Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Pyrimidine Derivative by Hexacyanoferrate(III) in Aqueous Alkaline Medium: A Kinetic Study

Ahmed Fawzy; Ishaq Zaafarany; Fahd Turkistani; Jabir Alfahemi; Moataz Morad

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajche.20160402.12

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Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Pyrimidine Derivative by Hexacyanoferrate(III) in Aqueous Alkaline Medium: A Kinetic Study

Ahmed Fawzy, Ishaq Zaafarany, Fahd Turkistani, Jabir Alfahemi, Moataz Morad

Published in American Journal of Chemical Engineering (Volume 4, Issue 2)

Received: 10 March 2016 Accepted: 18 March 2016 Published: 31 March 2016

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Abstract

The of kinetics of oxidation of a pyrimidine derivative, N,N-dimethyl-N’-(pyrimidin-2-yl) formamidine (Pym-F), by hexacyanoferrate(III) (HCF) was studied in aqueous alkaline medium in the presence of palladium(II) catalyst. The reaction did not proceed in the absence of Pd(II) catalyst. The progress of the catalyzed reaction was followed spectrophotometrically. The reaction showed a first order kinetics in both [HCF] and [Pd(II)], and less than unit orders with respect to both [Pym-F] and [OH^-]. Increasing ionic strength and dielectric constant of the medium increased the reaction rate. A mechanistic scheme for the catalyzed oxidation reaction has been proposed. The final oxidation products are identified as 2-aminopyrimidine, dimethylamine and carbon dioxide. The rate law expression associated with the reaction mechanism is derived and the reaction constants involved in the different steps of the mechanism are calculated. The activation parameters with respect to the rate-determining step have been computed and discussed.

Published in	American Journal of Chemical Engineering (Volume 4, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajche.20160402.12
Page(s)	38-45
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Pyrimidine Derivative, Oxidation, Kinetics, Mechanism, Palladium(III), Hexacyanoferrate(III)

References

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APA Style

Ahmed Fawzy, Ishaq Zaafarany, Fahd Turkistani, Jabir Alfahemi, Moataz Morad. (2016). Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Pyrimidine Derivative by Hexacyanoferrate(III) in Aqueous Alkaline Medium: A Kinetic Study. American Journal of Chemical Engineering, 4(2), 38-45. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20160402.12

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ACS Style

Ahmed Fawzy; Ishaq Zaafarany; Fahd Turkistani; Jabir Alfahemi; Moataz Morad. Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Pyrimidine Derivative by Hexacyanoferrate(III) in Aqueous Alkaline Medium: A Kinetic Study. Am. J. Chem. Eng. 2016, 4(2), 38-45. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20160402.12

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AMA Style

Ahmed Fawzy, Ishaq Zaafarany, Fahd Turkistani, Jabir Alfahemi, Moataz Morad. Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Pyrimidine Derivative by Hexacyanoferrate(III) in Aqueous Alkaline Medium: A Kinetic Study. Am J Chem Eng. 2016;4(2):38-45. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20160402.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajche.20160402.12,
  author = {Ahmed Fawzy and Ishaq Zaafarany and Fahd Turkistani and Jabir Alfahemi and Moataz Morad},
  title = {Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Pyrimidine Derivative by Hexacyanoferrate(III) in Aqueous Alkaline Medium: A Kinetic Study},
  journal = {American Journal of Chemical Engineering},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {38-45},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajche.20160402.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20160402.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajche.20160402.12},
  abstract = {The of kinetics of oxidation of a pyrimidine derivative, N,N-dimethyl-N’-(pyrimidin-2-yl) formamidine (Pym-F), by hexacyanoferrate(III) (HCF) was studied in aqueous alkaline medium in the presence of palladium(II) catalyst. The reaction did not proceed in the absence of Pd(II) catalyst. The progress of the catalyzed reaction was followed spectrophotometrically. The reaction showed a first order kinetics in both [HCF] and [Pd(II)], and less than unit orders with respect to both [Pym-F] and [OH-]. Increasing ionic strength and dielectric constant of the medium increased the reaction rate. A mechanistic scheme for the catalyzed oxidation reaction has been proposed. The final oxidation products are identified as 2-aminopyrimidine, dimethylamine and carbon dioxide. The rate law expression associated with the reaction mechanism is derived and the reaction constants involved in the different steps of the mechanism are calculated. The activation parameters with respect to the rate-determining step have been computed and discussed.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Pyrimidine Derivative by Hexacyanoferrate(III) in Aqueous Alkaline Medium: A Kinetic Study
AU  - Ahmed Fawzy
AU  - Ishaq Zaafarany
AU  - Fahd Turkistani
AU  - Jabir Alfahemi
AU  - Moataz Morad
Y1  - 2016/03/31
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20160402.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajche.20160402.12
T2  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
SP  - 38
EP  - 45
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8613
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20160402.12
AB  - The of kinetics of oxidation of a pyrimidine derivative, N,N-dimethyl-N’-(pyrimidin-2-yl) formamidine (Pym-F), by hexacyanoferrate(III) (HCF) was studied in aqueous alkaline medium in the presence of palladium(II) catalyst. The reaction did not proceed in the absence of Pd(II) catalyst. The progress of the catalyzed reaction was followed spectrophotometrically. The reaction showed a first order kinetics in both [HCF] and [Pd(II)], and less than unit orders with respect to both [Pym-F] and [OH-]. Increasing ionic strength and dielectric constant of the medium increased the reaction rate. A mechanistic scheme for the catalyzed oxidation reaction has been proposed. The final oxidation products are identified as 2-aminopyrimidine, dimethylamine and carbon dioxide. The rate law expression associated with the reaction mechanism is derived and the reaction constants involved in the different steps of the mechanism are calculated. The activation parameters with respect to the rate-determining step have been computed and discussed.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Ahmed Fawzy

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Ishaq Zaafarany

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Fahd Turkistani

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Jabir Alfahemi

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Moataz Morad

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

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APA Style

Ahmed Fawzy, Ishaq Zaafarany, Fahd Turkistani, Jabir Alfahemi, Moataz Morad. (2016). Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Pyrimidine Derivative by Hexacyanoferrate(III) in Aqueous Alkaline Medium: A Kinetic Study. American Journal of Chemical Engineering, 4(2), 38-45. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20160402.12

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ACS Style

Ahmed Fawzy; Ishaq Zaafarany; Fahd Turkistani; Jabir Alfahemi; Moataz Morad. Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Pyrimidine Derivative by Hexacyanoferrate(III) in Aqueous Alkaline Medium: A Kinetic Study. Am. J. Chem. Eng. 2016, 4(2), 38-45. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20160402.12

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AMA Style

Ahmed Fawzy, Ishaq Zaafarany, Fahd Turkistani, Jabir Alfahemi, Moataz Morad. Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Pyrimidine Derivative by Hexacyanoferrate(III) in Aqueous Alkaline Medium: A Kinetic Study. Am J Chem Eng. 2016;4(2):38-45. doi: 10.11648/j.ajche.20160402.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajche.20160402.12,
  author = {Ahmed Fawzy and Ishaq Zaafarany and Fahd Turkistani and Jabir Alfahemi and Moataz Morad},
  title = {Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Pyrimidine Derivative by Hexacyanoferrate(III) in Aqueous Alkaline Medium: A Kinetic Study},
  journal = {American Journal of Chemical Engineering},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {38-45},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajche.20160402.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20160402.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajche.20160402.12},
  abstract = {The of kinetics of oxidation of a pyrimidine derivative, N,N-dimethyl-N’-(pyrimidin-2-yl) formamidine (Pym-F), by hexacyanoferrate(III) (HCF) was studied in aqueous alkaline medium in the presence of palladium(II) catalyst. The reaction did not proceed in the absence of Pd(II) catalyst. The progress of the catalyzed reaction was followed spectrophotometrically. The reaction showed a first order kinetics in both [HCF] and [Pd(II)], and less than unit orders with respect to both [Pym-F] and [OH-]. Increasing ionic strength and dielectric constant of the medium increased the reaction rate. A mechanistic scheme for the catalyzed oxidation reaction has been proposed. The final oxidation products are identified as 2-aminopyrimidine, dimethylamine and carbon dioxide. The rate law expression associated with the reaction mechanism is derived and the reaction constants involved in the different steps of the mechanism are calculated. The activation parameters with respect to the rate-determining step have been computed and discussed.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Pyrimidine Derivative by Hexacyanoferrate(III) in Aqueous Alkaline Medium: A Kinetic Study
AU  - Ahmed Fawzy
AU  - Ishaq Zaafarany
AU  - Fahd Turkistani
AU  - Jabir Alfahemi
AU  - Moataz Morad
Y1  - 2016/03/31
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20160402.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajche.20160402.12
T2  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Chemical Engineering
SP  - 38
EP  - 45
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8613
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajche.20160402.12
AB  - The of kinetics of oxidation of a pyrimidine derivative, N,N-dimethyl-N’-(pyrimidin-2-yl) formamidine (Pym-F), by hexacyanoferrate(III) (HCF) was studied in aqueous alkaline medium in the presence of palladium(II) catalyst. The reaction did not proceed in the absence of Pd(II) catalyst. The progress of the catalyzed reaction was followed spectrophotometrically. The reaction showed a first order kinetics in both [HCF] and [Pd(II)], and less than unit orders with respect to both [Pym-F] and [OH-]. Increasing ionic strength and dielectric constant of the medium increased the reaction rate. A mechanistic scheme for the catalyzed oxidation reaction has been proposed. The final oxidation products are identified as 2-aminopyrimidine, dimethylamine and carbon dioxide. The rate law expression associated with the reaction mechanism is derived and the reaction constants involved in the different steps of the mechanism are calculated. The activation parameters with respect to the rate-determining step have been computed and discussed.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  -

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