This project evaluates the performance of pozzolana cement elements produced from alternative raw materials with a view using them in low-cost housing. It also seeks the reduction of waste from agricultural sources and the cost of sandcrete blocks by using locally available materials. The need to find alternative materials to replace existing conventional ones has necessitated research into substitutes to cement with a view to investigating their usefulness to wholly or partly substitute ordinary Portland cement in the production of sandcrete blocks. This project investigates the possible use of Corn Cob Ash (CCA) as a partial replacement of cement in sandcrete block production. 140 no. 450mmx150mm×225mm solid sandcrete blocks of mix ratio 1:8 were cast, cured and crushed at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. The corn cob ash was replaced at 0 to 40 percent levels at 5% intervals. The maximum compressive strength of 2.10 N/mm2 was recorded at 30% replacement on the 28th day. After 12 months of exposure under northern savannah climatic conditions, the compressive strength remained stable or even increased with the weathering exposure. The maximum value of 2.10N/mm2 for the 30% replacement level is found suitable and recommended for building construction having attained a 28-day compressive strength of more than 2.0N/mm2 as required by the National Building Code for non load bearing walls.
| Published in | American Journal of Civil Engineering (Volume 4, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajce.20160403.12 |
| Page(s) | 74-79 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Pozzolana-Cement, Construction Materials, Low-Cost Housing, Sandcrete, Corn Cob Ash, Northern Savannah, Ghana
| [1] | Bentur A. Fiber-reinforced cementitious materials. In: Skalny JP, editor. Materials science of concrete. Waterville: The American Ceramic Society; 1989. p. 223–84. |
| [2] | Heinricks H, Berkenkamp R, Lempfer K, Ferchland H-J. Global review of technologies and markets for building materials. In: Moslemi AA, editor. Proceedings of the 7th International Inorganic- Bonded Wood and Fiber Composite Materials Conference. Moscow: University of Idaho; 2000. 12p. [Siempelkamp Handling Systems report]. |
| [3] | Harrison PTC, Levy LS, Pratrick G, Pigott GH, SmithLL. Comparative hazards of chrysotile asbestos and its substitutes: a European perspective. Environ Health Perspect 1999; 107(8): 60711. |
| [4] | Giannasi F, Thebaud-Mony A. Occupational exposures to asbestos in Brazil. Int J Occupat Environ Health 1997; 3(2): 15 0–7. |
| [5] | Wood IM. Fibre crops: new opportunities for Australian agriculture. Brisbane: Department of Primary Industries Queensland; 1997. 102p. |
| [6] | John VM, Zordan SE. Research and development methodology for recycling residues as building materials––a proposal. Waste Mgmt 2001; 21: 213–9. |
| [7] | Swamy RN. Design for durability and strength through the use of fly ash and slag in concrete. In: Malhotra VM, editor. Proceedings of the 3rd CANMET/ACI International Conference on Advances in Concrete Technology. Auckland: ACI Publication SP-171-1; 1997. p. 1–72. |
| [8] | Oliveira CTA, John VM, Agopyan V. Pore water composition of activated granulated blast furnace slag cements pastes. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Alkaline |
| [9] | Cements and Concretes. Kiev: Kiev State Technical University of Construction and Architecture; 1999. p. 18–20. |
| [10] | Savastano Jr H, Warden PG, Coutts RSP. Brazilian waste fibres as reinforcement for cement based composites. Cem Concr Compos 2000; 22(5): 379–84. |
| [11] | Zhu WH, Tobias BC, Coutts RSP, Langfors G. Air-cured banana-fibre–reinforced cement composites. Cem Concr Compos 1994; 16(1): 3–8. |
| [12] | Higgins HG. Paper physics in Australia. Melbourne: CSIRO Division of Forestry and Forest Products; 1996. |
| [13] | Coutts RSP, Ridikas V. Refined wood fibre-cement products. Appita 1982; 35(5): 395–400. |
| [14] | Eusebio DA, Cabangon RJ, Warden PG, Coutts RSP. The manufacture of wood fibre reinforced cement composites from Eucalyptus pellita and Acacia mangium chemi-thermomechanical pulp. In: Proceedings of the 4th Pacific Rim Bio-Based Composites Symposium. Bogor: Bogor Agricultural University; 1998. p. 428–36. |
| [15] | Coutts RSP, Kightly P. Bonding in wood fibre-cement composites. J Mater Sci 1984; 19:3355–9. Coutts RSP. Wood fibre reinforced cement composites. In: Swamy RN, editor. Natural fibre reinforced cement and concrete. Glasgow: Blackie; 1988. p. 1–62. |
| [16] | Warden PG, Savastano Jr H, Coutts RSP. Fibre-cements from Brazilian waste materials. In: Evans PD, editor. Proceedings of the 5th Pacific Rim Bio-Based Composites Symposium. Canberra: ANU Forestry; 2000. p. 75–80. |
| [17] | Wang S-D, Pu X-C, Scrivener KL, Pratt PL. Alkali-activated slag cement and concrete: a review of properties and problems. Adv Cem Res 1995; 7(27): 93–102. |
| [18] | Bijen J. Blast furnace slag cement. DM_s-Hertogenbosch: Stichting Beton Prisma; 1996. |
| [19] | Coutts RSP, Warden PG. Effect of compaction on the properties of air-cured wood fibre reinforced cement. Cem Concr Compos 1990; 12: 151–6. |
| [20] | Coutts RSP. Highyield wood pulps as reinforcement for cement products. Appita 1986; 39(1): 31–5. |
| [21] | Savastano H, Mabe I, Devito RA. Fiber cement based composites for civil construction. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Natural Polymers and Composites ISNaPol 98. S~ao Carlos: Unesp/Embrapa/USP; 1998. p. 119–22. |
| [22] | Taylor HFW. Cement chemistry. 2nd ed. London: Thomas Telford; 1997. |
| [23] | Savastano Jr H, Agopyan V. Transition zone studies of vegetable fibre-cement paste composites. Cem Concr Compos 1999; 21(1): 49–57. |
| [24] | Tol^edo RD, Filho K, Scrivener GL, England K. Durability of alkali-sensitive sisal and coconut fibres in cement mortar composites. Cem Concr Compos 2000; 22(2): 127–43. |
| [25] | Olafusi Oladipupo S and Olutoge Festus A. “Strength Properties of Corn Cob Ash Concrete” Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Applied Sciences (JETEAS) 3 (2): 297-301 Scholarlink Research Institute Journals, 2012 (ISSN: 2141-7016) jeteas.scholarlinkresearch.org. |
| [26] | Bentur A, Akers SAS. The microstructure and ageing of cellulose fibre reinforced cement. |
| [27] | Composites cured in a normal environment. Int J Cem Compos Lightweight Concr 1989; 11(2): 99–109. |
| [28] | SARI, 1996. Savanna Agricultural Research Institute. Annual Report. 1996. |
| [29] | FAO Statistical Databases. 2008. FAOSTAT: Agriculture Data. Available online: http://faostat.fao.org. |
| [30] | Morris, M. L., Tripp, R. and Dankyi, A. A. 1999. Adoption and Impacts of Improved Maize Production Technology. A Case Study of the Ghana Grains Development Project, Economics Program Paper 99-01. Mexico, D. F., CIMMYT. Available online http://www.cimmyt.org/Research/economics/map/research_results/program_papers/pdf/EPP%2099_01.pdf. |
| [31] | Neville, A. M. (1996). Properties of Concrete, 3rd edition, Longman Scientific and Technical Publishing, London. Pp 58–70. |
| [32] | Saraswathy, V. and Ha-Won, S. (2007). Corrosion Performance of Rice Husk Ash Blended Concrete, Construction and Building Materials, Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan. Retrieved on 12/10/2009 fromhttp://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-163421748.html. |
| [33] | Sima, J. (1974). Portland-Pozzolona Cement: Need For a Better Application”. Indian Concrete J. 48: 33-34. |
| [34] | Jackson, N. and Dhir, R. K. (1991). Civil Engineering Materials, 4th Edition, Macmillan ELBS, Hong Kong, Pp 144 –160. |
| [35] | Grith, D. H. (1974). Rice, 2nd Edition, Longman Limited, London. pp12-18. Adesanya D. A., [26] [34] [35] Raheem A. A. 2009. Development of Corn Cob Ash Blended Cement, Construction and Building Materials, (Vol. 23, pp. 347-352). |
| [36] | Adesanya D. A., Raheem A. A. 2010. A study of the workability and compressive strength characteristics of corn cob ash blended cement concrete, Construction and Building Materials, (Vol. 23, pp. 311-317). |
| [37] | Ogunfolami T. F. 1995. The Effect Of Thermal Conductivity and Chemical Attack on Corn Cob Ash Cement Concrete, Unpublished B. Sc. Project Report, Department of Building, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. |
| [38] | Olutoge F. A., Bhashya V., Bharatkumar B. H., and Sundar Kumar S. 2010. Comparative Studies on Fly Ash and GGBS High Performance Concrete, Proceeding of National Conference on Recent Trend and Advance in Civil Engineering-TRACE 2010. |
| [39] | Rice Husk Ash (2009). Rice Husk Ash. Retrieved on 8/10/2009 from http://www.ricehuskash.com/details.htm. |
APA Style
Abdul-Manan Dauda. (2016). Exploring the Potential of Alternative Pozzolona Cement for the Northern Savannah Ecological Zone in Ghana. American Journal of Civil Engineering, 4(3), 74-79. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20160403.12
ACS Style
Abdul-Manan Dauda. Exploring the Potential of Alternative Pozzolona Cement for the Northern Savannah Ecological Zone in Ghana. Am. J. Civ. Eng. 2016, 4(3), 74-79. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20160403.12
AMA Style
Abdul-Manan Dauda. Exploring the Potential of Alternative Pozzolona Cement for the Northern Savannah Ecological Zone in Ghana. Am J Civ Eng. 2016;4(3):74-79. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20160403.12
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ajce.20160403.12,
author = {Abdul-Manan Dauda},
title = {Exploring the Potential of Alternative Pozzolona Cement for the Northern Savannah Ecological Zone in Ghana},
journal = {American Journal of Civil Engineering},
volume = {4},
number = {3},
pages = {74-79},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajce.20160403.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20160403.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajce.20160403.12},
abstract = {This project evaluates the performance of pozzolana cement elements produced from alternative raw materials with a view using them in low-cost housing. It also seeks the reduction of waste from agricultural sources and the cost of sandcrete blocks by using locally available materials. The need to find alternative materials to replace existing conventional ones has necessitated research into substitutes to cement with a view to investigating their usefulness to wholly or partly substitute ordinary Portland cement in the production of sandcrete blocks. This project investigates the possible use of Corn Cob Ash (CCA) as a partial replacement of cement in sandcrete block production. 140 no. 450mmx150mm×225mm solid sandcrete blocks of mix ratio 1:8 were cast, cured and crushed at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. The corn cob ash was replaced at 0 to 40 percent levels at 5% intervals. The maximum compressive strength of 2.10 N/mm2 was recorded at 30% replacement on the 28th day. After 12 months of exposure under northern savannah climatic conditions, the compressive strength remained stable or even increased with the weathering exposure. The maximum value of 2.10N/mm2 for the 30% replacement level is found suitable and recommended for building construction having attained a 28-day compressive strength of more than 2.0N/mm2 as required by the National Building Code for non load bearing walls.},
year = {2016}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Exploring the Potential of Alternative Pozzolona Cement for the Northern Savannah Ecological Zone in Ghana AU - Abdul-Manan Dauda Y1 - 2016/04/26 PY - 2016 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20160403.12 DO - 10.11648/j.ajce.20160403.12 T2 - American Journal of Civil Engineering JF - American Journal of Civil Engineering JO - American Journal of Civil Engineering SP - 74 EP - 79 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-8737 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20160403.12 AB - This project evaluates the performance of pozzolana cement elements produced from alternative raw materials with a view using them in low-cost housing. It also seeks the reduction of waste from agricultural sources and the cost of sandcrete blocks by using locally available materials. The need to find alternative materials to replace existing conventional ones has necessitated research into substitutes to cement with a view to investigating their usefulness to wholly or partly substitute ordinary Portland cement in the production of sandcrete blocks. This project investigates the possible use of Corn Cob Ash (CCA) as a partial replacement of cement in sandcrete block production. 140 no. 450mmx150mm×225mm solid sandcrete blocks of mix ratio 1:8 were cast, cured and crushed at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. The corn cob ash was replaced at 0 to 40 percent levels at 5% intervals. The maximum compressive strength of 2.10 N/mm2 was recorded at 30% replacement on the 28th day. After 12 months of exposure under northern savannah climatic conditions, the compressive strength remained stable or even increased with the weathering exposure. The maximum value of 2.10N/mm2 for the 30% replacement level is found suitable and recommended for building construction having attained a 28-day compressive strength of more than 2.0N/mm2 as required by the National Building Code for non load bearing walls. VL - 4 IS - 3 ER -
Information
Email: