Evaluation of Isotopic Abundance Ratio in Biofield Energy Treated Nitrophenol Derivatives Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi; Alice Branton; Dahryn Trivedi; Gopal Nayak; Kalyan Kumar Sethi; Snehasis Jana

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajche.20160403.11

| Peer-Reviewed

Evaluation of Isotopic Abundance Ratio in Biofield Energy Treated Nitrophenol Derivatives Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Kalyan Kumar Sethi, Snehasis Jana

Published in American Journal of Chemical Engineering (Volume 4, Issue 3)

Received: 10 May 2016 Accepted: 16 June 2016 Published: 15 July 2016

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Nitrophenols are the synthetic organic chemicals used for the preparation of synthetic intermediates, organophosphorus pesticides, and pharmaceuticals. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the isotopic abundance ratios of P_M+1/P_M, and P_M+2/P_M in o- and m-nitrophenol using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The o- and m-nitrophenol were divided into two parts - one part was control sample, and another part was considered as biofield energy treated sample, which received Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment (The Trivedi Effect^®). The biofield energy treated nitrophenols having analyzed at different time intervals were designated as T1, T2, T3, and T4. The GC-MS analysis of both the control and biofield treated samples indicated the presence of the parent molecular ion peak of o- and m-nitrophenol (C₆H₅NO₃⁺) at m/z 139 along with major fragmentation peaks at m/z 122, 109, 93, 81, 65, and 39. The relative peak intensities of the fragmented ions in the biofield treated o- and m-nitrophenol were notably changed as compared to the control sample with respect to the time. The isotopic abundance ratio analysis using GC-MS revealed that the isotopic abundance ratio of P_M+1/P_M in the biofield energy treated o-nitrophenol at T2 and T3 was significantly increased by 14.48 and 86.49%, respectively as compared to the control sample. Consequently, the isotopic abundance ratio of P_M+2/P_M in the biofield energy treated sample at T2 and T3 was increased by 11.36, and 82.95%, respectively as compared to the control sample. Similarly, in m-nitrophenol, the isotopic abundance ratio of P_M+1/P_M in the biofield energy treated sample at T1, T3, and T4 was increased by 5.82, 5.09, and 6.40%, respectively as compared to the control sample. Subsequently, the isotopic abundance ratio of P_M+2/P_M at T1, T2, T3 and T4 in the biofield energy treated m-nitrophenol was increased by 6.33, 3.80, 16.46, and 16.46%, respectively as compared to the control sample. Overall, the isotopic abundance ratios of P_M+1/P_M (²H/¹H or ¹³C/¹²C or ¹⁵N/¹⁴N or ¹⁷O/¹⁶O), and P_M+2/P_M (¹⁸O/¹⁶O) were altered in the biofield energy treated o- and m-nitrophenol as compared to the control increased in most of the cases. The biofield treated o- and m-nitrophenol that have improved isotopic abundance ratios might have altered the physicochemical properties and could be useful in pharmaceutical and chemical industries as an intermediate in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals and other useful chemicals for the industrial application.

Published in	American Journal of Chemical Engineering (Volume 4, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajche.20160403.11
Page(s)	68-77
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Biofield Energy Treatment, the Trivedi Effect^®, o-Nitrophenol, m-Nitrophenol, Isotopic Abundance, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

References

[1]	Boehncke A, Koennecker G, Mangelsdorf I, Wibbertmann A (2000) Concise international chemical assessment document 20, Mononitrophenols. World Health Organization, Geneva.
[2]	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/2-nitrophenol.
[3]	Ju KS, Parales RE (2010) Nitroaromatic compounds, from synthesis to biodegradation. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 74: 250-272.
[4]	Vernot EH, MacEwen JD, Haun CC, Kinkead ER (1977) Acute toxicity and skin corrosion data for some organic and inorganic compounds and aqueous solutions. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 42: 417-423
[5]	Vasilenko NM, Volodchenko VA, Baturina TS, Kolodub FA (1976) Toxicological peculiarities of mononitrophenols with regard for their isomeric form. Farmakol Toksikol (Moscow) 39: 718-721.
[6]	Sunahara GI, Lotufo G, Kuperman RG, Hawari J (2009) Ecotoxicology of explosives. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
[7]	Padda RSC, Wang JB, Kutty HR, Bennett GN (2003) Mutagenicity of nitroaromatic degradation compounds. Environ Toxicol Chem 22: 2293-2297.
[8]	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/2-nitrophenol#datasheet=lcss&section=Top.
[9]	http://www.clayton.edu/portals/690/chemistry/inventory/MSDS%203%20nitrophenol.pdf
[10]	Winderl C, Penning H, von Netzer F, Meckenstock RU, Lueders T (2010) DNA-SIP identifies sulfate-reducing Clostridia as important toluene degraders in tar-oil-contaminated aquifer sediment. The ISME Journal 4: 1314-1325.
[11]	Muccio Z, Jackson GP (2009) Isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Analyst 134: 213-222.
[12]	Ben-David M, Flaherty EA (2012) Stable isotopes in mammalian research: A beginner's guide. J Mammal 93: 312-328.
[13]	Scott, KM, Fox, G, Girguis PR (2011) Measuring isotope fractionation by autotrophic microorganisms and enzymes. Methods Enzymol 494: 281-299.
[14]	Morgan JLL, Skulan JL, Gordon GW, Romaniello SJ, Smith SM, Anbar AD (2012) Rapidly assessing changes in bone mineral balance using natural stable calcium isotopes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 109: 9989-9994.
[15]	Robert R, Seal II (2006) Sulfur isotope geochemistry of sulfide minerals. Rev Mineral Geochem 61: 633-677.
[16]	Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, Saikia G, Jana S (2015) Evaluation of isotopic abundance ratio of naphthalene derivatives after biofield energy treatment using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. American Journal of Applied Chemistry 3: 194-200.
[17]	Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, Saikia G, Jana S (2015) Isotopic abundance analysis of biofield treated benzene, toluene and p-xylene using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Mass Spectrom Open Access 1: 102.
[18]	Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, Saikia G, Jana S (2015) Influence of biofield energy treatment on isotopic abundance ratio in aniline derivatives. Mod Chem appl 3: 168.
[19]	Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, Saikia G, Jana S (2015) Quantitative determination of isotopic abundance ratio of ¹³C, ²H, and ¹⁸O in biofield energy treated ortho and meta toluic acid isomers. American Journal of Applied Chemistry 3: 217-223.
[20]	Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, Saikia G, Jana S (2015) Determination of isotopic abundance of ²H, ¹³C, ¹⁸O, and ³⁷Cl in biofield energy treated dichlorophenol isomers. Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry 4: 1-6.
[21]	Hammerschlag R, Jain S, Baldwin AL, Gronowicz G, Lutgendor SK, Oschman JL, Yount GL (2012) Biofield research: A roundtable discussion of scientific and methodological issues. J Altern Complement Med 18: 1081-1086.
[22]	Warber SL, Cornelio D, Straughn J, Kile G (2004) Biofield energy healing from the inside. J Altern Complement Med 10: 1107-1113.
[23]	Rubik B (2002) The biofield hypothesis: Its biophysical basis and role in medicine. J Altern Complement Med 8: 703-717.
[24]	Trivedi MK, Tallapragada RM, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, et al. (2015) Biofield treatment: an effective strategy for modulating the physical and thermal properties of o-nitrophenol, m-nitrophenol and p-tertiary butyl phenol. J Bioanal Biomed 7: 156-163.
[25]	Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, Saikia G, Jana S (2015) Characterization of physico-chemical and spectroscopic properties of biofield energy treated 4-bromoacetophenone. American Journal of Physical Chemistry 4: 30-37.
[26]	Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, Saikia G, Jana S (2015) Chromatographic, spectroscopic, and thermal characterization of biofield energy treated N, N-dimethylformamide. American Journal of Applied Chemistry 3: 188-193.
[27]	Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, Bairwa, K, Jana S (2015) Physicochemical and spectroscopic characteristics of biofield treated p-chlorobenzophenone. American Journal of Physical Chemistry 4: 48-57.
[28]	Jana S, Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, Saikia G. (2015) Physical and structural characterization of biofield energy treated carbazole. Pharm Anal Acta 6: 435.
[29]	Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, Saikia G, Jana S (2015) Physical and structural characterization of biofield treated imidazole derivatives. Nat Prod Chem Res 3: 187.
[30]	Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, Saikia G, Jana S (2015) Thermal, spectroscopic and chemical characterization of biofield energy treated anisole. Organic Chem Curr Res 4: 152.
[31]	Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, Bairwa K, Jana S (2015) Investigation of isotopic abundance ratio of biofield treated phenol derivatives using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatograph Separat Techniq S 6: 003.
[32]	Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, Gangwar M, Jana S (2015) Effect of biofield energy treatment on chlorophyll content, pathological study, and molecular analysis of cashew plant (Anacardium occidentale L.). Journal of Plant Sciences 3: 372-382.
[33]	Sances F, Flora E, Patil S, Spence A, Shinde V (2013) Impact of biofield treatment on ginseng and organic blueberry yield. Agrivita, J Agric Sci 35: 22-29.
[34]	Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, Mondal SC, Jana S (2015) Evaluation of plant growth, yield and yield attributes of biofield energy treated mustard (Brassica juncea) and chick pea (Cicer arietinum) seeds. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. 4: 291-295.
[35]	Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, Mondal SC, Jana S (2015) Morphological characterization, quality, yield and DNA fingerprinting of biofield energy treated alphonso mango (Mangifera indica L.). Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences 3: 245-250.
[36]	Nayak G, Altekar N (2015) Effect of a biofield treatment on plant growth and adaptation. J Environ Health Sci 1: 1-9.
[37]	Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, Bairwa K, Jana S (2015) Physical, thermal, and spectroscopic characterization of biofield energy treated murashige and skoog plant cell culture media. Cell Biology 3: 50-57.
[38]	Trivedi MK, Patil S, Shettigar H, Bairwa K, Jana S (2015) Effect of biofield treatment on spectral properties of paracetamol and piroxicam. Chem Sci J 6: 98.
[39]	Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Shettigar H, Bairwa K, Jana S (2015) Fourier transform infrared and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopic characterization of biofield treated salicylic acid and sparfloxacin. Nat Prod Chem Res 3: 186.
[40]	Trivedi MK, Patil S, Shettigar H, Singh R, Jana S (2015) An impact of biofield treatment on spectroscopic characterization of pharmaceutical compounds. Mod Chem Appl 3: 159.
[41]	Trivedi MK, Patil S, Shettigar H, Mondal SC, Jana S (2015) The potential impact of biofield treatment on human brain tumor cells: A time-lapse video microscopy. J Integr Oncol 4: 141.
[42]	Trivedi MK, Patil S, Shettigar H, Gangwar M, Jana S (2015) In vitro evaluation of biofield treatment on cancer biomarkers involved in endometrial and prostate cancer cell lines. J Cancer Sci Ther 7: 253-257.
[43]	Weisel CP, Park S, Pyo H, Mohan K, Witz G (2003) Use of stable isotopically labeled benzene to evaluate environmental exposures. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 13: 393-402.
[44]	Rosman KJR, Taylor PDP (1998) Isotopic compositions of the elements 1997 (Technical Report). Pure Appl Chem 70: 217-235.
[45]	Smith RM (2004) Understanding Mass Spectra: A Basic Approach, Second Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
[46]	Jürgen H (2004) Gross Mass Spectrometry: A Textbook (2^nd Edn) Springer: Berlin.
[47]	http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C88755&Mask=200#Mass-Spec.
[48]	Sparkman DO, Penton Z, Kitson FG (2011) Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry: A Practical Guide (2^nd Edn) Elsevier Inc.
[49]	http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C554847&Mask=200.
[50]	Gordon J (1998) Inside informatics, cambridgesoft.com Article ID: Isotopic Abundance.
[51]	Johnstone RAW, Rose ME (1996) Mass Spectrometry for Chemists and Biochemists (2^nd Edn) Cambridge university press.
[52]	http://www.chemguide.co.uk/analysis/masspec/mplus2.html.
[53]	http://www.chemguide.co.uk/analysis/masspec/mplus1.html.
[54]	http://www.chem.uoa.gr/applets/AppletMS/Appl_Ms2.html.
[55]	Wieser ME (2006) Atomic weights of the elements 2005. Pure Appl Chem 78: 2051-2066.
[56]	Vanhaecke F, Kyser K (2012) Isotopic composition of the elements In Isotopic Analysis: Fundamentals and applications using ICP-MS (1^st Edn), Edited by Vanhaecke F, Degryse P. Wiley-VCH GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
[57]	Asperger S (2003) Chemical Kinetics and Inorganic Reaction Mechanisms Springer science + Business media, New York.
[58]	http://www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/c06/e6-104-01-00.pdf.
[59]	Lomas JS, Thorne MP (1982) Structure and isotope effects upon the thermal decomposition of carbamates of highly congested tertiary alcohols. J Chem Soc, Perkin Trans 2 221-226.
[60]	www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2015/advanced-physicsprize2015. pdf
[61]	Balantekin AB (2013) Neutrinos and rare isotopes Journal of Physics: Conference Series 445 012022.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Kalyan Kumar Sethi, et al. (2016). Evaluation of Isotopic Abundance Ratio in Biofield Energy Treated Nitrophenol Derivatives Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. American Journal of Chemical Engineering, 4(3), 68-77. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20160403.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi; Alice Branton; Dahryn Trivedi; Gopal Nayak; Kalyan Kumar Sethi, et al. Evaluation of Isotopic Abundance Ratio in Biofield Energy Treated Nitrophenol Derivatives Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Am. J. Chem. Eng. 2016, 4(3), 68-77. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20160403.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Kalyan Kumar Sethi, et al. Evaluation of Isotopic Abundance Ratio in Biofield Energy Treated Nitrophenol Derivatives Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Am J Chem Eng. 2016;4(3):68-77. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20160403.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajche.20160403.11,
  author = {Mahendra Kumar Trivedi and Alice Branton and Dahryn Trivedi and Gopal Nayak and Kalyan Kumar Sethi and Snehasis Jana},
  title = {Evaluation of Isotopic Abundance Ratio in Biofield Energy Treated Nitrophenol Derivatives Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry},
  journal = {American Journal of Chemical Engineering},
  volume = {4},
  number = {3},
  pages = {68-77},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajche.20160403.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20160403.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajche.20160403.11},
  abstract = {Nitrophenols are the synthetic organic chemicals used for the preparation of synthetic intermediates, organophosphorus pesticides, and pharmaceuticals. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the isotopic abundance ratios of PM+1/PM, and PM+2/PM in o- and m-nitrophenol using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The o- and m-nitrophenol were divided into two parts - one part was control sample, and another part was considered as biofield energy treated sample, which received Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment (The Trivedi Effect®). The biofield energy treated nitrophenols having analyzed at different time intervals were designated as T1, T2, T3, and T4. The GC-MS analysis of both the control and biofield treated samples indicated the presence of the parent molecular ion peak of o- and m-nitrophenol (C6H5NO3+) at m/z 139 along with major fragmentation peaks at m/z 122, 109, 93, 81, 65, and 39. The relative peak intensities of the fragmented ions in the biofield treated o- and m-nitrophenol were notably changed as compared to the control sample with respect to the time. The isotopic abundance ratio analysis using GC-MS revealed that the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+1/PM in the biofield energy treated o-nitrophenol at T2 and T3 was significantly increased by 14.48 and 86.49%, respectively as compared to the control sample. Consequently, the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+2/PM in the biofield energy treated sample at T2 and T3 was increased by 11.36, and 82.95%, respectively as compared to the control sample. Similarly, in m-nitrophenol, the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+1/PM in the biofield energy treated sample at T1, T3, and T4 was increased by 5.82, 5.09, and 6.40%, respectively as compared to the control sample. Subsequently, the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+2/PM at T1, T2, T3 and T4 in the biofield energy treated m-nitrophenol was increased by 6.33, 3.80, 16.46, and 16.46%, respectively as compared to the control sample. Overall, the isotopic abundance ratios of PM+1/PM (2H/1H or 13C/12C or 15N/14N or 17O/16O), and PM+2/PM (18O/16O) were altered in the biofield energy treated o- and m-nitrophenol as compared to the control increased in most of the cases. The biofield treated o- and m-nitrophenol that have improved isotopic abundance ratios might have altered the physicochemical properties and could be useful in pharmaceutical and chemical industries as an intermediate in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals and other useful chemicals for the industrial application.},
 year = {2016}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Isotopic Abundance Ratio in Biofield Energy Treated Nitrophenol Derivatives Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
AU  - Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
AU  - Alice Branton
AU  - Dahryn Trivedi
AU  - Gopal Nayak
AU  - Kalyan Kumar Sethi
AU  - Snehasis Jana
Y1  - 2016/07/15
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20160403.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajche.20160403.11
T2  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
SP  - 68
EP  - 77
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8613
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20160403.11
AB  - Nitrophenols are the synthetic organic chemicals used for the preparation of synthetic intermediates, organophosphorus pesticides, and pharmaceuticals. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the isotopic abundance ratios of PM+1/PM, and PM+2/PM in o- and m-nitrophenol using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The o- and m-nitrophenol were divided into two parts - one part was control sample, and another part was considered as biofield energy treated sample, which received Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment (The Trivedi Effect®). The biofield energy treated nitrophenols having analyzed at different time intervals were designated as T1, T2, T3, and T4. The GC-MS analysis of both the control and biofield treated samples indicated the presence of the parent molecular ion peak of o- and m-nitrophenol (C6H5NO3+) at m/z 139 along with major fragmentation peaks at m/z 122, 109, 93, 81, 65, and 39. The relative peak intensities of the fragmented ions in the biofield treated o- and m-nitrophenol were notably changed as compared to the control sample with respect to the time. The isotopic abundance ratio analysis using GC-MS revealed that the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+1/PM in the biofield energy treated o-nitrophenol at T2 and T3 was significantly increased by 14.48 and 86.49%, respectively as compared to the control sample. Consequently, the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+2/PM in the biofield energy treated sample at T2 and T3 was increased by 11.36, and 82.95%, respectively as compared to the control sample. Similarly, in m-nitrophenol, the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+1/PM in the biofield energy treated sample at T1, T3, and T4 was increased by 5.82, 5.09, and 6.40%, respectively as compared to the control sample. Subsequently, the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+2/PM at T1, T2, T3 and T4 in the biofield energy treated m-nitrophenol was increased by 6.33, 3.80, 16.46, and 16.46%, respectively as compared to the control sample. Overall, the isotopic abundance ratios of PM+1/PM (2H/1H or 13C/12C or 15N/14N or 17O/16O), and PM+2/PM (18O/16O) were altered in the biofield energy treated o- and m-nitrophenol as compared to the control increased in most of the cases. The biofield treated o- and m-nitrophenol that have improved isotopic abundance ratios might have altered the physicochemical properties and could be useful in pharmaceutical and chemical industries as an intermediate in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals and other useful chemicals for the industrial application.
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi

Trivedi Global Inc., Henderson, USA
Alice Branton

Trivedi Global Inc., Henderson, USA
Dahryn Trivedi

Trivedi Global Inc., Henderson, USA
Gopal Nayak

Trivedi Global Inc., Henderson, USA
Kalyan Kumar Sethi

Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Snehasis Jana

Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Kalyan Kumar Sethi, et al. (2016). Evaluation of Isotopic Abundance Ratio in Biofield Energy Treated Nitrophenol Derivatives Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. American Journal of Chemical Engineering, 4(3), 68-77. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20160403.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi; Alice Branton; Dahryn Trivedi; Gopal Nayak; Kalyan Kumar Sethi, et al. Evaluation of Isotopic Abundance Ratio in Biofield Energy Treated Nitrophenol Derivatives Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Am. J. Chem. Eng. 2016, 4(3), 68-77. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20160403.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Kalyan Kumar Sethi, et al. Evaluation of Isotopic Abundance Ratio in Biofield Energy Treated Nitrophenol Derivatives Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Am J Chem Eng. 2016;4(3):68-77. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20160403.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajche.20160403.11,
  author = {Mahendra Kumar Trivedi and Alice Branton and Dahryn Trivedi and Gopal Nayak and Kalyan Kumar Sethi and Snehasis Jana},
  title = {Evaluation of Isotopic Abundance Ratio in Biofield Energy Treated Nitrophenol Derivatives Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry},
  journal = {American Journal of Chemical Engineering},
  volume = {4},
  number = {3},
  pages = {68-77},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajche.20160403.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20160403.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajche.20160403.11},
  abstract = {Nitrophenols are the synthetic organic chemicals used for the preparation of synthetic intermediates, organophosphorus pesticides, and pharmaceuticals. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the isotopic abundance ratios of PM+1/PM, and PM+2/PM in o- and m-nitrophenol using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The o- and m-nitrophenol were divided into two parts - one part was control sample, and another part was considered as biofield energy treated sample, which received Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment (The Trivedi Effect®). The biofield energy treated nitrophenols having analyzed at different time intervals were designated as T1, T2, T3, and T4. The GC-MS analysis of both the control and biofield treated samples indicated the presence of the parent molecular ion peak of o- and m-nitrophenol (C6H5NO3+) at m/z 139 along with major fragmentation peaks at m/z 122, 109, 93, 81, 65, and 39. The relative peak intensities of the fragmented ions in the biofield treated o- and m-nitrophenol were notably changed as compared to the control sample with respect to the time. The isotopic abundance ratio analysis using GC-MS revealed that the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+1/PM in the biofield energy treated o-nitrophenol at T2 and T3 was significantly increased by 14.48 and 86.49%, respectively as compared to the control sample. Consequently, the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+2/PM in the biofield energy treated sample at T2 and T3 was increased by 11.36, and 82.95%, respectively as compared to the control sample. Similarly, in m-nitrophenol, the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+1/PM in the biofield energy treated sample at T1, T3, and T4 was increased by 5.82, 5.09, and 6.40%, respectively as compared to the control sample. Subsequently, the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+2/PM at T1, T2, T3 and T4 in the biofield energy treated m-nitrophenol was increased by 6.33, 3.80, 16.46, and 16.46%, respectively as compared to the control sample. Overall, the isotopic abundance ratios of PM+1/PM (2H/1H or 13C/12C or 15N/14N or 17O/16O), and PM+2/PM (18O/16O) were altered in the biofield energy treated o- and m-nitrophenol as compared to the control increased in most of the cases. The biofield treated o- and m-nitrophenol that have improved isotopic abundance ratios might have altered the physicochemical properties and could be useful in pharmaceutical and chemical industries as an intermediate in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals and other useful chemicals for the industrial application.},
 year = {2016}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Isotopic Abundance Ratio in Biofield Energy Treated Nitrophenol Derivatives Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
AU  - Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
AU  - Alice Branton
AU  - Dahryn Trivedi
AU  - Gopal Nayak
AU  - Kalyan Kumar Sethi
AU  - Snehasis Jana
Y1  - 2016/07/15
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20160403.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajche.20160403.11
T2  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
SP  - 68
EP  - 77
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8613
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20160403.11
AB  - Nitrophenols are the synthetic organic chemicals used for the preparation of synthetic intermediates, organophosphorus pesticides, and pharmaceuticals. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the isotopic abundance ratios of PM+1/PM, and PM+2/PM in o- and m-nitrophenol using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The o- and m-nitrophenol were divided into two parts - one part was control sample, and another part was considered as biofield energy treated sample, which received Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment (The Trivedi Effect®). The biofield energy treated nitrophenols having analyzed at different time intervals were designated as T1, T2, T3, and T4. The GC-MS analysis of both the control and biofield treated samples indicated the presence of the parent molecular ion peak of o- and m-nitrophenol (C6H5NO3+) at m/z 139 along with major fragmentation peaks at m/z 122, 109, 93, 81, 65, and 39. The relative peak intensities of the fragmented ions in the biofield treated o- and m-nitrophenol were notably changed as compared to the control sample with respect to the time. The isotopic abundance ratio analysis using GC-MS revealed that the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+1/PM in the biofield energy treated o-nitrophenol at T2 and T3 was significantly increased by 14.48 and 86.49%, respectively as compared to the control sample. Consequently, the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+2/PM in the biofield energy treated sample at T2 and T3 was increased by 11.36, and 82.95%, respectively as compared to the control sample. Similarly, in m-nitrophenol, the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+1/PM in the biofield energy treated sample at T1, T3, and T4 was increased by 5.82, 5.09, and 6.40%, respectively as compared to the control sample. Subsequently, the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+2/PM at T1, T2, T3 and T4 in the biofield energy treated m-nitrophenol was increased by 6.33, 3.80, 16.46, and 16.46%, respectively as compared to the control sample. Overall, the isotopic abundance ratios of PM+1/PM (2H/1H or 13C/12C or 15N/14N or 17O/16O), and PM+2/PM (18O/16O) were altered in the biofield energy treated o- and m-nitrophenol as compared to the control increased in most of the cases. The biofield treated o- and m-nitrophenol that have improved isotopic abundance ratios might have altered the physicochemical properties and could be useful in pharmaceutical and chemical industries as an intermediate in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals and other useful chemicals for the industrial application.
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download