jumoke, Musa Abdullahi Abdullahi. (2021). Development and Application of Heterogeneous Catalyst from Snail Shells for Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil. American Journal of Chemical Engineering, 9(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20210901.11

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ACS Style

Ameh Charles Ugbede; Eterigho Elizabeth Jumoke; Musa Abdullahi Abdullahi. Development and Application of Heterogeneous Catalyst from Snail Shells for Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil. Am. J. Chem. Eng. 2021, 9(1), 1-17. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20210901.11

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AMA Style

Ameh Charles Ugbede, Eterigho Elizabeth Jumoke, Musa Abdullahi Abdullahi. Development and Application of Heterogeneous Catalyst from Snail Shells for Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil. Am J Chem Eng. 2021;9(1):1-17. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20210901.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajche.20210901.11,
  author = {Ameh Charles Ugbede and Eterigho Elizabeth Jumoke and Musa Abdullahi Abdullahi},
  title = {Development and Application of Heterogeneous Catalyst from Snail Shells for Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil},
  journal = {American Journal of Chemical Engineering},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-17},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajche.20210901.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20210901.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajche.20210901.11},
  abstract = {Environmental challenges and high cost of fossil fuel has made Biodiesel gained more recognition as alternative fuel. In this study, heterogeneous catalyst was developed via dealumination of Ukpor clay and calcined snail shells. Basicity, morphology, textural characteristics among other properties of catalyst were studied using XRF, FTIR, SEM, XRD, EDS, BET, XPS and TGA analyses. The optimization of Moringa Oleifera seed oil biodiesel production was carried out via Central Composite Rotatable Design matrix (CCRD) and Response Surface Methodology (RMS). The variables investigated were temperature, time, catalyst concentration and agitation speed. Biodiesel samples were separated from reactant and impurities via decantation and distillation processes. At a combination of 240min, 300°C, 4.0wt%, and 300rpm of time, temperature, catalyst concentration and agitation speed, the maximum yield of 45.50% was obtained. The FTIR, GC-MS and characteristics of the biodiesel produced conform to ASTM standards. The statistical model developed for the effects and percentage contributions of the optimization variables is in the form of; Yield = +25.85 + 5.88*A + 3.19*B - 2.60*C + 0.71*D + 2.29 *A*B + 1.67 *A*C - 0.069*A*D+2.54*B*C + 0.66*B*D - 2.27*C*D + 0.14*A2 + 2.12 *B2 + 1.49*C2 - 0.78*D2 while the reaction obeys first order kinetics, the reaction proceeds faster at elevated temperatures. The calculated activation (Ea) recorded is 2.94 kJmol-1K-1.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Development and Application of Heterogeneous Catalyst from Snail Shells for Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil
AU  - Ameh Charles Ugbede
AU  - Eterigho Elizabeth Jumoke
AU  - Musa Abdullahi Abdullahi
Y1  - 2021/02/09
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20210901.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajche.20210901.11
T2  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
SP  - 1
EP  - 17
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8613
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20210901.11
AB  - Environmental challenges and high cost of fossil fuel has made Biodiesel gained more recognition as alternative fuel. In this study, heterogeneous catalyst was developed via dealumination of Ukpor clay and calcined snail shells. Basicity, morphology, textural characteristics among other properties of catalyst were studied using XRF, FTIR, SEM, XRD, EDS, BET, XPS and TGA analyses. The optimization of Moringa Oleifera seed oil biodiesel production was carried out via Central Composite Rotatable Design matrix (CCRD) and Response Surface Methodology (RMS). The variables investigated were temperature, time, catalyst concentration and agitation speed. Biodiesel samples were separated from reactant and impurities via decantation and distillation processes. At a combination of 240min, 300°C, 4.0wt%, and 300rpm of time, temperature, catalyst concentration and agitation speed, the maximum yield of 45.50% was obtained. The FTIR, GC-MS and characteristics of the biodiesel produced conform to ASTM standards. The statistical model developed for the effects and percentage contributions of the optimization variables is in the form of; Yield = +25.85 + 5.88*A + 3.19*B - 2.60*C + 0.71*D + 2.29 *A*B + 1.67 *A*C - 0.069*A*D+2.54*B*C + 0.66*B*D - 2.27*C*D + 0.14*A2 + 2.12 *B2 + 1.49*C2 - 0.78*D2 while the reaction obeys first order kinetics, the reaction proceeds faster at elevated temperatures. The calculated activation (Ea) recorded is 2.94 kJmol-1K-1.
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Ameh Charles Ugbede

Department of Chemical Engineering, School Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
Eterigho Elizabeth Jumoke

Department of Chemical Engineering, School Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
Musa Abdullahi Abdullahi

Department of Production, Process and Utilities, Dangote Fertiliser Ltd, Lagos, Nigeria

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Ameh Charles Ugbede, Eterigho Elizabeth Jumoke, Musa Abdullahi Abdullahi. (2021). Development and Application of Heterogeneous Catalyst from Snail Shells for Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil. American Journal of Chemical Engineering, 9(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20210901.11

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ACS Style

Ameh Charles Ugbede; Eterigho Elizabeth Jumoke; Musa Abdullahi Abdullahi. Development and Application of Heterogeneous Catalyst from Snail Shells for Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil. Am. J. Chem. Eng. 2021, 9(1), 1-17. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20210901.11

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AMA Style

Ameh Charles Ugbede, Eterigho Elizabeth Jumoke, Musa Abdullahi Abdullahi. Development and Application of Heterogeneous Catalyst from Snail Shells for Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil. Am J Chem Eng. 2021;9(1):1-17. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20210901.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajche.20210901.11,
  author = {Ameh Charles Ugbede and Eterigho Elizabeth Jumoke and Musa Abdullahi Abdullahi},
  title = {Development and Application of Heterogeneous Catalyst from Snail Shells for Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil},
  journal = {American Journal of Chemical Engineering},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-17},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajche.20210901.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20210901.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajche.20210901.11},
  abstract = {Environmental challenges and high cost of fossil fuel has made Biodiesel gained more recognition as alternative fuel. In this study, heterogeneous catalyst was developed via dealumination of Ukpor clay and calcined snail shells. Basicity, morphology, textural characteristics among other properties of catalyst were studied using XRF, FTIR, SEM, XRD, EDS, BET, XPS and TGA analyses. The optimization of Moringa Oleifera seed oil biodiesel production was carried out via Central Composite Rotatable Design matrix (CCRD) and Response Surface Methodology (RMS). The variables investigated were temperature, time, catalyst concentration and agitation speed. Biodiesel samples were separated from reactant and impurities via decantation and distillation processes. At a combination of 240min, 300°C, 4.0wt%, and 300rpm of time, temperature, catalyst concentration and agitation speed, the maximum yield of 45.50% was obtained. The FTIR, GC-MS and characteristics of the biodiesel produced conform to ASTM standards. The statistical model developed for the effects and percentage contributions of the optimization variables is in the form of; Yield = +25.85 + 5.88*A + 3.19*B - 2.60*C + 0.71*D + 2.29 *A*B + 1.67 *A*C - 0.069*A*D+2.54*B*C + 0.66*B*D - 2.27*C*D + 0.14*A2 + 2.12 *B2 + 1.49*C2 - 0.78*D2 while the reaction obeys first order kinetics, the reaction proceeds faster at elevated temperatures. The calculated activation (Ea) recorded is 2.94 kJmol-1K-1.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Development and Application of Heterogeneous Catalyst from Snail Shells for Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil
AU  - Ameh Charles Ugbede
AU  - Eterigho Elizabeth Jumoke
AU  - Musa Abdullahi Abdullahi
Y1  - 2021/02/09
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20210901.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajche.20210901.11
T2  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
SP  - 1
EP  - 17
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8613
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20210901.11
AB  - Environmental challenges and high cost of fossil fuel has made Biodiesel gained more recognition as alternative fuel. In this study, heterogeneous catalyst was developed via dealumination of Ukpor clay and calcined snail shells. Basicity, morphology, textural characteristics among other properties of catalyst were studied using XRF, FTIR, SEM, XRD, EDS, BET, XPS and TGA analyses. The optimization of Moringa Oleifera seed oil biodiesel production was carried out via Central Composite Rotatable Design matrix (CCRD) and Response Surface Methodology (RMS). The variables investigated were temperature, time, catalyst concentration and agitation speed. Biodiesel samples were separated from reactant and impurities via decantation and distillation processes. At a combination of 240min, 300°C, 4.0wt%, and 300rpm of time, temperature, catalyst concentration and agitation speed, the maximum yield of 45.50% was obtained. The FTIR, GC-MS and characteristics of the biodiesel produced conform to ASTM standards. The statistical model developed for the effects and percentage contributions of the optimization variables is in the form of; Yield = +25.85 + 5.88*A + 3.19*B - 2.60*C + 0.71*D + 2.29 *A*B + 1.67 *A*C - 0.069*A*D+2.54*B*C + 0.66*B*D - 2.27*C*D + 0.14*A2 + 2.12 *B2 + 1.49*C2 - 0.78*D2 while the reaction obeys first order kinetics, the reaction proceeds faster at elevated temperatures. The calculated activation (Ea) recorded is 2.94 kJmol-1K-1.
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
ER  -

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