Interaction Mechanism of the Frost Heaving of the Filler and Skeleton Particles in a Micro-Frost-Heaving Filling Material

Xiaoyan Du; Yangsheng Ye; Qianli Zhang; Degou Cai

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajce.20180604.11

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Interaction Mechanism of the Frost Heaving of the Filler and Skeleton Particles in a Micro-Frost-Heaving Filling Material

Xiaoyan Du, Yangsheng Ye, Qianli Zhang, Degou Cai

Published in American Journal of Civil Engineering (Volume 6, Issue 4)

Received: 10 June 2018 Accepted: 16 July 2018 Published: 14 September 2018

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Abstract

To address the adverse effects of the frost heaving of subgrades in regions with seasonal frozen soil on the smoothness of high-speed railway tracks, the effects of several factors—including filler, water content and external loading—on a micro-frost-heaving (MFH) filling material were studied through laboratory experiments and theoretical analysis. In addition, the interaction mechanism between the filler and skeleton particles during the frost heaving process was analyzed. The results show the following: The MFH filling material was composed of a coarse-grained skeleton, a filler between skeleton particles and the remaining unfilled voids. When the filling ratio of the filler was 0.25, the filling material underwent initial macroscopic frost heaving. An overlying load could inhibit the filling material from frost heaving. During the frost heaving process, the volume of coarse skeleton particles with high stiffness remained almost unchanged, whereas the filler expanded in volume and thus filled the remaining voids between skeleton particles and lifted the skeleton particles, resulting in macroscopic frost heaving of the filling material. When their ratio was relatively high, the remaining voids between skeleton particles had a strong absorptivity and weakened the capacity of the filler to lift the skeleton particles. The filler raised the skeleton particles, resulting in an increase in the gaps between them, which in turn facilitated the filling action of the filler. When the skeleton structure was stable, the filling action of the filler was more pronounced. The frost heaving of an MFH filling material is in fact a dynamic equilibrium process between the filling and lifting actions of the filler.

Published in	American Journal of Civil Engineering (Volume 6, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajce.20180604.11
Page(s)	109-117
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Frozen Soil Subgrade, Seasonal Frozen Soil, Micro-Frost-Heaving Filling Material, Skeleton Particle, Filler, Frost Heaving Mechanism

References

[1]	Y. S. Ye (2004). Railway subgrade filling material classification. China Railway Science. pp. 35–41.
[2]	X. Du (2015). A Study on the Frost Heave Mechanism of Micro-Frost-Heave Filling based on The Interaction of Frost Heave of Filling Material and Coarse Particles Skeleton. Beijing: China Academy of Railway Sciences.
[3]	Y. S. Ye, Q. L. Zhang (2016). Study on Frost Heaving Law of filling featuring micro frost heaving for high speed railway subgrade. China Railway Science. pp. 82–85.
[4]	Y. Guo (2016). Study on the effect of subgrade Frost Heaving on the deformation properties of track structure and ITS vehicle dynamic behavior in high speed railway. Master Degree Thesis. Southwest Jiao Tong University.
[5]	J. F. Zheng, S. P. Zhao, W. Ma, et al. (2009). Study of the effect of freezing on frozen soil specimen preparation. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology. Vol. 31, pp. 130–138.
[6]	Y. P. Liu (2016). Treatment technology of subgrade Frost Heaving for high speed railway in severe cold area. Railway Engineering. pp. 92–97.
[7]	C. Y. Zhang (2018). Research on the Frost-heave performances of filling material consisted of coarse grained soil for high－speed railway subgrade. Journal of Railway Engineering Society.
[8]	J. Y. Leng (2015). Experimental research of the subgrade padding Frost Heaving of high-speed railway. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology. Vol. 37, pp. 440–445.
[9]	J. Lan (2016). Experimental study on Frost Heave performance improvement of coarse grain filling in high speed railway subgrade. China Railway Science. pp. 105.
[10]	Y. Tian, J. Liu and L. Peng (2010). Experimental study on frost action of fine-grained soils under dynamic and static loads. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering. Vol. 32, pp. 1882–1888.
[11]	C. Wang, R. Zhang, X. Zhao, et al. (2014). Frost heaving monitoring system and frost heaving rules for the high-speed railway embankment in the seasonally frozen soil regions. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology. Vol. 36, pp. 962–968.
[12]	H. Zhao, H. Yan, Q. Zhang, et al. (2014). Study on frost-heave performances of filling material consisted of coarse grained soils for subgrade bed in season frozen region. Railway Engineering. pp. 92–94.
[13]	L. Jiang, L. Wang, X. Zhang, et al. (2009). Experiment on normal frozen-heave force of low liquid-limit clay of highway roadbed in seasonal frost region. China Journal of Highway and Transport. Vol. 2.
[14]	X. Du, Y. Ye, Q. Zhang, et al. (2016). Proposal to apply anti-frost filling material of high speed railway subgrade in seasonal frozen soil region. Railway Engineering. pp. 43–46.
[15]	G. T. Zhao (2017). Distribution features of fine-grain in filling material of High－speed railway subgrade and its impact on Frost Heaving. RNAL of Railway Engineering Society.
[16]	M. L. Zhao (2016). Research on Anti-Frost design for railway subgrade in seasonal Frozen earth area. China Railway Economic Planning and Research Institute. pp. 42–49.
[17]	Q. Zhang, Z. Han, B. Lü (2005). Analysis and design method of subgrade bed in high speed railway. China Railway Science. pp. 55–59.
[18]	Z. Q. Wang (2017). Study on the Frost Heaving behavior and strength of coarse-grained fillings form high-speed railway sungrade in cold region. Master Degree Thesis. Beijing Jiao Tong University.

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APA Style

Xiaoyan Du, Yangsheng Ye, Qianli Zhang, Degou Cai. (2018). Interaction Mechanism of the Frost Heaving of the Filler and Skeleton Particles in a Micro-Frost-Heaving Filling Material. American Journal of Civil Engineering, 6(4), 109-117. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20180604.11

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ACS Style

Xiaoyan Du; Yangsheng Ye; Qianli Zhang; Degou Cai. Interaction Mechanism of the Frost Heaving of the Filler and Skeleton Particles in a Micro-Frost-Heaving Filling Material. Am. J. Civ. Eng. 2018, 6(4), 109-117. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20180604.11

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AMA Style

Xiaoyan Du, Yangsheng Ye, Qianli Zhang, Degou Cai. Interaction Mechanism of the Frost Heaving of the Filler and Skeleton Particles in a Micro-Frost-Heaving Filling Material. Am J Civ Eng. 2018;6(4):109-117. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20180604.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajce.20180604.11,
  author = {Xiaoyan Du and Yangsheng Ye and Qianli Zhang and Degou Cai},
  title = {Interaction Mechanism of the Frost Heaving of the Filler and Skeleton Particles in a Micro-Frost-Heaving Filling Material},
  journal = {American Journal of Civil Engineering},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {109-117},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajce.20180604.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20180604.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajce.20180604.11},
  abstract = {To address the adverse effects of the frost heaving of subgrades in regions with seasonal frozen soil on the smoothness of high-speed railway tracks, the effects of several factors—including filler, water content and external loading—on a micro-frost-heaving (MFH) filling material were studied through laboratory experiments and theoretical analysis. In addition, the interaction mechanism between the filler and skeleton particles during the frost heaving process was analyzed. The results show the following: The MFH filling material was composed of a coarse-grained skeleton, a filler between skeleton particles and the remaining unfilled voids. When the filling ratio of the filler was 0.25, the filling material underwent initial macroscopic frost heaving. An overlying load could inhibit the filling material from frost heaving. During the frost heaving process, the volume of coarse skeleton particles with high stiffness remained almost unchanged, whereas the filler expanded in volume and thus filled the remaining voids between skeleton particles and lifted the skeleton particles, resulting in macroscopic frost heaving of the filling material. When their ratio was relatively high, the remaining voids between skeleton particles had a strong absorptivity and weakened the capacity of the filler to lift the skeleton particles. The filler raised the skeleton particles, resulting in an increase in the gaps between them, which in turn facilitated the filling action of the filler. When the skeleton structure was stable, the filling action of the filler was more pronounced. The frost heaving of an MFH filling material is in fact a dynamic equilibrium process between the filling and lifting actions of the filler.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Interaction Mechanism of the Frost Heaving of the Filler and Skeleton Particles in a Micro-Frost-Heaving Filling Material
AU  - Xiaoyan Du
AU  - Yangsheng Ye
AU  - Qianli Zhang
AU  - Degou Cai
Y1  - 2018/09/14
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20180604.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajce.20180604.11
T2  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
SP  - 109
EP  - 117
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8737
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20180604.11
AB  - To address the adverse effects of the frost heaving of subgrades in regions with seasonal frozen soil on the smoothness of high-speed railway tracks, the effects of several factors—including filler, water content and external loading—on a micro-frost-heaving (MFH) filling material were studied through laboratory experiments and theoretical analysis. In addition, the interaction mechanism between the filler and skeleton particles during the frost heaving process was analyzed. The results show the following: The MFH filling material was composed of a coarse-grained skeleton, a filler between skeleton particles and the remaining unfilled voids. When the filling ratio of the filler was 0.25, the filling material underwent initial macroscopic frost heaving. An overlying load could inhibit the filling material from frost heaving. During the frost heaving process, the volume of coarse skeleton particles with high stiffness remained almost unchanged, whereas the filler expanded in volume and thus filled the remaining voids between skeleton particles and lifted the skeleton particles, resulting in macroscopic frost heaving of the filling material. When their ratio was relatively high, the remaining voids between skeleton particles had a strong absorptivity and weakened the capacity of the filler to lift the skeleton particles. The filler raised the skeleton particles, resulting in an increase in the gaps between them, which in turn facilitated the filling action of the filler. When the skeleton structure was stable, the filling action of the filler was more pronounced. The frost heaving of an MFH filling material is in fact a dynamic equilibrium process between the filling and lifting actions of the filler.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Xiaoyan Du

State Key Laboratory for Track Technology of High-Speed Railway, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited, Beijing, China
Yangsheng Ye

State Key Laboratory for Track Technology of High-Speed Railway, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited, Beijing, China
Qianli Zhang

State Key Laboratory for Track Technology of High-Speed Railway, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited, Beijing, China
Degou Cai

State Key Laboratory for Track Technology of High-Speed Railway, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited, Beijing, China

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APA Style

Xiaoyan Du, Yangsheng Ye, Qianli Zhang, Degou Cai. (2018). Interaction Mechanism of the Frost Heaving of the Filler and Skeleton Particles in a Micro-Frost-Heaving Filling Material. American Journal of Civil Engineering, 6(4), 109-117. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20180604.11

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ACS Style

Xiaoyan Du; Yangsheng Ye; Qianli Zhang; Degou Cai. Interaction Mechanism of the Frost Heaving of the Filler and Skeleton Particles in a Micro-Frost-Heaving Filling Material. Am. J. Civ. Eng. 2018, 6(4), 109-117. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20180604.11

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AMA Style

Xiaoyan Du, Yangsheng Ye, Qianli Zhang, Degou Cai. Interaction Mechanism of the Frost Heaving of the Filler and Skeleton Particles in a Micro-Frost-Heaving Filling Material. Am J Civ Eng. 2018;6(4):109-117. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20180604.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajce.20180604.11,
  author = {Xiaoyan Du and Yangsheng Ye and Qianli Zhang and Degou Cai},
  title = {Interaction Mechanism of the Frost Heaving of the Filler and Skeleton Particles in a Micro-Frost-Heaving Filling Material},
  journal = {American Journal of Civil Engineering},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {109-117},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajce.20180604.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20180604.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajce.20180604.11},
  abstract = {To address the adverse effects of the frost heaving of subgrades in regions with seasonal frozen soil on the smoothness of high-speed railway tracks, the effects of several factors—including filler, water content and external loading—on a micro-frost-heaving (MFH) filling material were studied through laboratory experiments and theoretical analysis. In addition, the interaction mechanism between the filler and skeleton particles during the frost heaving process was analyzed. The results show the following: The MFH filling material was composed of a coarse-grained skeleton, a filler between skeleton particles and the remaining unfilled voids. When the filling ratio of the filler was 0.25, the filling material underwent initial macroscopic frost heaving. An overlying load could inhibit the filling material from frost heaving. During the frost heaving process, the volume of coarse skeleton particles with high stiffness remained almost unchanged, whereas the filler expanded in volume and thus filled the remaining voids between skeleton particles and lifted the skeleton particles, resulting in macroscopic frost heaving of the filling material. When their ratio was relatively high, the remaining voids between skeleton particles had a strong absorptivity and weakened the capacity of the filler to lift the skeleton particles. The filler raised the skeleton particles, resulting in an increase in the gaps between them, which in turn facilitated the filling action of the filler. When the skeleton structure was stable, the filling action of the filler was more pronounced. The frost heaving of an MFH filling material is in fact a dynamic equilibrium process between the filling and lifting actions of the filler.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Interaction Mechanism of the Frost Heaving of the Filler and Skeleton Particles in a Micro-Frost-Heaving Filling Material
AU  - Xiaoyan Du
AU  - Yangsheng Ye
AU  - Qianli Zhang
AU  - Degou Cai
Y1  - 2018/09/14
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20180604.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajce.20180604.11
T2  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
SP  - 109
EP  - 117
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8737
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20180604.11
AB  - To address the adverse effects of the frost heaving of subgrades in regions with seasonal frozen soil on the smoothness of high-speed railway tracks, the effects of several factors—including filler, water content and external loading—on a micro-frost-heaving (MFH) filling material were studied through laboratory experiments and theoretical analysis. In addition, the interaction mechanism between the filler and skeleton particles during the frost heaving process was analyzed. The results show the following: The MFH filling material was composed of a coarse-grained skeleton, a filler between skeleton particles and the remaining unfilled voids. When the filling ratio of the filler was 0.25, the filling material underwent initial macroscopic frost heaving. An overlying load could inhibit the filling material from frost heaving. During the frost heaving process, the volume of coarse skeleton particles with high stiffness remained almost unchanged, whereas the filler expanded in volume and thus filled the remaining voids between skeleton particles and lifted the skeleton particles, resulting in macroscopic frost heaving of the filling material. When their ratio was relatively high, the remaining voids between skeleton particles had a strong absorptivity and weakened the capacity of the filler to lift the skeleton particles. The filler raised the skeleton particles, resulting in an increase in the gaps between them, which in turn facilitated the filling action of the filler. When the skeleton structure was stable, the filling action of the filler was more pronounced. The frost heaving of an MFH filling material is in fact a dynamic equilibrium process between the filling and lifting actions of the filler.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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