Inhalation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Facilitates Silica Particle Clearance in a Rat Silicosis Model

Wen-Chuan Li; Nai-Fang Fu; Jun-Cai Wu; Xian-Jun Li; Rui-Hui Pan; Yan-Yan Zheng; Yong-Jin Gan; Jian-An Ling; Heng-Qiu Liang; Dan-Yu Liang; Jing Xie; Zhi-Chao Dong; Sheng-Jun Jiang

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18

Inhalation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Facilitates Silica Particle Clearance in a Rat Silicosis Model

Wen-Chuan Li, Nai-Fang Fu, Jun-Cai Wu, Xian-Jun Li, Rui-Hui Pan, Yan-Yan Zheng, Yong-Jin Gan, Jian-An Ling, Heng-Qiu Liang, Dan-Yu Liang, Jing Xie, Zhi-Chao Dong, Sheng-Jun Jiang

Published in American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (Volume 4, Issue 6)

Received: 22 November 2016 Published: 24 November 2016

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Abstract

Background: Millions of workers globally are afflicted by pneumoconiosis, a disease caused by inhaling dust or particles. A particularly prevalent form is silicosis, caused by inhaling silica particles. The Chinese herbal medicine kombucha, which contains Gluconacetobacter xylinus and yeasts, can effectively clear dust from rats’ lungs. The study presented here assessed the potential effectiveness of inhalable bacterial cellulose nanofibers (IBCNs) prepared from G. xylinus cultures for facilitating clearance of silica particles in a rat silicosis model. Methods: For this purpose, 50 mg portions of silica dust were injected into lungs of rats, which were subsequently exposed to IBCNs for a month. The treatment’s effects were then evaluated by examining the extent and severity of histopathological lesions in the animals’ lungs, analyzing gas contents of blood samples, and determining organ coefficients, lung collagen contents, lungs’ dry and wet weights, silica particle clearance rates, and both numbers and types of cells in lung lavage fluid. Results: IBCN inhalation was found to relieve the detrimental effects of silica exposure and facilitated silica particle clearance in a rat silicosis model. Unexpectedly, our results also indicated that saline inhalation also strongly stimulates silica particle clearance from rat lungs. Conclusions: These results provide the first evidence for a functional effect of IBCN inhalation in a rat silicosis model, indicating that bacterial cellulose nanofiber inhalation can facilitate silica particle clearance. Further studies are required to determine whether these effects are mediated by IBCN and define the mechanisms involved. The findings also indicate that salt water may effectively clear dust from lungs, thereby alleviating risks of silicosis and reducing risks associated with haze and smog.

Published in	American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (Volume 4, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18
Page(s)	204-211
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Inhalable Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers, Rat, Silica Particle, Silicosis, Saline Water

References

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APA Style

Wen-Chuan Li, Nai-Fang Fu, Jun-Cai Wu, Xian-Jun Li, Rui-Hui Pan, et al. (2016). Inhalation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Facilitates Silica Particle Clearance in a Rat Silicosis Model. American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 4(6), 204-211. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18

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ACS Style

Wen-Chuan Li; Nai-Fang Fu; Jun-Cai Wu; Xian-Jun Li; Rui-Hui Pan, et al. Inhalation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Facilitates Silica Particle Clearance in a Rat Silicosis Model. Am. J. Clin. Exp. Med. 2016, 4(6), 204-211. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18

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AMA Style

Wen-Chuan Li, Nai-Fang Fu, Jun-Cai Wu, Xian-Jun Li, Rui-Hui Pan, et al. Inhalation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Facilitates Silica Particle Clearance in a Rat Silicosis Model. Am J Clin Exp Med. 2016;4(6):204-211. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18

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@article{10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18,
  author = {Wen-Chuan Li and Nai-Fang Fu and Jun-Cai Wu and Xian-Jun Li and Rui-Hui Pan and Yan-Yan Zheng and Yong-Jin Gan and Jian-An Ling and Heng-Qiu Liang and Dan-Yu Liang and Jing Xie and Zhi-Chao Dong and Sheng-Jun Jiang},
  title = {Inhalation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Facilitates Silica Particle Clearance in a Rat Silicosis Model},
  journal = {American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine},
  volume = {4},
  number = {6},
  pages = {204-211},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcem.20160406.18},
  abstract = {Background: Millions of workers globally are afflicted by pneumoconiosis, a disease caused by inhaling dust or particles. A particularly prevalent form is silicosis, caused by inhaling silica particles. The Chinese herbal medicine kombucha, which contains Gluconacetobacter xylinus and yeasts, can effectively clear dust from rats’ lungs. The study presented here assessed the potential effectiveness of inhalable bacterial cellulose nanofibers (IBCNs) prepared from G. xylinus cultures for facilitating clearance of silica particles in a rat silicosis model. Methods: For this purpose, 50 mg portions of silica dust were injected into lungs of rats, which were subsequently exposed to IBCNs for a month. The treatment’s effects were then evaluated by examining the extent and severity of histopathological lesions in the animals’ lungs, analyzing gas contents of blood samples, and determining organ coefficients, lung collagen contents, lungs’ dry and wet weights, silica particle clearance rates, and both numbers and types of cells in lung lavage fluid. Results: IBCN inhalation was found to relieve the detrimental effects of silica exposure and facilitated silica particle clearance in a rat silicosis model. Unexpectedly, our results also indicated that saline inhalation also strongly stimulates silica particle clearance from rat lungs. Conclusions: These results provide the first evidence for a functional effect of IBCN inhalation in a rat silicosis model, indicating that bacterial cellulose nanofiber inhalation can facilitate silica particle clearance. Further studies are required to determine whether these effects are mediated by IBCN and define the mechanisms involved. The findings also indicate that salt water may effectively clear dust from lungs, thereby alleviating risks of silicosis and reducing risks associated with haze and smog.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Inhalation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Facilitates Silica Particle Clearance in a Rat Silicosis Model
AU  - Wen-Chuan Li
AU  - Nai-Fang Fu
AU  - Jun-Cai Wu
AU  - Xian-Jun Li
AU  - Rui-Hui Pan
AU  - Yan-Yan Zheng
AU  - Yong-Jin Gan
AU  - Jian-An Ling
AU  - Heng-Qiu Liang
AU  - Dan-Yu Liang
AU  - Jing Xie
AU  - Zhi-Chao Dong
AU  - Sheng-Jun Jiang
Y1  - 2016/11/24
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18
T2  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
SP  - 204
EP  - 211
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8133
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18
AB  - Background: Millions of workers globally are afflicted by pneumoconiosis, a disease caused by inhaling dust or particles. A particularly prevalent form is silicosis, caused by inhaling silica particles. The Chinese herbal medicine kombucha, which contains Gluconacetobacter xylinus and yeasts, can effectively clear dust from rats’ lungs. The study presented here assessed the potential effectiveness of inhalable bacterial cellulose nanofibers (IBCNs) prepared from G. xylinus cultures for facilitating clearance of silica particles in a rat silicosis model. Methods: For this purpose, 50 mg portions of silica dust were injected into lungs of rats, which were subsequently exposed to IBCNs for a month. The treatment’s effects were then evaluated by examining the extent and severity of histopathological lesions in the animals’ lungs, analyzing gas contents of blood samples, and determining organ coefficients, lung collagen contents, lungs’ dry and wet weights, silica particle clearance rates, and both numbers and types of cells in lung lavage fluid. Results: IBCN inhalation was found to relieve the detrimental effects of silica exposure and facilitated silica particle clearance in a rat silicosis model. Unexpectedly, our results also indicated that saline inhalation also strongly stimulates silica particle clearance from rat lungs. Conclusions: These results provide the first evidence for a functional effect of IBCN inhalation in a rat silicosis model, indicating that bacterial cellulose nanofiber inhalation can facilitate silica particle clearance. Further studies are required to determine whether these effects are mediated by IBCN and define the mechanisms involved. The findings also indicate that salt water may effectively clear dust from lungs, thereby alleviating risks of silicosis and reducing risks associated with haze and smog.
VL  - 4
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Wen-Chuan Li

Graduate College of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise, China
Nai-Fang Fu

Tropical Crop Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Science, Danzhou, China
Jun-Cai Wu

Tropical Crop Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Science, Danzhou, China
Xian-Jun Li

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Chemical Toxicity Testing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Nanning, China
Rui-Hui Pan

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Chemical Toxicity Testing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Nanning, China
Yan-Yan Zheng

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Chemical Toxicity Testing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Nanning, China
Yong-Jin Gan

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Chemical Toxicity Testing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Nanning, China
Jian-An Ling

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Chemical Toxicity Testing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Nanning, China
Heng-Qiu Liang

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Chemical Toxicity Testing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Nanning, China
Dan-Yu Liang

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Chemical Toxicity Testing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Nanning, China
Jing Xie

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Chemical Toxicity Testing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Nanning, China
Zhi-Chao Dong

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Chemical Toxicity Testing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Nanning, China
Sheng-Jun Jiang

Tropical Crop Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Science, Danzhou, China

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APA Style

Wen-Chuan Li, Nai-Fang Fu, Jun-Cai Wu, Xian-Jun Li, Rui-Hui Pan, et al. (2016). Inhalation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Facilitates Silica Particle Clearance in a Rat Silicosis Model. American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 4(6), 204-211. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18

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ACS Style

Wen-Chuan Li; Nai-Fang Fu; Jun-Cai Wu; Xian-Jun Li; Rui-Hui Pan, et al. Inhalation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Facilitates Silica Particle Clearance in a Rat Silicosis Model. Am. J. Clin. Exp. Med. 2016, 4(6), 204-211. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18

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AMA Style

Wen-Chuan Li, Nai-Fang Fu, Jun-Cai Wu, Xian-Jun Li, Rui-Hui Pan, et al. Inhalation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Facilitates Silica Particle Clearance in a Rat Silicosis Model. Am J Clin Exp Med. 2016;4(6):204-211. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18

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@article{10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18,
  author = {Wen-Chuan Li and Nai-Fang Fu and Jun-Cai Wu and Xian-Jun Li and Rui-Hui Pan and Yan-Yan Zheng and Yong-Jin Gan and Jian-An Ling and Heng-Qiu Liang and Dan-Yu Liang and Jing Xie and Zhi-Chao Dong and Sheng-Jun Jiang},
  title = {Inhalation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Facilitates Silica Particle Clearance in a Rat Silicosis Model},
  journal = {American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine},
  volume = {4},
  number = {6},
  pages = {204-211},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcem.20160406.18},
  abstract = {Background: Millions of workers globally are afflicted by pneumoconiosis, a disease caused by inhaling dust or particles. A particularly prevalent form is silicosis, caused by inhaling silica particles. The Chinese herbal medicine kombucha, which contains Gluconacetobacter xylinus and yeasts, can effectively clear dust from rats’ lungs. The study presented here assessed the potential effectiveness of inhalable bacterial cellulose nanofibers (IBCNs) prepared from G. xylinus cultures for facilitating clearance of silica particles in a rat silicosis model. Methods: For this purpose, 50 mg portions of silica dust were injected into lungs of rats, which were subsequently exposed to IBCNs for a month. The treatment’s effects were then evaluated by examining the extent and severity of histopathological lesions in the animals’ lungs, analyzing gas contents of blood samples, and determining organ coefficients, lung collagen contents, lungs’ dry and wet weights, silica particle clearance rates, and both numbers and types of cells in lung lavage fluid. Results: IBCN inhalation was found to relieve the detrimental effects of silica exposure and facilitated silica particle clearance in a rat silicosis model. Unexpectedly, our results also indicated that saline inhalation also strongly stimulates silica particle clearance from rat lungs. Conclusions: These results provide the first evidence for a functional effect of IBCN inhalation in a rat silicosis model, indicating that bacterial cellulose nanofiber inhalation can facilitate silica particle clearance. Further studies are required to determine whether these effects are mediated by IBCN and define the mechanisms involved. The findings also indicate that salt water may effectively clear dust from lungs, thereby alleviating risks of silicosis and reducing risks associated with haze and smog.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Inhalation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Facilitates Silica Particle Clearance in a Rat Silicosis Model
AU  - Wen-Chuan Li
AU  - Nai-Fang Fu
AU  - Jun-Cai Wu
AU  - Xian-Jun Li
AU  - Rui-Hui Pan
AU  - Yan-Yan Zheng
AU  - Yong-Jin Gan
AU  - Jian-An Ling
AU  - Heng-Qiu Liang
AU  - Dan-Yu Liang
AU  - Jing Xie
AU  - Zhi-Chao Dong
AU  - Sheng-Jun Jiang
Y1  - 2016/11/24
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18
T2  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
SP  - 204
EP  - 211
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8133
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18
AB  - Background: Millions of workers globally are afflicted by pneumoconiosis, a disease caused by inhaling dust or particles. A particularly prevalent form is silicosis, caused by inhaling silica particles. The Chinese herbal medicine kombucha, which contains Gluconacetobacter xylinus and yeasts, can effectively clear dust from rats’ lungs. The study presented here assessed the potential effectiveness of inhalable bacterial cellulose nanofibers (IBCNs) prepared from G. xylinus cultures for facilitating clearance of silica particles in a rat silicosis model. Methods: For this purpose, 50 mg portions of silica dust were injected into lungs of rats, which were subsequently exposed to IBCNs for a month. The treatment’s effects were then evaluated by examining the extent and severity of histopathological lesions in the animals’ lungs, analyzing gas contents of blood samples, and determining organ coefficients, lung collagen contents, lungs’ dry and wet weights, silica particle clearance rates, and both numbers and types of cells in lung lavage fluid. Results: IBCN inhalation was found to relieve the detrimental effects of silica exposure and facilitated silica particle clearance in a rat silicosis model. Unexpectedly, our results also indicated that saline inhalation also strongly stimulates silica particle clearance from rat lungs. Conclusions: These results provide the first evidence for a functional effect of IBCN inhalation in a rat silicosis model, indicating that bacterial cellulose nanofiber inhalation can facilitate silica particle clearance. Further studies are required to determine whether these effects are mediated by IBCN and define the mechanisms involved. The findings also indicate that salt water may effectively clear dust from lungs, thereby alleviating risks of silicosis and reducing risks associated with haze and smog.
VL  - 4
IS  - 6
ER  -

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